Turning a blind eye: Meritocracy moderates the impacts of social status on corruption perception

Findings on the effect of social status on corruption perception are mixed. To make sense of the mixed results, three studies were conducted to examine whether meritocracy moderates this effect. In Study 1, we measured all variables using a questionnaire-based correlational design. In the preregistered Study 2, we adopted an experimental design in which we manipulated social status using a false feedback paradigm and measured corruption perception and meritocracy. In Study 3, we manipulated meritocracy using a scrambled sentence task and measured its effect on the relationship between social status and corruption perception. The results consistently demonstrated that meritocracy could moderate the influence of social status on corruption perception. Specifically, social status was negatively associated with corruption perception when meritocracy was weak, whereas the association was not significant when meritocracy was strong. Our results suggest that meritocracy critically affects acknowledgment of the pervasiveness of social injustice and even deters the disadvantaged from fighting against corruption.     

汉字饱和现象:证据、因素与展望

长时间注视某个字后,人们会产生一种这个字变得陌生或者开始解体的感觉,这是一种文字饱和现象。汉字作为表意的方块字,汉字饱和现象以及发生阶段得到了研究者的高度关注。该文首先梳理介绍了汉字饱和现象的证据与发生阶段,其次,总结了汉字饱和现象的影响因素,包括语义加工深度、实验材料的重复次数、实验材料类型等,最后,基于汉字饱和的发生阶段和影响因素,该文认为未来研究可以在汉语二语学习者的汉字饱和现象、语义饱和与字形饱和的进一步分离以及汉字作为实验材料的进一步挖掘等方面做更加深入的探讨。     

Replies to comments on "Which method delivers greater signal-to-noise ratio: Structural equation modelling or regression analysis with weighted composites?" by Yuan and Fang (2023)

Observational data typically contain measurement errors. Covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) is capable of modelling measurement errors and yields consistent parameter estimates. In contrast, methods of regression analysis using weighted composites as well as a partial least squares approach to SEM facilitate the prediction and diagnosis of individuals/participants. But regression analysis with weighted composites has been known to yield attenuated regression coefficients when predictors contain errors. Contrary to the common belief that CB-SEM is the preferred method for the analysis of observational data, this article shows that regression analysis via weighted composites yields parameter estimates with much smaller standard errors, and thus corresponds to greater values of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, the SNR for the regression coefficient via the least squares (LS) method with equally weighted composites is mathematically greater than that by CB-SEM if the items for each factor are parallel, even when the SEM model is correctly specified and estimated by an efficient method. Analytical, numerical and empirical results also show that LS regression using weighted composites performs as well as or better than the normal maximum likelihood method for CB-SEM under many conditions even when the population distribution is multivariate normal. Results also show that the LS regression coefficients become more efficient when considering the sampling errors in the weights of composites than those that are conditional on weights.     

镇海寺碑文

~~镇海寺碑文@爱新觉罗·玄烨 @文远     

家庭收入与高中生幸福感:社会支持与性别因素的作用

为探讨家庭收入与幸福观的关系，并着力考察性别和社会支持在其中所起的作用，该研究采用家庭收入问卷、社会支持评价量表和总体幸福感量表对520名高中生进行调查，结果发现：（1）高中生家庭收入可显著正向预测总体幸福感；社会支持在两者间起完全中介作用。（2）性别因素对社会支持在家庭收入与总体幸福感之间的中介效应具有调节作用。家庭收入显著正向预测女生的社会支持，而对男生社会支持的预测不显著。研究结果揭示了家庭收入对幸福感的作用机制，可为高中生幸福感提升提供有益指导。     

徐灵府与上清派南岳天台系

徐灵府，号默希子，钱塘天目山人，“通儒学，无意于名利。”关于他的生卒时问，今天所见到的历史文献资料中皆无具体的记载，仅能推测出他大约的生存年代。据《历世真仙体道通鉴》所言，徐灵府在唐武宗会吕初曾被征诏，但因“衰槁”而“免命”。     

庄子思想与唯识学

以唯识学思想为主线,结合西方笛卡儿、洛克、康德等人的哲学学说,对庄子思想内在逻辑中所具备的色境唯识思想、主体意识思想、现象界和本体界沟通的二重世界思想,进行揭显;确立庄子思想在认识论史上的应有地位.     

论新文化运动时期胡适的国民性改造思想

新文化运动时期,胡适始终坚持从作为文明主体的人(国民)的角度探求民族复兴国家崛起的根本道路,也即其反复强调的"为祖国造不能亡之因",国民素质的时代性转换构成了胡适文化思想的逻辑主线。本文阐述了胡适从"新民"到"立人"的国民性改造思想转换的逻辑,揭示了胡适所试图建构的符合工业文明时代要求的文明主体的素质结构及其建构途径和方式。     

晚清京师高僧静涵法师

静涵法师,原名刘昌涛,字静涵,俗称"蕖汀道人",祖籍江苏徐州铜山,其父刘道远,母亲曹氏。静涵法师,生于嘉庆二十二年(1817)八月初五日,在本邑吉祥庵出家,投达中师门下为徒;道光十七年(1830)来京师法源寺参学,受戒于信修和尚,受法于普照和尚。光绪七年(1881),静涵法师绘制《自题虚心图》,冯殿魁双钩并题诗及跋,吴春林刻石。