Hispanic Infants with Cystic Fibrosis Show Low CFTR Mutation Detection Rates in the Illinois Newborn Screening Program

States develop specific protocols for cystic fibrosis (CF) newborn screening to reflect the population served. We hypothesized that mutation distribution and detection rates would differ between Hispanic and non-Hispanic CF patients diagnosed by IL newborn screen with more Hispanic infants carrying mutations not detected by the state panel. Data from CF cases diagnosed via newborn screen in IL between 3/1/2008 and 10/31/2010 were reviewed. More Hispanic infants with CF had one or more undefined mutations after screening, in comparison to non-Hispanic Caucasian patients (40% vs. 9.5%; p?相似文献   

Voice and Culture: A Prospect Theory Approach

The present study examines the congruence of individuals' minimum preferred amounts of voice with the prospect theory value function across nine countries. Accounting for previously ignored minimum preferred amounts of voice and actual voice amounts integral to testing the steepness of gain and loss functions explicated in prospect theory, we use curve fitting to show that ratings of procedural justice fit prospect theory's value function specifically. Further, we investigate the form of this function across nine countries that range in power distance. Results suggest that the form of the value function is congruent with prospect theory, showing an S‐shaped curve that is steeper in the loss than in the gain domain. Further, this pattern is similar across countries. Theoretical and practical implications of these results for both decision making and organizational justice are discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The genetics of dietary experience in a restricted natural population

The sources of individual differences in human and nonhuman animals remain controversial. We demonstrate that diet and genetics interact in determining the ontogenetic trajectory of chemosensory and prey preferences in the common garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis , a dietary generalist. In litters of neonate snakes from a single small field in an earthworm-ingesting population, initial responses to chemical cues from fish and worm were similar, with zero heritabilities. After 12 meals on fish, however, the heritability of both fish and worm chemosensory responses increased markedly, the change in response to fish but not worm chemicals was heritable, the relative preference for fish versus worm was heritable, and the change in relative preference was heritable. In addition, growth rates on each diet were related to changes in chemoreceptive responses. Such genetic-environment variation that emerges only after equivalent ontogenetic experience may be a factor in responses to environmental change in many species.     

Measurement of post-war coping and stress responses: A study of Bosnian adolescents

We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Responses to Stress Questionnaire (RSQ; Connor-Smith, Compas, Saltzman, Thomsen, & Wadsworth, 2000) in a sample of Bosnian youth (N = 665; age = 15 to 20 years) five years post-war. Participants reported on their coping and involuntary responses to post-war stressors including trauma reminders, loss reminders, and family conflict. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor model comprised of primary control engagement coping, secondary control engagement coping, disengagement coping, and involuntary stress responses. Results support the reliability and validity of the RSQ to adolescents growing up in stressful post-war contexts.