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991.
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and the Regulation of Emotion in the Second Half of Life 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Far more attention has been paid to emotion regulation in childhood than in adulthood and old age. However, a growing body of empirical research suggests that the emotion domain is largely spared from deleterious processes associated with aging and points instead to developmental gains in later life. By applying tenets from socioemotional selectivity theory, we attempt to explain the observed gains in terms of motivation. We argue that age is associated with increasing motivation to derive emotional meaning from life and decreasing motivation to expand one's horizons. These changes lead to age differences in social and environmental choices (consistent with antecedent emotion regulation), coping (consistent with response-focused regulation), and cognitive processing of positive and negative information (consistent with goal-directed attention and memory). Broader implications for life-span development are discussed. 相似文献
992.
Andrew J. Weaver Kevin J. Flannelly Laura T. Flannelly Julia E. Oppenheimer 《Counseling and values》2003,47(3):162-171
Given the frontline role of community clergy in mental health care, this study examined how collaboration with clergy was viewed by mental health and other health professionals outside of the religious community. Searches of health care journals on Medline and PsycINFO yielded 44 articles from non‐religious journals from 1980 through 1999 that specifically addressed collaboration between clergy and mental health professionals. Seven themes were identified through content analysis, including the benefits of collaboration to each profession, the need to increase the clergy's knowledge about mental heath, and the importance of referrals. Discussion about interdisciplinary referrals significantly increased over time, rø (1, N = 44) = .31, p < .05). 相似文献
993.
Corwin Smidt Sue Crawford Melissa Deckman Donald Gray Dan Hofrenning Laura Olson Sherrie Steiner Beau Weston 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2003,42(4):515-532
This study examines clergy across six mainline Protestant denominations in terms of their social characteristics, their theological positions, and their political attitudes and behavior. The analysis is based on data collected through random surveys of clergy in each denomination conducted in 2001 using the same instrument. The predominant focus of the article is on the nature and level of political activities exhibited by mainline Protestant clergy in the election year of 2000. The analysis revealed that mainline Protestant clergy are indeed relatively active politically, but that, despite their commonality of belonging to the same broad religious tradition, the nature and level of such political activities varies across the six denominations. Variation in the level of political activity is related to a number of different variables. And, while multivariate analysis reduces the number of significant factors that account for such differences, the remaining significant factors are associated with each of the major theoretical approaches that have been advanced to account for differences in participation levels. 相似文献
994.
Melissa M. Deckman Sue E. S. Crawford Laura R. Olson John C. Green 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2003,42(4):621-631
Using data from a new survey of mainline Protestant clergy, we explore the extent to which a political gender gap exists between male and female mainline Protestant ministers. Analysis reveals major partisan, ideological, attitudinal, and participatory disparities among clergymen and clergywomen. Women are far more liberal than their male counterparts, and even though they face the constraint of being a professional minority, clergywomen tend to participate in politics at higher rates than clergymen. 相似文献
995.
Peter J. Bieling Laura J. Summerfeldt Anne L. Israeli Martin M. Antony 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2004,26(3):193-201
Understanding comorbidity is an important challenge for psychopathology researchers and diagnostic systems given the repeated finding of very high comorbidity rates among Axis I disorders in psychiatric samples. This paper proposes that perfectionism may be a critical factor for understanding levels of comorbidity, and a conceptual argument for the importance of perfectionism as an explanatory construct for comorbidity is advanced. The link between perfectionism and comorbidity in a large sample of patients (N = 345) who attended an anxiety disorders clinic is examined using a variety of methods. Diagnoses were established using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV), and perfectionism was assessed using both the Hewitt and Flett and Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scales. Overall, scores on both the Hewitt and Flett and Frost perfectionism scales were correlated with the number of diagnoses, and a logistic regression analysis, controlling for current symptoms, showed that maladaptive evaluative concerns perfectionism in particular predicted higher levels of comorbidity. 相似文献
996.
