The present study sought to extend work on subjective well-being using Lent’s (2004) model. Specifically, the role of goal attainment in the academic and social domains, and the value accorded these domains, in the pathway to life satisfaction was examined using self-report data from 354 Singapore university students. Results demonstrated a role for goal attainment and domain value. For goal attainment, it was found to be able to predict life satisfaction and to play a mediating role in the pathway to life satisfaction – specifically for the link between domain goal progress and domain satisfaction – although the full serial mediation model (from positive affect to life satisfaction) was supported only for the social domain. As for domain value, a moderating role was found in one instance, where the value of benevolence in the social domain moderated the link between social satisfaction and life satisfaction. Overall, the inclusion of both goal attainment and domain value can thus enable a better understanding of subjective well-being.
Although the experience of insight has long been noted, the essence of the ‘Aha!’ experience, reflecting a sudden change in the brain that accompanies an insight solution, remains largely unknown. This work aimed to uncover the mystery of the ‘Aha!’ experience through three studies. In Study 1, participants were required to solve a set of verbal insight problems and then subjectively report their affective experience when solving the problem. The participants were found to have experienced many types of emotions, with happiness the most frequently reported one. Multidimensional scaling was employed in Study 2 to simplify the dimensions of these reported emotions. The results showed that these different types of emotions could be clearly placed in two‐dimensional space and that components constituting the ‘Aha!’ experience mainly reflected positive emotion and approached cognition. To validate previous findings, in Study 3, participants were asked to select the most appropriate emotional item describing their feelings at the time the problem was solved. The results of this study replicated the multidimensional construct consisting of approached cognition and positive affect. These three studies provide the first direct evidence of the essence of the ‘Aha!’ experience. The potential significance of the findings was discussed. 相似文献