全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1717篇 |
免费 | 50篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 41篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 44篇 |
2015年 | 28篇 |
2014年 | 36篇 |
2013年 | 190篇 |
2012年 | 38篇 |
2011年 | 54篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 73篇 |
2006年 | 53篇 |
2005年 | 46篇 |
2004年 | 64篇 |
2003年 | 66篇 |
2002年 | 49篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 21篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 27篇 |
1978年 | 22篇 |
1977年 | 27篇 |
1976年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
1974年 | 15篇 |
1973年 | 20篇 |
1970年 | 12篇 |
1967年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有1767条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
171.
In these studies, the correlates of spontaneously using expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal during stressful speeches were examined. Spontaneous emotion regulation means that there were no instructions of how to regulate emotions during the speech. Instead, participants indicated after the speech to what extent they used self-motivated expressive suppression or reappraisal during the task. The results show that suppression is associated with less anxiety expression, greater physiological responding, and less memory for the speech while having no impact on negative affect. In contrast, reappraisal has no impact on physiology and memory while leading to less expression and affect. Taken together, spontaneous emotion regulation in active coping tasks has similar consequences as experimentally induced emotion regulation in passive tasks. 相似文献
172.
Three studies found that prospective temporal self-appraisals can be part of defensive pessimists' strategy; they felt closer to equally distant negative than positive futures. In Study 1, defensive pessimists felt closer to future failures and reported more negative affect than those considering success. In Study 2, when manipulated negative futures were close, defensive pessimists felt bad and performed well; results suggested that viewing negative futures as close may be part of their natural strategy. Study 3 found that prospective self-appraisals influenced performances through felt preparation. Optimists did not use prospective self-appraisals (Study 1) and their performances were unaffected by manipulated temporal distance (Studies 2 and 3). Discussion centers on prospective self-appraisals and multiple strategies of defensive pessimists. 相似文献
173.
For decades the importance of background situations has been documented across all areas of cognition. Nevertheless, theories of concepts generally ignore background situations, focusing largely on bottom-up, stimulus-based processing. Furthermore, empirical research on concepts typically ignores background situations, not incorporating them into experimental designs. A selective review of relevant literatures demonstrates that concepts are not abstracted out of situations but instead are situated. Background situations constrain conceptual processing in many tasks (e.g., recall, recognition, categorization, lexical decision, color naming, property verification, property generation) across many areas of cognition (e.g., episodic memory, conceptual processing, visual object recognition, language comprehension). A taxonomy of situations is proposed in which grain size, meaningfulness, and tangibility distinguish the cumulative situations that structure cognition hierarchically. 相似文献
174.
Pain and fear often co-occur and appear to interact, although the nature and direction of their relation is not clearly delineated. The present study investigates how exposure to the experience of one of these states subsequently affects responding to the other. Pressure stimulation and carbon dioxide-enriched air (CO2) were used to induce pain and fear, respectively, in 48 healthy individuals. The order in which the stimuli were introduced was manipulated, as was the CO2 level. Measures of overt behavior, physiological responding, and self-report were obtained; analyses of stimuli effects generally supported their ability to produce pain or fear. Results indicate that the stimulus rated as the most aversive, the higher level of CO2, led to the highest levels of distressed responding across dependent measures. This pattern was replicated for the stimuli found to be less aversive (i.e., pressure stimulation and low-level CO2, respectively). The authors conclude that fear and pain, in and of themselves, do not dictate the nature of their interaction; the most important factor is how aversive they are perceived to be in relation to one another. 相似文献
175.