Pasquale Rinaldi Laura Barca Cristina Burani 《Behavior research methods, instruments & computers》2004,36(3):525-530
The CFVlexvar.xls database includes imageability, frequency, and grammatical properties of the first words acquired by Italian children. For each of 519 words that are known by children 18-30 months of age (taken from Caselli & Casadio's, 1995, Italian version of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory), new values of imageability are provided and values for age of acquisition, child written frequency, and adult written and spoken frequency are included. In this article, correlations among the variables are discussed and the words are grouped into grammatical categories. The results show that words acquired early have imageable referents, are frequently used in the texts read and written by elementary school children, and are frequent in adult written and spoken language. Nouns are acquired earlier and are more imageable than both verbs and adjectives. The composition in grammatical categories of the child's first vocabulary reflects the composition of adult vocabulary. The full set of these norms can be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive/. 相似文献
997.
Victoria E. White Kress Brandy L. Kelly Laura J. McCormick 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2004,82(2):185-190
This article examines the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of trichotillomania (the recurrent desire to pull out one's hair). The authors provide a brief review both of proposed etiologies of trichotillomania and of the diagnostic and assessment issues related to this disorder, and they discuss interventions and treatments that have been shown to be most efficacious when working with clients diagnosed with trichotillomania. 相似文献
998.
Using a signal detection paradigm, participants’ sensitivity to emotionally toned stimuli was evaluated in five experiments.
A tachistoscope was used to present stimuli to one hemisphere at a time, too rapidly for conscious identification. Pictures,
words, and faces were pretested for emotional valence and familiarity. Stimulus selection was based on obtaining the largest
possible difference between the positive and negative valence ratings, keeping familiarity equal. Each experiment used a 2×2×2
mixed groups design. The within-subject variables were the hemispheric presentation (right and left) and the emotional tone
of the stimuli (positive and negative). Gender of the participant was the between-subjects variable. The results of these
studies indicate greater sensitivity in the right than in the left hemisphere, and greater sensitivity to positive than to
negative stimuli. Interpretations focus on the automatization of affect and the brain lateralization of emotional processing. 相似文献
999.
The current experiment explored the effect of activating a counterfactual mind‐set on the discussion of unique information and group judgment accuracy. Evidence suggests that a counterfactual mind‐set is characterized by a focused, analytic mental state and, when activated at the group level, improves group judgment accuracy in the murder mystery paradigm (a hidden profile task). We hypothesized that the beneficial effect of the counterfactual mind‐set would only help group problem‐solving tasks if the mind‐set had been activated at the group level, allowing the analytical mind‐set to play out in an atmosphere of synergistic coordination. In contrast, if this highly focused mental state is activated at the individual level, it could impair group judgment quality because inwardly focused analytical individuals may fail to coordinate their behavior with other group members. Consistent with our hypothesis, activating a counterfactual mind‐set at the individual level had a debilitating effect on the group judgment task, whereas activating a counterfactual mind‐set at the group level had a facilitative effect, increasing information sharing, synergistic coordination and judgment accuracy. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
1000.
The CFVlexvar.xls database includes imageability, frequency, and grammatical properties of the first words acquired by Italian
children. For each of 519 words that are known by children 18–30 months of age (taken from Caselli & Casadio’s, 1995, Italian
version of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory), new values of imageability are provided and values for age
of acquisition, child written frequency, and adult written and spoken frequency are included. In this article, correlations
among the variables are discussed and the words are grouped into grammatical categories. The results show that words acquired
early have imageable referents, are frequently used in the texts read and written by elementary school children, and are frequent
in adult written and spoken language. Nouns are acquired earlier and are more imageable than both verbs and adjectives. The
composition in grammatical categories of the child’s first vocabulary reflects the composition of adult vocabulary. The full
set of these norms can be downloaded fromwww.psychonomic.org/archive/. 相似文献