The mediating effect of age on the relationship between child behavior checklist hyperactivity scores and neuropsychological test performance

The relationship between hyperactivity and neuropsychological test performance at different age levels was examined. It was found that for young children (6 to 8 years of age, n=90), there was no significant association between hyperactivity/attentional problems (as measured by the Hyperactivity scale of the Child Behavior Checklist) and performance on neuropsychological tasks thought to contain an attentional component (WISC-R Coding, Arithmetic, and Digit Span; WRAT Arithmetic; and the Benton Visual Retention Test). However, for older children (9 to 12 years of age, n=92), there were significant and large negative correlations between CBC Hyperactivity scores and Coding, WRAT Arithmetic, and Benton VRT scores. Multiple regression analyses supported the above results (for Coding and WRAT Arithmetic), indicating that hyperactivity/inattention has a particularly deleterious effect on test performance (relative to sameage peers) as age increases.Aspects of the research reported in this article were presented at the 1987 meeting of the International Neuropsychological Society in Washington, D.C. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of William Ingram and Lisa Rosa in the data collection.     

Experimental analysis of pedophilia

It was hypothesized that the population of pedophiles differs from that of males who prefer physically mature partners, in respect of the proportion of bisexual members in each group. Bisexuality was assessed by means of a verbal scale and by recording penile volume changes during the presentation of movie clips of nude males and females. Results supported the hypothesis.An earlier finding of a difference between pedophiles and males who prefer physically mature partners, in respect to feminine gender identity, was retested using the Feminine Gender Identity Scale (for males). It could be confirmed only for homosexual males and therefore cannot be accepted as a general difference between pedophiles and persons who prefer physically mature partners.     

Wundt's psychological experiment in the light of his philosophy of science

Summary Wundt initiated the first systematic psychological research programme. This achievement occurred at the same time as his elaboration of a philosophy of science which was anti-inductivist and stressed the priority of explanatory motives. Specifically psychological explanations depended on concepts of psychological causality as manifested in apperceptive or volitional processes. The major differences between the Wundtian and other models of psychological experimentation can be understood in the light of this general approach. Thus experimenters and subjects had to be enlightened collaborators and the role of introspection was more significant in an explanatory than in a purely observational context. Wundt's special requirements for the psychological experiment led him to reject other early models as exemplified by the hypnotic experiment in which the experimenter-subject relationship was closer to what was to become the norm in the twentieth century.     

The new sovietPhilosophical Encyclopedia. IV

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

The new sovietPhilosophical Encyclopedia. IV

     

Befprechungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Das Problem der Willensmessung und das Grundgesetz der Assoziation. II

Ohne Zusammenfassung Um Mi?verst?ndnissen vorzubeugen, sei zu den Ausführungen Teil I S. 195 folgendes bemerkt: Es sollte keineswegs die Existenz unanschaulicher psychischer Gegebenheiten geleugnet werden, vielmehr spielen m. E.unanschauliche Erlebnisse mannigfachster Art eine überragende Rolle und sind selbst bei den eigentlichen Auffassungsprozessen sinnlicher Gegebenheiten sehr wesentlich. (Da ein flie?ender übergang zwischen anschaulichen und unanschaulichen Erlebnissen besteht, scheint mir die Frage, ob im konkreten Falle keinerlei Spuren von Anschaulichem vorhanden sind oder nicht, nicht sehr wichtig.) Nur soll in dieser Arbeit nicht die Frage der psychologischen Systematik nach der Existenz unanschaulicher Erlebnisse er?rtert werden, sondern die Assoziationspsychologie, sofern sie die Gültigkeit ganzbestimmter Gesetze (also auch nicht die Gesetzlichkeit des Psychischen überhaupt) behauptet, untersucht werden. Endlich sollte die Trennung des “sensualistischen” Momentes von der Behauptung der Gültigkeit des speziellen “Assoziationsgesetzes” keine Bemerkung zur Historie, sondern eine sachliche Unterscheidung zur gegenw?rtigen Assoziationspsychologie darstellen.