Empirically derived job characteristics measures and the motivating potential score

The relationship of job satisfaction to empirically derived measures of job perceptions originally investigated by Zaccaro and Stone (1988) and to measures of the job from the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS: Hackman & Old-ham, 1975) was investigated. The multiplicative nature of the JDS scales forming the Motivating Potential Score (MPS) was tested. The extent to which job satisfaction mediated the relationship between job perceptions and intent to leave was explored using a path analysis. The empirically derived measures of Zacarro and Stone were found to account for a significant increment in variance in the case of satisfaction with work itself, but not with overall satisfaction or satisfaction with other job facets. No evidence for the multiplicative formulation of the MPS was found. Both perception of job danger and a linear composite motivating potential scale exhibited direct effects on intent to leave not mediated by job satisfaction.This paper is based, in part, on a Master's thesis by Michelle Hinton under the direction of Michael Biderman.     

Characterization of the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant (SIPAT) in Lung Transplant Candidates

The SIPAT is a standardized measure for pre-transplant psychosocial evaluation. Previous SIPAT studies utilized a relatively small lung transplant sample and only included listed patients. This study characterized the SIPAT in 147 lung transplant candidates to better elucidate its utility. The average score corresponded to a minimally acceptable rating and nearly half of the patients had relative or absolute contraindications. Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) patients scored more favorably than non-ILD patients (U?=?7.69, p?<?.05). The Total (β?=?? .05, SE?=?.018, p?<?.01), Social Support Subscale (β?=?? .133, SE?=?.058, p?<?.05), and Psychosocial Stability and Psychopathology Subscale (β?=?? .103, SE?=?.040, p?<?.05) significantly predicted listing status. The SIPAT has a unique profile in lung transplant candidates and demonstrated utility for guiding transplant decisions. Future research should examine which lung transplant outcomes are significantly associated with SIPAT scores.

     

Acceptance and Mindfulness Techniques as Applied to Refugee and Ethnic Minority Populations With PTSD: Examples From "Culturally Adapted CBT"

In this article we illustrate how we utilize acceptance and mindfulness techniques in our treatment (Culturally Adapted CBT, or CA-CBT) for traumatized refugees and ethnic minority populations. We present a Nodal Network Model (NNM) of Affect to explain the treatment's emphasis on body-centered mindfulness techniques and its focus on psychological flexibility. We explain the definition of mindfulness that guides our treatment, and we outline a typology of mindfulness states and show how many of the techniques in our treatment can be analyzed by these categories. We argue that acceptance and mindfulness are therapeutic for refugees and minority populations for several reasons. These include their increasing psychological flexibility, decreasing somatic distress, decreasing rumination, serving as emotion regulation techniques, decreasing the attentional bias to threat, and forming part of a new adaptive processing mode (which in CA-CBT centers on psychological flexibility). We describe the specific ways we teach acceptance and mindfulness with Latino and Southeast Asian refugee populations and present case examples of the treatment of a traumatized Latino and Cambodian patient.     

Teaching 'origins of depth psychology': overview and candidate-members' experience

In 2002 the North Pacific Institute inaugurated a new seminar series on the 'origins of depth psychology' for incoming candidate-members. This approach emphasized the historical and cultural embeddedness of analytic theory, practice and institutions. The seminar was experienced as enlightening and freeing, as well as sometimes painfully disillusioning. The overall feedback indicated that it fostered an opening of creative space for their education as analysts. This paper describes the structure, and some of the rationale and process of the seminar. It includes firsthand expressions of the candidate-members' experiences.     

Sublexical or lexical effects on serial recall of nonwords?

S. E. Gathercole, C. R. Frankish, S. J. Pickering, and S. Peaker (1999) reported 2 experiments in which they manipulated phonotactic properties of nonword stimuli and observed the effects on serial recall. Their results show superior recall for items consisting of more frequent phoneme pairs (biphone frequency). Biphone frequency was counted as the number of 3 phoneme words in which the phoneme pair occurs. In the first experiment of the current article, the authors made the same manipulation while controlling for the number of lexical neighbors and found no effect of biphone frequency. In the second experiment, the authors manipulated neighborhood size while controlling biphone frequency and found a significant effect of neighborhood size. The authors argued that serial recall of nonwords is influenced by lexical rather than sublexical knowledge.     

Ethics of neuroimaging in pediatric development

Neuroimaging in pediatrics is accompanied by all the ethical dilemmas associated with neuroimaging in adults, magnified significantly. The defining characteristics of childhood make working ethically with the population particularly problematic. Children have not developed the rational capabilities necessary to make informed decisions and the variability and change associated with development contribute to heightened risks and/or benefits of any procedure and limit interpretation of data. As a consequence, fewer pediatric than adult neuroimaging research studies have been done, further limiting general knowledge of the field. Significant strides have been made just within the past few years with the collection of normative data sets of healthy children. Recommendations on how to proceed with pediatric neuroimaging studies while ensuring ethical treatment of the participants are presented.