韩愈的无神论思想

韩愈(公元786～824年),字退之,唐朝河阳 (今河南孟县)人,是著名的文学家,唐宋八大家之一,唐朝古文运动的领军人物。他与唐朝另一文学宗师柳宗元开创的韩柳文体对中国古代文学艺术产生了广泛深远的影响,这种影响直到“五四”新文化运动才慢慢衰退。难能可贵的是,韩愈不仅文学造诣非凡,还是古代为数不多的具有朴素无神论思想的士大夫之一。当时的陕西凤翔法门寺有佛塔一座,内藏释迦牟尼佛指骨一节,三十年一开塔。据传开塔之年,必定人和年丰。唐宪宗元和十四年     

“Not me” consumer justifications for not reporting suspected price-fixing activities: Neutralization techniques & counterstrategies

Price-fixing, an anti-competitive activity by firms, raises consumer prices, limits consumer choices, and violates the law. Drawing on the neutralization theory, this study aims to investigate consumer participation in anti-price-fixing efforts. This is important as the government's strategy of combating price-fixing often relies on tip-offs from the public. Accordingly, this study examines consumer willingness to come forward to file a complaint of suspected price-fixing cases to authorities and the justifications provided by participants for their reluctance. Focus group interviews were conducted with twenty-three participants. The findings revealed that although the participants agreed that price-fixing is unethical and unjust, they were reluctant to file a complaint to report suspected price-fixing activities to authorities. This study makes theoretical contributions to uncover five neutralization techniques used by the participants to reconcile their negative feelings. Three new counterstrategies have not been explored or discussed in previous studies. This contributes to a new line of inquiry about consumer responses to price-fixing.     

Effects of recent exposure to a conditioned stimulus on extinction of Pavlovian fear conditioning

In six experiments we studied the effects of a single re-exposure to a conditioned stimulus (CS; "retrieval trial") prior to extinction training (extinction-reconsolidation boundary) on the development of and recovery from fear extinction. A single retrieval trial prior to extinction training significantly augmented the renewal and reinstatement of extinguished responding. Augmentation of recovery was not observed if the retrieval and extinction training occurred in different contexts. These results contrast with those reported in earlier papers by Monfils and coworkers in rats and by Schiller and coworkers in humans. We suggest that these contrasting results could depend on the contrasting influences of either: (1) occasion-setting contextual associations vs. direct context-CS associations formed as a consequence of the retrieval trial or (2) discrimination vs. generalization between the circumstances of conditioning and extinction.     

《管子·侈靡》篇研究——兼论《管子》的经济思想

《侈靡》是《管子》中一篇重要文章,以难懂著称。本文从《管子》全书出发,探讨《侈靡》真意,并对全篇作一综合性研究。     

Gender differences in adolescent concerns and emotional well-being: perceptions of Singaporean adolescent students

Although much has been written about adolescent adjustment and coping in Western countries, relatively little is known about similar issues in Asia. The authors examined the emotional adjustment of young adolescents in Singapore. They report adolescent concerns and how they influence adaptive functioning and emotional well-being. Data were obtained from three self-report measures: the Adolescent Concerns Measure (R. P Ang, W. H. Chong, V. S. Huan, & L. S. Yeo, in press), selected scales of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children Personality Self-Report (C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1998), and the Emotional Distress Scale of the Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (W. M. Reynolds, 2001). Emotional well-being emerged as a dominant concern for Singaporean youths with significant gender differences. Girls reported a more positive attitude toward school, better friendship skills, and stronger relationships with parents than did boys. However, girls registered significantly greater worries about self and emotional distress compared to boys. The authors discuss implications for teachers and mental health professionals.     

控制相关理论述评

在控制感与实际控制行为的区分基础上,回顾了与控制相关的理论,分析了各理论的特点和新近的研究;指出各种控制理论都是从不同的侧面研究控制,自成体系,缺乏沟通;控制概念模糊,理论间重叠严重,尚无一个理论能很好的将它们整合;存在的问题直接导致了控制测评的混乱,阻碍了进一步的分析研究;理清控制感与真实控制之间的关系,对进一步改进和标准化控制感评估有重要意义。     

论中古文学创作论对道教卫生学的融摄

中古是文学自觉的时代,而对文学创作论认识方面的自觉则是这个整体的文学观念自觉中的重要组成部分。本文认为,中古士人融摄道教卫生学知识体系于文学理论之中,对于中古文学创作论的自觉有着建构性的意义。正是文学创作论开掘了这一相对于汉代经学的迥异的知识体系,才使他们拥有了崭新、有效的解剖工具,从而使中古的文学创作论获得了长足的进步,并奠定了中国古代文学创作论的基本认识模式。此后,以“神思”为核心范畴的创作论与以“雅正”观为核心范畴的价值论在传统文论中获得了同等理论地位。在融摄道教卫生学剖析文学创作论的实践中,陆机肇其始,刘勰集其大成,同时的预流者还包括王羲之、颜之推等人,说明这两个学科的结合已经成为时代性的共识。     

青少年网络游戏成瘾的研究现状与展望

随着电子产品和移动互联网应用的进一步普及,青少年投入网络游戏的时间也相应增加,因网络游戏导致的相关问题也日渐凸显,青少年网络游戏成瘾问题也因此受到越来越多的关注。本文从网络游戏成瘾的定义、诊断、相关环境和个体因素及干预方法等方面综述网络游戏成瘾的研究现状,总结了游戏成瘾研究发展的阶段、特点和当前焦点,提出基于强化学习理论的青少年游戏成瘾模型,并展望了青少年游戏成瘾的研究方向。