P240的语义距离效应

通过视觉呈现汉语双字词,在词汇决定实验中操纵启动词和目标词的语义距离,得到了一个对语义加工敏感的P240成分,它在头皮中央偏左的部位较早出现,头皮右侧的P240虽然出现较晚,但波幅较大,它可能是一种与汉语语义加工有关的新的ERP成分。     

元情绪的研究现状与展望

元情绪作为情绪智力的核心,是决定个体身心健康的必要条件.为系统考察元情绪的研究现状,采用定性和定量相结合的方式回顾以往研究,即先采用文献计量学的方法定量分析该领域研究的概况,然后在此基础上,对研究的具体内容从概念界定、测量工具和相关因素研究三个方面作进一步系统梳理.最后,对以往研究进行了总结和展望,为今后研究提供借鉴.     

依从行为研究述评

依从是社会心理学研究的重要内容,是个体接受社会影响的重要方式之一。个体应对社会影响的内在机制和外在方式主要由人类行为的三个基本目标所决定,即对环境做出准确的认知并指导自己的行为,发展和形成有意义的社会关系,保持自我概念的一致性。文章重点论述了依从获得情境中的个体在此三个基本目标的支配下所发生的细微的、间接的和无意识的心理过程。     

General Attitudes Towards Marriage Scale: Psychometric Properties in Malaysian Adolescents of Divorced Families

Attitudes towards marriage in adolescence may influence the relationship quality in later years. There exist many measures of attitudes towards marriage which were validated among adolescents from two-parent family in the Western context. There is a need to validate measure of attitudes towards marriage in different countries. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Malay version of general attitudes towards marriage scale in a sample of 480 adolescents from divorced families in Malaysia. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a two-factor structure of general attitudes towards marriage scale, which explained for 60% of the variance. Additionally, the two-factor structure of general attitudes towards marriage scale demonstrated good fit to data in the confirmatory factor analysis (non-normed fit index?=?.941, comparative fit index?=?.958, root mean square error of estimation?=?.087, and χ ²/df?=?4.615). Overall, the general attitudes towards marriage scale exhibited good internal consistency (α?=?.901), which supports the reliability of the instrument. The significant relationships between general attitudes towards marriage scale and other constructs also provided evidences to the convergent validity (r?=?.761, p?<?.001 with intent to marry, r?=??.170, p?<?.001 with overt inter-parental conflict, and r?=?.523, p?<?.001 with mother–adolescent relationship). Significant gender difference was found in the report of general attitudes towards marriage scale (t?=??2.265, p?<?.05). Thus, the translated general attitudes towards marriage scale is a reliable, valid, and practical instrument to measure attitudes towards marriage among Malaysian adolescents in divorced family setting.     

Age-Related Differences in Metamemory Accuracy among the Elderly: The Effect of Declining Inhibitory Function

To explore the age-related difference in metamemory accuracy during older adulthood, we measured the metamemory calibration and resolution of older participants. In Study 1, we divided the participants into four groups by age: 60–64, 65–69, 70–74, and above 75 years. We used young adults as a contrast group. The results revealed the inconsistency of age-related differences in calibration and resolution. The young adults had higher calibration in global prediction than the four groups of older adults before the study, whereas there were no differences among the four elderly groups. There were no differences in resolution between the 60- to 64-year, 65- to 69-year and young adult groups, but these three groups had higher resolution than the 70- to 74-year and above 75-year groups for item-by-item prediction. In Study 2, we measured the older participants’ inhibitory function to explore whether impaired inhibitory function led to a decline in metacognitive ability in the elderly. The results showed that the inhibition function was highly correlated with the accuracy of judgments of learning (JOL) and can predict the accuracy of JOL to a certain extent.     

公安大学新生心理健康状况调查与分析

采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对某公安大学2082名新生进行测查。结果表明公安大学新生心理问题检出率为18.9%,主要表现为抑郁、强迫、和人际关系紧张;公安大学新生在多个因子上与全国青年常模相比差异显著;在部分因子上,女生得分显著高于男生,非公安专业学生显著高于公安专业学生,非独生子女分数显著高于独生子女,农村生源显著高于城市生源。     

论医学生的敬畏意识

敬畏意识是医学发展的内在属性,在现代生命科学发展和医学模式转化的背景下具有更加强烈的现实诉求.医学教育中敬畏意识的培养需要关注三个维度:生命意识、死亡意识和生态意识.现代医学因其负载的人文价值的凸显而需要重新思考征服疾病与敬畏生命之间的关系,从而在生命质量与生命意义的追求中更加自觉地树立一种理性的谦卑.     

人文关怀在喉癌治疗和康复中的重要意义

临床医生在治疗疾病的过程中,需要医学人文精神。这种精神提倡对人的理解和关怀,以人为中心的医学人文理念。这一精神尤其体现在喉癌的治疗中。在提高生存率的同时,改善患者的生活质量显得尤其重要。人文精神要求医生有针对性地做好喉癌患者的健康指导,让患者从医生的言谈举止中感受到人道主义的关怀。     

雷公藤多苷对肝脏的双重作用及其思考

文献研究表明,雷公藤多苷既可治疗肝脏疾病,又能引起肝脏毒性.本文对其双重作用从不同角度进行了分析,认为药物均存在治疗作用和毒副作用的双重效应,且与用药剂量、时间密切相关,并从严控剂量时间、加强监测、重视"治未病"、改进剂型等方面提出了应对措施.