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151.
Suarez-Balcazar Y Redmond L Kouba J Hellwig M Davis R Martinez LI Jones L 《American journal of community psychology》2007,39(3-4):335-345
A major public health crisis facing America’s society is the increase in child and youth obesity, which has seen a fourfold
increase in the last four decades. Major concerns include what children eat for school lunch and what other foods are available
in schools. This paper illustrates efforts towards systems change in the luncheon program and food vending machines in the
Chicago Public Schools. We discuss the different factors that lead to such changes using the framework of the social ecological
model and the soft systems methodology, and we analyze how the resulting innovation was implemented and evaluated. First,
we present a theoretical perspective to explain factors that influence children’s eating patterns from a systems approach.
Second, we discuss the antecedent factors that lead to systems change. Finally, we examine challenges to systems change, such
as resistance to change, different stakeholder priorities, lack of resources, institutional bureaucracy, and unrealistic funder
expectations. 相似文献
152.
Patrick H. Munley Monica Thiagarajan Sharon Carney Lara Preacco Melissa Lidderdale 《Counselling psychology quarterly》2007,20(4):341-360
This study investigated the relationship of identity development, measured by the Self-Identity Inventory (SII), universal-diverse orientation (UDO), measured by the Miville-Guzman Universality-Diversity Scale- Short (M-GUDS-S), to counsellor preference in a sample of 365 university students. After controlling for personal identity demographic variables, multiple regression analysis indicated SII and UDO accounted for significant additional variance in counsellor preference with Immersion (SII Scale 3), Relativistic Appreciation (MGUDS-S Subscale 2) and Comfort with Differences (MGUDS-S Subscale 3), identified as significant unique predictors. A canonical correlation analysis performed with 11 individual counsellor preference variables as criterion variables and 9 identity salience variables as predictor variables to explore the relationships between identity salience and counsellor preference yielded three significant canonical functions. 相似文献
153.
Siegel SD Molton I Penedo FJ Llabre MM Kinsinger DP Traeger L Schneiderman N Antoni MH 《Journal of personality assessment》2007,89(3):303-309
Prostate carcinoma (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Treatments for localized PC are associated with side effects including sexual dysfunction, which has been linked to decrements in health-related quality of life and elevated distress levels. In this study, we examined the relationship between 2 personality traits, interpersonal sensitivity and lack of sociability, assessed by the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP; Pilkonis, Kim, Proietti, & Barkham, 1996) and recovery of sexual functioning in 121 men (M age = 60.6 years) recently treated with radical prostatectomy. Interpersonal sensitivity refers to the predisposition to perceive and elicit criticism and rejection from others; lack of sociability refers to chronic difficulties taking the initiative in interpersonal situations. After adjusting for relevant covariates, interpersonal sensitivity, but not sociability, was significantly associated with lower levels of sexual functioning. Patient-physician communication and partner perceived social support were explored as mediators of this relationship. Although interpersonal sensitivity was significantly associated with both poorer patient-physician communication and lower levels of partner support, the results did not support mediation. This study provides preliminary evidence that certain IIP-assessed interpersonal styles may complicate the recovery of sexual functioning after surgical treatment for PC. 相似文献
154.
This study integrated research on aggression, peer status, and social and academic functioning across the middle- and high-school transitions. We examined how peer status and aggression are related to adolescents' expectations about their academic and social functioning in a new school system before the transition into that system, and their perceived academic and social functioning after the transition. Social preference, perceived popularity, overt and relational aggression, and social and academic expectations were assessed in Grades 5 and 8; identical peer status and aggression constructs and perceived social and academic functioning were assessed in Grades 6 and 9. Results indicated moderate correlations between adolescents' social and academic expectations and perceived functioning across both school transitions. Girls reported higher social and academic functioning than boys did in most cases. Perceived popularity was consistently positively associated with academic and social expectations for middle and high school, whereas social preference was associated with perceived social functioning in both middle school and high school. The link between aggression and outcome variables varied by age and was moderated by gender and peer status. 相似文献
155.
