排序方式: 共有104条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate loss of control over eating in a sample of obese youngsters seeking treatment. METHOD: Obese youngsters (aged 10-16) were categorized into those having experienced loss of control (LC) and those who had not (NoLC) using the child version of the Eating Disorder Examination. Furthermore, the LC group was subdivided into an objective binge eating (OBE) and a subjective binge eating (SBE) group. The groups were compared on psychological measures. RESULTS: LC subjects (17.9%) showed more concern about eating, weight and shape. They also reported more emotional and external eating behaviors and more depression. Youngsters who report SBE show resemblances to both NoLC and OBE subjects. DISCUSSION: LC subjects are characterized by more eating-related psychopathology and higher levels of depression. Especially obese youngsters with OBE turned out to be a pathological group. 相似文献
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Adinda Dujardin Guy Bosmans Caroline Braet Lien Goossens 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2014,55(4):296-302
Understanding the cognitive processing of attachment‐relevant information has become a major focus of attachment research. Previous research demonstrated links between attachment and memory for attachment‐related information, but results were contradictory and did not control for mood‐effects. The current study aimed to provide a conceptual framework to capture inconsistencies. A straightforward memory bias hypothesis was derived and tested. Fifty children (aged 10–12) completed questionnaires assessing confidence in maternal support and depressive symptoms, and a memory task in which they recalled positive and negative words that referred to previous interactions with mother. Less confidence in maternal support and more depressive symptoms were linked to a more negative mother‐related memory bias. The effect of confidence in maternal support remained marginally significant when controlling for depressive symptoms, explaining the initial effect of depressive symptoms. These findings support attachment theory's hypothesis that attachment‐relevant information is processed in an attachment expectation‐congruent way. 相似文献
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Journal of Religion and Health - This article describes and analyses the religious justifications for the life satisfaction reported by two groups of Muslim women. Approximately, twenty... 相似文献
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Matthias Wille 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2013,34(2):215-217
Pour résoudre les paradoxes bien connus de la mécanique quantique, on propose une interprétation par ramification (ou univers parallèles) analogue à celle d’Everett, mais avec des différences: (i) on propose une infinité continue de branches, dont les poids (o[ugrave] probabilités) se calculent par intégrale; (ii) les branches sont séparées par des ramifieurs qui se propagent à la vitesse de la lumière. Lorsqu’est négligeable la composante d’énergie négative de la fonction d’onde, le poids de chaque branche en un point donné u est égal au flux du quadrivecteur (courant-densité de présence), soit à travers l'élément d’écran antérieur à u sur lequel l'impact est perçu, soit à travers le cône passé de u si aucun impact n’est perçu. In order to solve well-known paradoxes in quantum mechanics, we propose a reworking of Everett's interpretation with ramified branches (or many worlds), yet somewhat different: (i) branches form an infinity continuum and each weight (probability) is defined by an integral; (ii) branches are separated by ramifiers which propagate themselves with the velocity of light. Assuming we can neglect the negative-energy component in the wave function, then the weight of each branch at a given point u is equal to the flux of the quadrivector (current-presence density), either through the screen element where the impact occurs, or through the past light-cone of u if no impact occurs. 相似文献
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Matthias Wille 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2013,34(4):333-358
In this paper, we trace the conceptual history of the term ‘metamathematics’ in the nineteenth century. It is well known that Hilbert introduced the term for his proof-theoretic enterprise in about 1922. But he was verifiably inspired by an earlier usage of the phrase in the 1870s. After outlining Hilbert's understanding of the term, we will explore the lines of inducement and elucidate the different meanings of ‘metamathematics’ in the final decades of the nineteenth century. Finally, we will investigate the earlier occurrences and come to the conclusion that the conceptual prehistory of the Hilbertian notion of metamathematics dates back to 1870, whereas the history of the word starts in 1799 at the latest.
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The present study tested the hypothesis that older adults establish a weaker task set than younger adults and therefore rely more on stimulus-triggered activation of task sets. This hypothesis predicts that older adults should have difficulty with task switches, especially when the stimuli-responses are associated with multiple, competing tasks. Weak task preparation, however, could actually benefit older adults when performing an unexpected task. The authors tested this prediction in Experiment 1 using a repeating AABB task sequence, with univalent and bivalent stimuli intermixed. On some univalent trials, participants received an unexpected task. Contrary to the authors' predictions, expectancy costs were not smaller for older adults. Similar findings were obtained in Experiments 2 and 3, in which the authors used a task-cueing paradigm to more strongly promote deliberate task preparation. The authors found no disproportionate age effects on switch costs but did find age effects on bivalence costs and mixing costs. The authors conclude that older adults do experience extra difficulty dealing with stimuli associated with 2 active tasks but found no evidence that the problem specifically stems from an increased reliance on bottom-up task activation rather than top-down task preparation. 相似文献
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The present study examined individual differences in the automaticity of visual word recognition. Specifically, we examined
whether people can recognize words while central attention is devoted to another task and how this ability depends on reading
skill. A lexical-decision Task 2 was combined with either an auditory or visual Task 1. Regardless of the Task 1 modality,
Task 2 word recognition proceeded in parallel with Task 1 central operations for individuals with high Nelson-Denny reading
scores, but not for individuals with low reading scores. We conclude that greater lexical skill leads to greater automaticity,
allowing better readers to more efficiently perform lexical processes in parallel with other attention-demanding tasks. 相似文献
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One of the most robust findings in attention research is that the time to name a color is lengthened markedly in the presence
of an irrelevant word that spells a different color name: the Stroop effect. The Stroop effect is found even when the word
is physically separated from the color, apparently indicating that words can be read outside the focus of spatial attention.
The present study critically evaluated this claim. We employed several stringent measures within a Stroop paradigm to prevent
participants from attending to the irrelevant words (e.g., limiting exposure duration to prevent attention capture). Nonetheless,
residual Stroop effects were obtained for both color words and semantic associates (e.g., sky to blue). These data suggest
that lexical processing can sometimes occur outside the focus of spatial attention. 相似文献