A study of the perceived recognition affecting the adoption of innovation with respect to the online game in Taiwan.

The potential of online games to become a major global business and the existence of limited related references led to the current study. In this study, Rogers's diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory is applied to investigate the principles for the adoption of online games in Taiwan. The findings suggest that relative advantages and compatibility both have a significant effect on the adoption of online games for purposes of amusement, with the former being more important for early gamers and the latter being regarded as more critical for later gamers. In addition, complexity is found to impede online game diffusion and is regarded as the most important facilitator.     

当代德语学界的经典解释

德语学界哲学经典解释传统源远流长,从历史上看有三条线索可寻:一即批判哲学至古典唯心论一系,二为施莱尔马赫、小施莱格尔的浪漫派一线,三是自沃尔夫和伯克以来的历史考证语文学学派。本文结合作者在德国读书学习时获得的第一手讯息,对这三个学派对当今德国哲学经典解释学界发生的影响和它们目前的动向,作了一番简要的介绍。     

不同呈现方式的网页广告的眼动研究

选择25名视力正常的大学生,用眼动仪记录他们浏览不同呈现方式、不同位置的网页广告的眼动过程。结果发现：1．对于不同呈现方式的网页广告,从记忆成绩看：彩色组显著优于黑白组,两者与动画组没有显著差异;从眼动指标看：动画组和彩色组的注视次数和注视时的明显高于黑白组。2．网页广告的位置对被试的记忆成绩与眼动模式有一定的影响,表现为上部与中部注视次数增加,注视时间长。记忆成绩也表现为差异显著,中部与上部的记忆效果好。     

汉词和图画再认的ERP效应及脑机制

目的：比较汉词与图画材料再认过程中的事件相关电位（ERP）表现并探讨其脑机制。方法：使用经典“学习一再认”实验模式对21名大学生进行测验,同时记录EEG,离线处理后对汉词及图画再认诱发的ERP波形主要成分及新旧效应进行比较。结果：两种材料的再认均诱发出了明显的新旧效应。顶区新旧效应头皮分布基本一致,但图画再认该效应波幅大于汉词再认;两种材料诱发的额区新旧效应有所不同,图画再认该效应为正走向,而汉词再认此效应表现为负走向趋势。结论：汉词与图画再认既存在某种共同的神经加工机制,叉分别涉及一些特异性的神经活动模式。     

A brief version of the geriatric depression scale for the chinese

Elderly persons (N=310) attending outpatient psychiatric clinics were given an interview on the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (T. L. Brink et al., 1982; J. A. Yesavage et al., 1983) and received an independent psychiatric evaluation. A 3-step binary logistic regression showed that 2 items measuring positive affect and 2 others measuring negative affect combined to produce diagnostic performance comparable with the full scale. This result was cross-validated on a different sample (N=134). A hierarchical measurement model in which the 4 items tapped 2 first-order factors (positive and negative affect), which in turn tapped a higher order construct of depression, provided excellent fit to the data.     

Amygdala and hippocampal activity during acquisition and extinction of human fear conditioning

Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have characterized brain systems involved in conditional response acquisition during Pavlovian fear conditioning. However, the functional neuroanatomy underlying the extinction of human conditional fear remains largely undetermined. The present study used fMRI to examine brain activity during acquisition and extinction of fear conditioning. During the acquisition phase, participants were either exposed to light (CS) presentations that signaled a brief electrical stimulation (paired group) or received light presentations that did not serve as a warning signal (control group). During the extinction phase, half of the paired group subjects continued to receive the same treatment, whereas the remainder received light alone. Control subjects also received light alone during the extinction phase. Changes in metabolic activity within the amygdala and hippocampus support the involvement of these regions in each of the procedural phases of fear conditioning. Hippocampal activity developed during acquisition of the fear response. Amygdala activity increased whenever experimental contingencies were altered, suggesting that this region is involved in processing changes in environmental relationships. The present data show learning-related amygdala and hippocampal activity during human Pavlovian fear conditioning and suggest that the amygdala is particularly important for forming new associations as relationships between stimuli change.     

Self-monitoring without awareness: using mimicry as a nonconscious affiliation strategy

This research sought to extend the current conceptualization of self-monitoring by examining whether self-monitoring motives and behaviors can operate outside of conscious awareness. Two studies examined nonconscious mimicry among high and low self-monitors in situations varying in affiliative cues. Participants interacted with a confederate who shook her foot (Study 1) or touched her face (Study 2). In both studies, high self-monitors were more likely to mimic the confederate's subtle gestures when they believed the confederate to be a peer (Study 1) or someone superior to them (Study 2). Low self-monitors mimicked to the same degree across conditions. Thus, when the situation contains affiliative cues, high self-monitors use mimicry as a nonconscious strategy to get along with their interaction partner.     

ERP correlates of form and rhyme letter tasks in impaired reading children: a critical evaluation.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from 15 electrode sites in six average and six impaired reading children, 12 years of age, during visual letter discrimination tasks. Subjects responded to target letters with an enclosed area in the form task and to letters that rhymed with "e" in the rhyme task. Response accuracy was similar between the groups. Reaction time was relatively longer for the impaired group during the rhyme task. At lateral sites, condition differences were evident as greater negative shifts in the rhyme task than the form at 170 and 470 ms as well as a delayed late positivity for the rhyme. In terms of reading ability, the average readers' ERPs were more negative than those of the impaired group at 270 and 450 ms. Inter-hemispheric variations were also seen between the groups, with the average readers more negative than the impaired readers at right hemisphere sites. Contrary to expectations, group differences in the ERP did not vary substantially as a function of condition, and task demands were evaluated in view of these findings.     

Cognitive assessment in Chinese patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

A subgroup of patients who survive aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may have significant cognitive deficits. The aim of the current study was to determine the efficiency of cognitive tests and frequency of cognitive impairments associated with aneurysmal SAH in Chinese. A series of 116 patients with aneurysmal SAH were assessed before surgery. Only 37 patients have completed all tests. The other 79 patients had discontinued because of their clinical conditions, recurring severe headaches, refusing or misunderstanding due to low education. We found that one or more cognitive functions were impaired in 70.3% of the 37 patients, SAH patients were especially impaired in functions that are related to visual reproduction, verbal fluency, and executive functions. The results suggest that the patients have impressive cognitive deficits after aneurysmal SAH. A battery of appropriate cognitive tests should be developed for use by doctors and nurses.