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931.
Robert D. Friedberg Laura H. Wilt 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2010,28(2):100-113
Despite the recent proliferation of material on cognitive behavioral approaches with children and adolescents and the call
for these approaches to be more child-friendly, there is scant attention paid to the use of metaphors with youngsters. This
paper emphasizes the value metaphors add to cognitive behavioral therapy with children and adolescents. The advantages which
recommend metaphor use for cognitive behavioral therapy with children are delineated. Further, seven guidelines for clinical
practice are outlined. Examples of both clinician-generated and patient-generated metaphors are also presented. 相似文献
932.
Dr Marjorie J. Hogan James D. A. Parker Judith Wiener Carolyn Watters Laura M. Wood Amber Oke 《Australian journal of psychology》2010,62(1):30-41
The objective of this study was to examine, by gender, whether emotional intelligence (EI), peer social support, and/or family social support partially mediated the influence of verbal IQ on Grade 10 grade point average (GPA) for 192 students (96 male, 96 female). For male students, EI and peer social support predicted GPA and EI mediated the association between verbal IQ and GPA. For female students, EI, peer social support, and family support predicted GPA but did not mediate the association between verbal IQ and GPA. This study further examined whether subscales of EI (intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, and stress management abilities), peer social support and family social support (emotional, socialising, practical, financial, and advice) added to the prediction of GPA after verbal IQ, gender, and socioeconomic status were controlled. Adaptability, stress management and practical family social support each added to the explanation of variability. None of the peer social support subscales predicted additional variance in GPA. 相似文献
933.
934.
935.
Investigations of multiple-object tracking aim to further our understanding of how people perform common activities such as driving in traffic. However, tracking tasks in the laboratory have overlooked a crucial component of much real-world object tracking: self-motion. We investigated the hypothesis that keeping track of one’s own movement impairs the ability to keep track of other moving objects. Participants attempted to track multiple targets while either moving around the tracking area or remaining in a fixed location. Participants’ tracking performance was impaired when they moved to a new location during tracking, even when they were passively moved and when they did not see a shift in viewpoint. Self-motion impaired multiple-object tracking in both an immersive virtual environment and a real-world analog, but did not interfere with a difficult non-spatial tracking task. These results suggest that people use a common mechanism to track changes both to the location of moving objects around them and to keep track of their own location. 相似文献
936.
Laura Francis-Gladney Nace R. Magner Robert B. Welker 《Journal of applied social psychology》2010,40(1):182-194
In a situation indicating possible pseudo-participation, we examined whether outcome favorability affects perceived procedural fairness and resentment as a result of self-serving attributions for outcomes. Laboratory participants received a production target that was either substantially above (i.e., unfavorable outcome) or substantially below (i.e., favorable outcome) a target they had voiced to a supervisor. As hypothesized, outcome favorability was related to procedural fairness (positively) and resentment (negatively) among participants who lacked persuasive evidence of pseudo-participation. In support of the idea that these effects were a result of self-serving attributions, rather than instrumental concerns, they did not emerge among participants who had persuasive evidence of pseudo-participation. 相似文献
937.
Daphne B. Bugental David Beaulieu Erin Fowler Eileen O'Brien Laura Cayan 《Journal of applied social psychology》2010,40(6):1385-1399
Young adults with (or without) a history of medical or physical disorders (MPDs) were exposed to repeated laboratory stress. The effects of MPD status on habituation (as measured by changing levels of cortisol) were found to be moderated by the extent to which respondents reported “attachment feelings” in their relationships (as measured by the Social Provisions Scale). Students in the MPD group who reported attachment feelings showed (a) cortisol increases during their first exposure to a laboratory stressor; and (b) cortisol decreases during a second exposure to the same stressor 1 week later. No equivalent benefit was found for students who lacked this medical history. Findings suggest the extent to which medical adversity—under the right interpersonal circumstances—promotes resilience. 相似文献
938.
In a recognition memory experiment, Mickes, Wixted, and Wais (2007) reported that distributional statistics computed from
ratings made using a 20-point confidence scale (which showed that the standard deviation of the ratings made to lures was
approximately 0.80 times that of the targets) essentially matched the distributional statistics estimated indirectly by fitting
a Gaussian signal-detection model to the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). We argued that the parallel results serve
to increase confidence in the Gaussian unequal-variance model of recognition memory. Rouder, Pratte, and Morey (2010) argue
that the results are instead uninformative. In their view, parametric models of latent memory strength are not empirically
distinguishable. As such, they argue, our conclusions are arbitrary, and parametric ROC analysis should be abandoned. In an
attempt to demonstrate the inherent untestability of parametric models, they describe a non-Gaussian equal-variance model
that purportedly accounts for our findings just as well as the Gaussian unequal-variance model does. However, we show that
their new model—despite being contrived after the fact and in full view of the to-be-explained data—does not account for the
results as well as the unequal-variance Gaussian model does. This outcome manifestly demonstrates that parametric models are,
in fact, testable. Moreover, the results differentially favor the Gaussian account over the probit model and over several
other reasonable distributional forms (such as the Weibull and the lognormal). 相似文献
939.
Megan Benoit Ratcliff Ronald L. Blount Laura L. Mee 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2010,17(2):116-124
The aim of the present study was to assess adolescent renal transplant recipients’ perceived adversity (PA) for various aspects
of living with a transplant, including its association with coping and medication non-adherence, from a theoretical perspective.
Thirty-three adolescent renal transplant recipients were interviewed using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews.
Health care provider ratings of adversity were also collected. Participants reported moderate levels of PA, with those who
received a transplant at an older age reporting more adversity on several domains and girls reporting more adversity for missing
school. Ratings of adversity for specific aspects of living with a transplant differed depending on age and medical factors
and were related to specific coping strategies and measures of non-adherence. Consistent with the Self-Regulation Model, perceived
consequences (represented as PA) appears to be related to coping and illness outcomes. Assessing PA and teaching appropriate
coping strategies may yield better medical outcomes among this at-risk population. 相似文献
940.
Adult colour preference has been summarized quantitatively in terms of weights on the two fundamental neural processes that underlie early colour encoding: the S−(L+M) (‘blue–yellow’) and L−M (‘red–green’) cone‐opponent contrast channels ( Ling, Hurlbert & Robinson, 2006 ; Hurlbert & Ling, 2007 ). Here, we investigate whether colour preference in 4–5‐month‐olds may be analysed in the same way. We recorded infants’ eye‐movements in response to pairwise presentations of eight colour stimuli varying only in hue. Infants looked longest at reddish and shortest at greenish hues. Analyses revealed that the L−M and S−(L+M) contrast between stimulus colour and background explained around half of the variation in infant preference across the hue spectrum. Unlike adult colour preference patterns, there was no evidence for sex differences in the weights on either of the cone‐opponent contrast components. The findings provide a quantitative model of infant colour preference that summarizes variation in infant preference across hues. 相似文献