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41.
Lawrence D. Rosenblum Mark A. Schmuckler Jennifer A. Johnson 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1997,59(3):347-357
In the McGurk effect, perceptual identification of auditory speech syllables is influenced by simultaneous presentation of discrepant visible speech syllables. This effect has been found in subjects of different ages and with various native language backgrounds. But no McGurk tests have been conducted with prelinguistic infants. In the present series of experiments, 5-month-old English-exposed infants were tested for the McGurk effect. Infants were first gaze-habituated to an audiovisual /va/. Two different dishabituation stimuli were then presented: audio /ba/-visual /va/ (perceived by adults as /va/), and audio /da/-visual /va/ (perceived by adults as /da/). The infants showed generalization from the audiovisual /va/ to the audio /ba/-visual /va/ stimulus but not to the audio /da/-visual /va/ stimulus. Follow-up experiments revealed that these generalization differences were not due to a general preference for the audio /da/-visual /va/ stimulus or to the auditory similarity of /ba/ to /va/ relative to /da/. These results suggest that the infants were visually influenced in the same way as Englishspeaking adults are visually influenced. 相似文献
42.
In three experiments, asymmetries between the processing of crossed and uncrossed disparities were investigated. The target was a luminance-defined circle concentric to a fixation mark, viewed stereoscopically on a computer monitor for 105 msec. Fifteen disparities were presented according to the method of constant stimuli. Observers indicated the apparent direction of target depth relative to fixation. All experiments measured both the accuracy and latency of this response. Experiment 1 showed fewer errors and shorter reaction times for identifying crossed disparities. Experiments 2 and 3 replicated Experiment 1 and also showed that observers may often perceive a target in the direction opposite that prescribed by the disparity information. We propose that the asymmetries and reversals result from differences in computation of sign, not of magnitude. This notion is consistent with a scheme of continuous disparity tuning and accounts for such asymmetries and errors without positing disparity pooling mechanisms. 相似文献
43.
Curtis W. Hart Robin Scroggs Claude Barbre Antoinette Goodwin Philip Paris Mark J. Hanson Kathryn Madden Annette G.E. Esser Raymond J. Lawrence Jr. Jilisa Snyder Karen A. Monk George M. Klee Loy McGill Jill Carlen Kirby Thandeka Pamela Davis Barnett Gregory Forte J.J. Haines Barry Ulanov Elizabeth MacDonald 《Journal of religion and health》1997,36(1):81-104
44.
The study of unimanual performance as a measure of laterality has ranged from simple concepts such as tests of handedness to highly complex conceptualizations interrelating anthropologic, cultural, genetic, and neurological aspects, including difference between unimanual performance in brain injured versus normal samples. This paper traces measures of unimanual performance through behavioral correlates of natural and unnatural sinistrality as related to cerebral organization, and concludes that unimanual performance represents a robust phenomenon with implications for understanding of neuropsychological correlates of behavior. 相似文献
45.
John E. Hunter 《Psychological science》1997,8(1):3-7
Abstract— The significance test as currently used is a disaster Whereas most researchers falsely believe that the significance test has an error rate of 5%, empirical studies show the average error rate across psychology is 60%—12 times higher than researchers think it to be The error rate for inference using the significance test is greater than the error rate using a coin toss to replace the empirical study. The significance test has devastated the research review process. Comprehensive reviews cite conflicting results on almost every issue. Yet quantitatively accurate review of the same results shows that the apparent conflicts stem almost entirely from the high error rate for the significance test. If 60% of studies falsely interpret their primary results, then reviewers who base their reviews on the interpreted study "findings" will have a 100% error rate in concluding that there is conflict between study results. 相似文献
46.
Rosana Glat Karen Gould Lawrence T. Stoddard Murray Sidman 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1994,27(4):699-704
This case study describes initially unsuccessful attempts to use the delayed-cue procedure to teach conditional discriminations to an individual with moderate mental retardation. The task was matching printed-word comparison stimuli to dictated-name sample stimuli. In three experiments, the subject typically waited for the delayed cue unless differential responses to the dictated samples (repeating the sample names) were required. Hence, the study provides an example of a way to make the delayed-cue method more effective. The stimulus control bases for the results are discussed. 相似文献
47.
This study examines differential prediction of WIAT achievement scores based on WISC-III FSIQ in white as compared with African American and Hispanic children, and in females as compared with males. A procedure which allows simultaneous comparisons of slopes and intercepts across groups is employed. The results are consistent with previous research findings in supporting the general absence of bias in predicting achievement from IQ. 相似文献
48.
Although there is considerable empirical support for the existence of social stereotypes about different types of mothers, the content of those stereotypes is less clear. The purpose of this study was to identify the content of stereotypes related to different types of mothers. Stereotyped attributes of married mothers, stepmothers, divorced mothers, and never married mothers were generated by several samples and combined into one list. A subsequent sample was asked to indicate the percentage of each type of mother possessing each characteristic. The content of mother stereotypes was examined, and the results discussed in light of effects on social interactions, the self-image of women, and future attempts to assess family-related stereotypes. 相似文献
49.
Blindsight-Not an Island Unto Itself 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lawrence Weiskrantz 《Current directions in psychological science》1995,4(5):146-151
50.