An experiment was performed to test whether cross-modal speaker matches could be made using isolated visible speech movement information. Visible speech movements were isolated using a point-light technique. In five conditions, subjects were asked to match a voice to one of two (unimodal) speaking point-light faces on the basis of speaker identity. Two of these conditions were designed to maintain the idiosyncratic speech dynamics of the speakers, whereas three of the conditions deleted or distorted the dynamics in various ways. Some of these conditions also equated video frames across dynamically correct and distorted movements. The results revealed generally better matching performance in the conditions that maintained the correct speech dynamics than in those conditions that did not, despite containing exactly the same video frames. The results suggest that visible speech movements themselves can support cross-modal speaker matching. 相似文献
176.
Lawrence T. DeCarlo 《Journal of mathematical psychology》2010,54(3):304-313
Basic results for conditional means and variances, as well as distributional results, are used to clarify the similarities and differences between various extensions of signal detection theory (SDT). It is shown that a previously presented motivation for the unequal variance SDT model (varying strength) actually leads to a related, yet distinct, model. The distinction has implications for other extensions of SDT, such as models with criteria that vary over trials. It is shown that a mixture extension of SDT is also consistent with unequal variances, but provides a different interpretation of the results; mixture SDT also offers a way to unify results found across several types of studies. 相似文献
177.
Sungho Choi 《Philosophia》2010,38(3):579-588
This paper discusses Lee’s argument that Lewis’s reformed conditional analysis of dispositions is preferable to the simple
conditional analysis of dispositions. Lee’s argument is basically that there are some examples that can be adequately handled
by Lewis’s analysis but cannot by the simple conditional analysis of dispositions. But I will reveal that, when carefully
understood, they spell no trouble for the simple conditional analysis of dispositions, failing to serve a motivating role
for Lewis’s analysis. 相似文献
178.
Lawrence T. DeCarlo 《应用心理检测》2021,45(6):423
A model for multiple-choice exams is developed from a signal-detection perspective. A correct alternative in a multiple-choice exam can be viewed as being a signal embedded in noise (incorrect alternatives). Examinees are assumed to have perceptions of the plausibility of each alternative, and the decision process is to choose the most plausible alternative. It is also assumed that each examinee either knows or does not know each item. These assumptions together lead to a signal detection choice model for multiple-choice exams. The model can be viewed, statistically, as a mixture extension, with random mixing, of the traditional choice model, or similarly, as a grade-of-membership extension. A version of the model with extreme value distributions is developed, in which case the model simplifies to a mixture multinomial logit model with random mixing. The approach is shown to offer measures of item discrimination and difficulty, along with information about the relative plausibility of each of the alternatives. The model, parameters, and measures derived from the parameters are compared to those obtained with several commonly used item response theory models. An application of the model to an educational data set is presented. 相似文献
179.
Lawrence Klippenstein 《宗教、国家与社会》2013,41(3):282-291
Die ukrainische katholische Kirche (The Ukrainian Catholic Church) 2nd expanded edition Munich: Kirche in Not, 1989.165pp. Die römisch‐katholische Kirche in der Sowjetunion (The Roman Catholic Church in the Soviet Union) Munich: Kirche in Not, 1989.143 pp. Tserkva v Ruyini — Church in Ruins. The Demise of Ukrainian Churches in the Eparchy of Peremyshl by Oleh Wolodymyr Iwanusiw, Shevchenko Scientific Society Ukrainian Studies Volume 56. Ontario: St Sophia Religious Association of Ukrainian Catholics in Canada, 1987. Parallel text in English and Ukrainian. 350 pp. Áron Márton a lelkiismeret apostola (Áron Márton, the Apostle of Conscience) compiled by László Virt. Budapest: Ecclesia, 1988. Paperback, 262 pp., 85 Ft. 相似文献
180.
When participants confuse the position of items in immediate serial recall, they tend to recall transposed items too early rather than too late. This asymmetry of transposition errors was observed in four experiments. It increased as a function of list length, but was independent of report order, output position, cueing condition, and recall mode. The transposition asymmetry is consistent with error patterns in free recall and in regular speech production where transpositions are usually forward‐looking. The asymmetry of transposition errors is discussed in terms of models of serial memory. 相似文献