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131.
A factor-analysis of 95 items concerned with impulsivity identified eight major components, namely, concentration, decision-making, thinking, money, excitement, temper, future orientation, and complexity. 相似文献
132.
Lester D 《Psychological reports》2000,87(2):692
Suicide and homicide rates of a sample of 72 nations were associated with a cluster of social variables related to economic development but not with a cluster related to the proportion of Islamic adherents. 相似文献
133.
A gaze-contingent short-term memory paradigm was used to obtain forgetting functions for realistic objects in scenes. Experiment 1 had observers freely view nine-item scenes. After observers' gaze left a predetermined target, they could fixate from 1-7 intervening nontargets before the scene was replaced by a spatial probe at the target location. The task was then to select the target from four alternatives. A steep recency benefit was found over the 1-2 intervening object range that declined into an above-chance prerecency asymptote over the remainder of the forgetting function. In Experiment 2, we used sequential presentation and variable delays to explore the contributions of decay and extrafoveal processes to these behaviors. We conclude that memory for objects in scenes, when serialized by fixation sequence, shows recency and prerecency effects that are similar to isolated objects presented sequentially over time. We discuss these patterns in the context of the serial order memory literature and object file theory. 相似文献
134.
LaGasse LL Neal AR Lester BM 《Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews》2005,11(1):83-93
Infant crying signals distress to potential caretakers who can alleviate the aversive conditions that gave rise to the cry. The cry signal results from coordination among several brain regions that control respiration and vocal cord vibration from which the cry sounds are produced. Previous work has shown a relationship between acoustic characteristics of the cry and diagnoses related to neurological damage, SIDS, prematurity, medical conditions, and substance exposure during pregnancy. Thus, assessment of infant cry provides a window into the neurological and medical status of the infant. Assessment of infant cry is brief and noninvasive and requires recording equipment and a standardized stimulus to elicit a pain cry. The typical protocol involves 30 seconds of crying from a single application of the stimulus. The recorded cry is submitted to an automated computer analysis system that digitizes the cry and either presents a digital spectrogram of the cry or calculates measures of cry characteristics. The most common interpretation of cry measures is based on deviations from typical cry characteristics. Another approach evaluates the pattern across cry characteristics suggesting arousal or under-arousal or difficult temperament. Infants with abnormal cries should be referred for a full neurological evaluation. The second function of crying--to elicit caretaking--involves parent perception of the infant's needs. Typically, parents are sensitive to deviations in cry characteristics, but their perception can be altered by factors in themselves (e.g., depression) or in the context (e.g., culture). The potential for cry assessment is largely untapped. Infant crying and parental response is the first language of the new dyadic relationship. Deviations in the signal and/or misunderstanding the message can compromise infant care, parental effectiveness, and undermine the budding relationship. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2005;11:83-93. 相似文献
135.
In a sample of 118 college students, scores on a measure of authoritarian attitudes were associated with scores on subscales from the Buss and Perry (1992) Aggression Questionnaire. 相似文献
136.
Analysis of a large sample of suicide notes from 262 suicides in Australia showed separated/divorced suicides and suicides who abused alcohol were more likely to give love/romance as a precipitant for suicide while those who used gas (natural or car exhaust) were more likely to give depression and guilt as a motive. 相似文献
137.
A scale to measure approval of physician-assisted suicide was devised. Scores on the scale were uncorrelated to death anxiety in a sample of 168 students. 相似文献
138.
Lester D 《Psychological reports》1999,85(2):422
The pattern of associations between the suicide rates by various methods over the American states differed from that found over nations. 相似文献
139.
Lester D 《Psychological reports》1999,85(1):212
The time-series regressions for suicide rates by race and sex for those aged 5 to 14 years in the USA from 1933-1980 were predicted by scores on two factors which had high loadings for year and for the marriage rate. 相似文献
140.
Alcoholism is associated with a vast number of suicides. The most systematic study of suicide among alcoholics is the work of Eli Robins and George Murphy. The suicide notes in these studies have remained unanalyzed to date. The present analysis suggested that these suicide notes of alcoholics did not differ from those of nonalcoholics; core themes in their deaths are unbearable psychological pain, cognitive constriction, indirect expressions, rejection-aggression, and identification-aggression. Although caution is in order in accepting the null hypothesis, we can at least suggest that further study is needed. 相似文献