Lara Honos-Webb 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2009,39(1):65-71
This article proposes four revolutions in psychotherapy. The first revolution invites therapists to focus on building client’s
strengths rather than patching up weaknesses. The second revolution proposes a technique of translating symptoms into gifts.
The third revolution invites therapists to consider alternative goals of psychotherapy other than returning the client to
previous levels of functioning. Finally, the fourth revolution challenges the dictum of psychotherapy training that therapists
should only teach their clients how to fish, metaphorically speaking, rather than giving them fish. Case studies are offered
focusing particularly on clients diagnosed with Major Depression and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. 相似文献
156.
Bernard Philippe Content Joanne Servais Lara Wollast Robin Gervais Sarah 《Sex roles》2020,83(5-6):315-327
Sex Roles - Objectification theory suggests that sexualization has significant dehumanizing consequences for how perceivers see women. To date, research has mostly documented how sexualized bodies... 相似文献
157.
Sjoerd van Halem Eeske van Roekel Lara Kroencke Niclas Kuper Jaap Denissen 《欧洲人格杂志》2020,34(5):794-807
To sample situations that are psychologically arousing in daily life, we implemented an experience sampling strategy in which 82 Dutch young adults (Mage = 20.73) were triggered based on random time intervals and based on physiological skin conductance scores across a period of 5 days. When triggered, participants had to fill in short surveys on affect, situational characteristics and event characteristics on their smartphone. We found theoretically expected relationships between the skin conductance signal on the one hand and self-reported arousal and positive energy (e.g. energetic and enthusiastic) on the other hand, although effect sizes were small. Unexpectedly, none of the negative affective scales (i.e. irritation, anxiety, and negative valence) were predicted by skin conductance levels. Despite the (partial) validity of the signal, a simple algorithm that triggered the survey based on relative increases of skin conductance levels produced counterintuitive results due to a dependence between level and slope. Additional exploratory analyses highlighted other skin conductance signal characteristics (i.e. autocorrelation, number of peaks, and change points) that might be worth examining when designing future algorithms to sample arousing moments. Overall, our experiences highlight not only the promise but also the complexity of real-time measurement of physiological processes in daily life. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
158.
Susan K. Theut Howard A. Moss Martha J. Zaslow Beth A. Rabinovich Lara Levin John J. Bartko 《Infant mental health journal》1992,13(2):157-166
Twenty-five mothers who had experienced a previous perinatal loss and a comparison group of 30 nonloss mothers completed the Maternal Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ) and the Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale (MSAS) when their children were 16 months old. The purposes of the study were to describe and evaluate the development of a new measure (the MAQ) and to examine the hypothesis that mothers who experienced a perinatal loss would express (a) more concern about the subsequent child's health, (b) more investment in the child, and (c) heightened concern about maternal-child differentiation/separation in comparison to nonloss mothers. The results showed that the MAQ had good internal consistency. None of the three factors of the MSAS differentiated between the two groups of mothers while two subscales of the MAQ did: (1) Maternal Concern with Child's Health and (2) Maternal Concern with Differentiation. Mothers who had experienced a perinatal loss thus expressed more concerns about their children's physical well-being and more concerns about differentiating from their child than mothers who had not had a perinatal loss. 相似文献
159.
In this article, we examine how consumers assess product quality when confronted with multiple cues. Based on cue diagnosticity, a conceptual framework is developed that differentiates between cue types and suggests that the diagnosticity of some cue types depends on the valence of other cue types in the environment. The cue diagnosticity framework is then used to assess the effects of manufacturer reputation, retailer reputation, and product warranty on consumer perceptions of product quality. Consistent with the conceptual framework, we find in 2 studies that warranty is not used in judgments of product quality when a manufacturer with a poor reputation sells directly to consumers or sells through a retailer with a poor reputation. However, when the same manufacturer sells through a reputed retailer, then the warranty is used in making quality evaluations. The results not only support the conceptual framework, but also highlight the important role that the retailer plays in assessments of product quality. The implications of the findings are discussed along with directions for future research. 相似文献
160.