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91.
Peter Schouten MD 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1996,18(2):315-323
This article is concerned with two recnet studies of the Family-of-Origin Scale (FOS), Gavin and Wamboldt (1992) and Ryan, Kawash, Fine, and Powel (1994). The external validity analyses conducted for the FOS in these studies assumed the scale to be a unidemsional measure. The present discussion centers on methodological decisions and interpretive strategies that may have prevented a more complete understanding of the scale's dimensional structure and theoretical meaning. It is concluded that a unidimensional view of the FOS is an oversimplification that is inconsistent with the available data. A case is made for a more comprehensive and technically adequate evaluation of the FOS. Specific suggestions are offered. 相似文献
92.
93.
This study examined therapeutic outcome for a group of 175 clinic families divided into levels of family competence and style, and, later, into seven clinical groupings. The division into these groups was based on the level of rated Competence and Style determined by using the Beavers Systems Model. Therapists also rated their level of Openness/Sharing Strategy, Power Differential, and Partnership with the family at the third session. Results indicate that more competent families who fared well in therapy had therapists who formed a partnership, disclosed strategy, and employed a minimal power differential with the family. The most disturbed families, and those with a Centrifugal style, did better with therapists employing a high power differential and lower levels of openness and partnership. The study also presented the distribution of individual diagnoses by family groups. Implications for family therapists, including the value of family assessment, are provided. 相似文献
94.
Tatjana Sivik MD Ph.D. MA Domagoj Delimar MD Patricia Korenjak MD Natasa Delimar Ph.D. 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1997,32(4):364-372
Ninety soldiers with at least three months of combat exposure—60 injured soldiers (30 with permanent disabling and 30 with
nondisabling injuries), 30 noninjured soldiers and 30 healthy controls—were interviewed and investigated with physiological
(Prolactine, Cortisol, BP, Hb) and psychological tests (MMPI), IES-15 (Impact of Event Scale), PTSS (Post-Traumatic Symptom
Scale). Their was related injuries had a different effect on the physiological stress response of the soldiers as reflected
in the levels of prolactine, cortisol, hemoglobin and blood pressure.
In a report of personality characteristics of the same soldiers, we demonstrated that the experience of posttraumatic stress
was not dependent upon physical injury, but rather on the psychological appraisal of the situation. The results of the present
article confirm earlier findings that the relationship between physiological and psychological consequences of trauma are
complex, and that the perception of an event and the social context within which the traumatized soldier exists is as important
as the event itself. The physiological response to the trauma varied greatly among the soldiers regarding the psychosocial
impact of the consequence of the injury. So the anticipation of future possible trauma among less severely wounded soldiers
(expected to go back to war) was followed by pathological stress responses. Trauma seems to operate somewhat independently
from the overt conscious appraisal of the situation and relationship between psychological, psychosocial, and physiological
aspects are interrelated in a multifactorial way. An integrative approach is therefore of great importance in assessment as
well as in treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
Editorial Note This historical article is being published for the first time. It is based on the Ph.D. thesis of Dr. Harry
A. Teitelbaum for which he was awarded a doctorate by the University of Maryland in College Park in 1936. The dissertation
was stored prior to publication and was not rediscovered until 1997. Teitelbaum’s work was performed during the early days
of the development of knowledge regarding the mechanisms that regulate endocrine function. The understanding of the broad
capability of interactions among endocrine glands was evolving. It was a field that Teitelbaum contributed to for several
years, many of which were spent in collaboration with Horsley Gantt in his laboratory at Johns Hopkins. Although some of the
experimental strategies and some of the wording of the report seem quaint today, the contribution of Teitelbaum’s research
was solid and highly relevant to questions being asked at the time. 相似文献
95.
Gerry Larsson Lennart Nordstrm Gulli Ljunggren Ann-britt Nyberg Bjrn Resare Gran Schedwin Margareta Wahlgren 《欧洲人格杂志》1995,9(2):75-87
The aim of this study was to scrutinize the relationship between personality type as described by Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck, health-related behaviours, and indicators of transitory ill health in a community sample. The sample consisted of all per sons aged 40 years (45 men and 35 women) in a Swedish municipality who agreed to take part in a health examination at the primary health care centre of the municipality. The Short Interpersonal Reactions Inventory (Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck, 1990) was used to measure personality type. Self-report data were obtained regarding seven health-related behaviours. Health was assessed in three ways; self-report (paper and pencil), self-report (interview response to physician), and measures of 36 biological variables including immune system indicators. The allocation of persons to the different personality types proved problematic using the established methods. By combining the types, according to Eysenck's personality model, and performing a cluster analysis on this combination, a ‘healthy’ and a ‘stressed’ profile were identified within both the male and the female group of subjects. Persons in the healthy personality cluster showed more favourable scores on the health-related behaviour indices and on the self-report health scales than the persons in the stressed cluster. They also tended to score lower than those in the stressed cluster on most of the biological markers known to increase during acute stress. The possibility that this implies a higher level of strain for the persons in the stressed cluster on various bodily systems is discussed. 相似文献
96.
Alfredo A. Canevaro MD 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1990,12(2):105-114
The author presents a model for research investigation and clinical use that deals with the interaction between cohesive and dispersive family of origin systems as reflected in marital and family interaction in nuclear families.From a paper presented at the tenth annual meeting of the American Family Therapy Association, June, 1988, Montreal, PQ, Canada. 相似文献
97.
Reviews of the outcome literature in family and marital therapy are critically evaluated. The literature is equivocal in regard to the effectiveness of family therapy, particularly in comparison to alternative forms of treatment, so that statements to the effect that family therapy has demonstrated its general efficacy would not appear to be justified. Problems are identified which require solution before the efficacy of family therapy can be demonstrated.Paper presented at the 45th annual conference of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Chicago, Illinois, October 31, 1987. 相似文献
98.
This is an investigation of belief-value distortion as measured by the correlation between sets of beliefs and values for a given attitude object. Correlations were computed for each subject separately. Initial mood levels and mood changes subsequent to ratings of attitudes to nuclear power were investigated in the first two studies. In Study 1 mood changes were positively correlated with attitude. In Study 2, mood levels were positively correlated both with attitude, optimism, and tendency towards extreme belief-value correlations (belief-value distortion). In a third study, attitudes were studied both towards nuclear power and alcohol. There were no clear relations between the two fields of contents. Mood changes were small and inconsistent. However, tendency to act correlated with both optimism and belief-value distortion, also with the level of attitude kept constant. A model relating mood, optimism, belief-value distortion, and action is suggested. 相似文献
99.
Lennart Sjöberg Birgitta Höijer Ingegerd Olsson 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1970,11(1):266-273
Three groups of preschool children were given verbal instructions as to the invariance of weight in spite of transformations of shape. Instructions were phrased according to the principles of reversibility, decentering, and addition-subtraction, respectively. A fourth group received no verbal information but only external reinforcement. Verbally instructed groups were superior to control and nonverbal groups on a posttest. On transfer and counter-suggestion items the addition-subtraction group had a tendency towards superior performance. 相似文献
100.
David V. Keith MD. 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1987,9(1-2):11-22
Intuition is an important part of a mature clinician's work. Yet, it is a component of clinical work which is looked upon with suspicion, due in part to the Middle-Age's association between intuition and the work of witches. This paper describes a tenuous link between intuition, witches, and Carl Whitaker. Patterns for including intuition in family therapy are discussed. 相似文献