排序方式: 共有86条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Matz Larsson 《Animal cognition》2015,18(5):993-1005
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Maria Larsson Lars Nyberg Lars Bäckman Lars-Göran Nilsson 《Journal of Adult Development》2003,10(2):67-73
The ability to benefit from various kinds of cognitive support in episodic memory was studied in a population-based sample of healthy adults aged 35–80 years (N = 1,000). The participants studied pictures of faces and names of 10-year-old children with instructions to remember the faces and the surnames. After study, an implicit name stem-completion test was administered, followed by face- and name-recognition tests. There was a negative age effect across all task variables. Across age, recognition was higher for faces than for names. An age-invariant positive effect of intention to learn was observed. Also, name completion and recognition performance showed a positive relationship across the adult life span. Overall, the results are in agreement with the views that (a) age-related episodic memory deficits are highly generalizable and (b) effects of cognitive support on memory are typically of equal size across the adult life span. 相似文献
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To assess satisfaction with life as a whole and with ten domains of life satisfaction in Swedish persons with late effects
of polio, to describe the relationship with sex, age, marital status, use of mobility aids and self-perceived needs of instrumental
support, and to compare the level of life satisfaction with a Swedish reference sample. A cross-sectional study of 160 persons
with verified late effects of polio answered a postal questionnaire including the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LiSat-11).
A majority were to some degree satisfied with life as a whole and with all the ten domains of life satisfaction. Satisfaction
with life as whole was not related to any of the sociodemographic or disability related factors and these factors had few
relations to the ten domains of life satisfaction. The respondents were significantly less satisfied with life as a whole
and with vocation, leisure, sexual life, activities of daily living, and somatic and psychological health compared to the
Swedish reference sample, but were significantly more satisfied with economy and contacts with friends. Men and women with
late effects of polio, regardless of age, marital status or disability, can experience a reduced life satisfaction. This emphasises
the need to identify potential gaps between these persons’ aspirations and achievements in life and carry out appropriate
rehabilitation interventions to enhance their life satisfaction. 相似文献
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This study reviews empirical evidence for Moghaddam's model "Staircase to Terrorism," which portrays terrorism as a process of six consecutive steps culminating in terrorism. An extensive literature search, where 2,564 publications on terrorism were screened, resulted in 38 articles which were subject to further analysis. The results showed that while most of the theories and processes linked to Moghaddam's model are supported by empirical evidence, the proposed transitions between the different steps are not. These results may question the validity of a linear stepwise model and may suggest that a combination of mechanisms/factors could combine in different ways to produce terrorism. 相似文献
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We examined recollective experience as a function of sex for olfactory and verbal information. In the first study, men and women studied a set of highly familiar odors with incidental or intentional encoding instructions. In the second study, participants were presented with a number of sentences. At recognition, participants indicated whether their positive response was based on conscious recollection (remembering), a feeling of familiarity (knowing), or guessing. The results indicated that recollection was higher among women than men, and that familiarity-based recognition was equally large across sex for both types of information.The finding that the sex-related experiential difference disappeared when controlling for verbal proficiency suggests that sex-related differences in activating verbal information play an important role for sex differences in recollective experience. 相似文献
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Olfaction and emotion: The case of autobiographical memory 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This study investigated (1) the influence of verbal and conceptual processing on the retrieval and phenomenological evaluation of olfactory evoked memories, and (2) whether the experienced qualities of retrieved information are affected by olfactory exposure per se. Seventy-two older adults were randomized into one of three cue conditions (odor only, name only, or odor name) and asked to relate any autobiographical event for the given cue. The results indicated that semantic knowledge of an odor's name significantly affects the age distribution of memories such that the memory peak in childhood observed for odors only was attenuated. Also, experiential factors such as pleasantness and feelings of being brought back in time were lower when odors were presented with their respective names. Olfactory evoked memories were associated with a higher emotional arousal that could not be accounted for by the perceptual stimulation alone. Taken together, the overall pattern of findings suggests that retrieval of olfactory evoked information is sensitive to semantic and conceptual processing, and that odor-evoked representations are more emotional than memories triggered by verbal information. 相似文献
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