Adolescents' family obligation and activities in rural and urban Vietnam: Implications for social change

This study examined how urbanisation may modify adolescents' values and activities concerning family obligation by surveying 572 adolescents (M_age = 15.75, SD = .73) in rural and urban Vietnam. Compared with their rural peers, urban adolescents reported a stronger sense of family obligation but spent less time actually engaging in family assistance, findings that were partly explained by urban households' less financial hardship and higher parental education levels. As expected, stronger family obligation values were associated with greater family assistance activities across rural and urban Vietnam. However, stronger family obligation values were associated with more study hours only in urban Vietnam, indicating that urbanisation may broaden the meaning of family obligation to encompass the academic domain. Additionally, weaker family obligation values were associated with more employment hours only in rural Vietnam, suggesting that rural adolescents with little attachment to the traditional value of family obligation may pursue autonomy through employment outside the home. In traditionally familistic societies undergoing urbanisation, family obligation may take on different meaning depending on adolescents' ecological settings that construct cultural values and behavioural norms.     

政治生活中的哲人:柏拉图论“建议”

本文从柏拉图书简入手,关注柏拉图有关"建议"的论述,并细致分析了柏拉图《书简七》中有关"建议"的原则,力图通过对比柏拉图给人和城邦提建议的原则,揭示柏拉图在政治生活中究竟是怎样一位哲人。     

“和”之精神在《管子》乐论中的具体体现

《管子》是我国齐文化一部重要著述。21世纪是追求“和”之精神的时代,重新审视《管子》乐论,从《地员》、《宙合》、《幼宫》三篇有关乐论的论述中,可以看到“和”之精神的存在。     

2003 Division 35 Presidential Address: Feminist Leadership: Feminist Visions And Diverse Voices

Although the theories and models on feminism and leadership exist, there has been little study of the intersection of the two. The literature on feminist leadership is scant. Few have defined it and fewer still have researched it. Thus, Feminist Leadership was chosen for my presidential initiative. This initiative kicked off a dialogue about feminist leadership that is summarized in this article. The article is based on my presidential address presented at the 2003 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association in concluding my year as President of Division 35, the Society for the Psychology of Women. It identifies some challenges faced by women in leadership positions and by feminist leaders. It identifies the major issues that emerged during a web-based dialogue about feminist leadership. It discusses the intersection between theories of leadership and feminism. It ends with the lessons learned and implications for the future of feminist leadership.     

齐地音乐之音地关系探微

音乐行为作为人类的实践活动之一,与地理环境之间有着比其他文化现象更为密切的联系。齐乐作为齐文化的分支之一,与当时的地理人文环境存在着密不可分的关联,受到诸如地理地貌、民俗民风、农业生产、航运交流等各方面的积极影响。从齐地的音地关系出发,进一步论证齐乐的发展现象是一件很有意义的工作。     

论分配正义的局限性——基于弗里克“证言不正义”的思考

在《认知不正义》一书中,著名的女性主义学者米兰达·弗里克首次系统地讨论了认知领域的不正义现象。其中,“证言不正义”引起她特别的关注,其典型情形可被界定为“因身份偏见而导致的可信度贬损”。由其所导致的对特定群体及个人的不公对待,不仅剥夺了他们作为知识主体的资格,而且亦会导致人性的降格。以此观之,关于这个话题的讨论,无疑具有重要的理论及现实价值。但是,在分析其本质时,由于弗里克囿于主流的分配正义模式,她只能得出一个缺乏信息量的否定性论断:“证言不正义”并非认知资源的分配不均。为了推进此话题的讨论,如果利用社会批判理论的一些成果做出新的尝试,那么其结论将是:“证言不正义”本质上是一种独特的“承认”拒绝。     

Effect of Quality Characteristics of Peer Raters on Rating Errors in Peer Assessment

Little research has been done on the effects of peer raters’ quality characteristics on peer rating qualities. This study aims to address this gap and investigate the effects of key variables related to peer raters’ qualities, including content knowledge, previous rating experience, training on rating tasks, and rating motivation. In an experiment where training and motivation interventions were manipulated, 24 classes with 838 high school students were randomly assigned to study conditions. Inter-rater error, intra-rater error and criterion error indices for peer ratings on four selected essays were analyzed using hierarchical linear models. Results indicated that peer raters’ content knowledge, previous rating experience, and rating motivation were associated with rating errors. This study also found some significant interactions between peer raters’ quality characteristics. Implications for in-person and online peer assessments as well as future directions are discussed.