This article examines the role of message‐induced state empathy in persuasion. Message‐induced empathy is conceptualized as a perception–action process that consists of affective, cognitive, and associative components. Twenty professionally produced public service announcements (PSAs) were used as stimuli messages in a 2 (high vs. low empathy) × 2 (antismoking vs. drunk driving) × 5 (messages) mixed‐design quasi‐experimental study. The 289 participants were randomly assigned to each cell and watched five PSAs presented in a random sequence. Results showed that state empathy has unique contribution to predicting persuasion outcomes above and beyond the individual's affective and cognitive responses to the messages. In addition, state empathy also has an indirect effect on persuasion via mitigating psychological reactance.相似文献
Animal Cognition - Social comparison is a fundamental human characteristic; however, long-term social comparison may induce psychological stress and can lead to depression and anxiety. Recent... 相似文献
Two studies examined the impacts of experimentally induced anger and personality on appraisals of hypothetical stressors. Consistent with predictions Study 1 (N = 62) revealed that anger (compared to a neutral state) led to more optimistic appraisals of the stressors, and that those impacts were limited to appraisal dimensions known to evoke anger. Study 2 (N = 116) partially replicated these findings, and also revealed that personality moderated these effects such that the most optimistic appraisals emerged among the most extraverted and emotionally stable participants. These findings add to the extant work on the cognitive consequences of discrete emotions, integrate the affect, judgement, and personality literatures with appraisal theories of emotion, and suggest future research & directions. 相似文献
Researchers of person–job (P-J) misfit have suggested that newcomers who “misfit” with their job often perform poorly and eventually leave the organization. However, no known studies have examined ways to alleviate the negative impacts of newcomers’ P-J misfit. Based on the theory of work adjustment and the spillover model of person–environment fit, we explore whether newcomers’ fit with the social context (i.e. person–group [P-G] and person–organization [P-O] fit) and interpersonal relationships (i.e. person–mentor [P-M] and person–supervisor [P-S] fit) can buffer the detrimental outcomes of newcomers’ P-J misfit. Using data from two field studies with time-lag and multi-source research designs, the results consistently show that: (1) newcomers’ P-G fit buffered the positive relationship between their initial N–S misfit and subsequent actual turnover, (2) newcomers’ P-M fit buffered the negative relationship between their initial D-A misfit and subsequent task performance. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed. 相似文献
This study examines the spontaneous use of embodied egocentric transformation (EET) in understanding false beliefs in the minds of others. EET involves the participants mentally transforming or rotating themselves into the orientation of an agent when trying to adopt his or her visuospatial perspective. We argue that psychological perspective taking such as false belief reasoning may also involve EET because of what has been widely reported in the embodied cognition literature, showing that our processing of abstract, propositional information is often grounded in concrete bodily sensations which are not apparently linked to higher cognition. In Experiment 1, an agent placed a ball into one of two boxes and left. The ball then rolled out and moved either into the other box (new box) or back into the original one (old box). The participants were to decide from which box they themselves or the agent would try to recover the ball. Results showed that false belief performance was affected by increased orientation disparity between the participants and the agent, suggesting involvement of embodied transformation. In Experiment 2, false belief was similarly induced and the participants were to decide if the agent would try to recover the ball in one specific box. Orientation disparity was again found to affect false belief performance. The present results extend previous findings on EET in visuospatial perspective taking and suggest that false belief reasoning, which is a kind of psychological perspective taking, can also involve embodied rotation, consistent with the embodied cognition view. 相似文献
The author explored the relationship between internalized stereotyping, parental pressure, and parental support on major choices among 315 Asian American undergraduate and graduate students. Results indicated that parental support, but not parental pressure, toward certain majors was associated with more stereotypical major choices. In addition, internalization of academic and career stereotypes was associated with more stereotypical major choices. El autor exploró la relación entre los estereotipos internalizados, la presión de los padres y el apoyo de los padres en la elección de estudios universitarios de 315 estudiantes de grado y posgrado asiático‐americanos. Los resultados indicaron que el apoyo de los padres, pero no la presión de los padres, hacia ciertas carreras está asociado con elecciones de estudios más estereotípicos. También, la internalización de estereotipos académicos y de carrera laboral está asociada con elecciones de estudios más estereotípicos. 相似文献
Three experiments investigated listeners’ ability to use speech rhythm to attend selectively to a single target talker presented in multi-talker babble (Experiments 1 and 2) and in speech-shaped noise (Experiment 3). Participants listened to spoken sentences of the form “Ready [Call sign] go to [Color] [Number] now” and reported the Color and Number spoken by a target talker (cued by the Call sign “Baron”). Experiment 1 altered the natural rhythm of the target talker and background talkers for two-talker and six-talker backgrounds. Experiment 2 considered parametric rhythm alterations over a wider range, altering the rhythm of either the target or the background talkers. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed that altering the rhythm of the target talker, while keeping the rhythm of the background intact, reduced listeners’ ability to report the Color and Number spoken by the target talker. Conversely, altering the rhythm of the background talkers, while keeping the target rhythm intact, improved listeners ability to report the Color and Number spoken by the target talker. Experiment 3, which embedded the target talker in speech-shaped noise rather than multi-talker babble, similarly reduced recognition of the target sentence with increased alteration of the target rhythm. This pattern of results favors a dynamic-attending theory-based selective-entrainment hypothesis over a disparity-based segregation hypothesis and an increased salience hypothesis.