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181.
In this review, we examine the role of emotion regulation in the treatment of children with anxiety disorders. Cognitive-behavioral
therapy (CBT) has been shown to “work” for children with anxiety disorders and it has been categorized as an evidence-based
treatment. However, most studies have shown that the treatment is effective for about 60–70% of children, leaving the remaining
children symptomatic and oftentimes with persisting psychological disorders. Of importance, it has also been shown that many
children with anxiety disorders demonstrate poor emotion regulation skills. Despite these findings, little attention has been
directed toward incorporating emotion regulation strategies into these relatively effective cognitive-behavioral treatments.
It is possible that CBT programs do not work as well for a portion of children because their emotion regulation deficits,
if present, are not being targeted sufficiently. In this review, it is suggested that adding an emotion regulation component
could increase treatment efficacy. In addition, strategies aimed at improving emotion regulation at the individual level and
at the family level are introduced. Details of how improved emotion regulation skills could be beneficial in bringing about
change are discussed. Finally, issues of measurement and the clinical implications for research and practice are considered. 相似文献
182.
Kristin Voigt 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2007,10(4):389-407
According to luck egalitarianism, inequalities are justified if and only if they arise from choices for which it is reasonable
to hold agents responsible. This position has been criticised for its purported harshness in responding to the plight of individuals
who, through their own choices, end up destitute. This paper aims to assess the Harshness Objection. I put forward a version
of the objection that has been qualified to take into account some of the more subtle elements of the luck egalitarian approach.
Revising the objection in this way suggests that the Harshness Objection has been overstated by its proponents: because luck
egalitarians are sensitive to the influence of unequal brute luck on individuals’ choices, it is unlikely that there will
be any real world cases in which the luck egalitarian would not have to provide at least partial compensation. However, the
Harshness Objection still poses problems for the luck egalitarian. First, it is not clear that partial compensation will be
sufficient to avoid catastrophic outcomes. Second, the Harshness Objection raises a theoretical problem in that a consistent
luck egalitarian will have to regard it as unjust if any assistance is provided to the victim of pure option luck, even if
such assistance could be provided at no cost. I consider three strategies the luck egalitarian could pursue to accommodate
these concerns and conclude that none of these strategies can be maintained without either violating basic luck egalitarian
principles or infringing upon individual liberty.
相似文献
Kristin VoigtEmail: |
183.
Umphress EE Smith-Crowe K Brief AP Dietz J Watkins MB 《The Journal of applied psychology》2007,92(2):396-409
Although similarity-attraction notions suggest that similarity--for example, in terms of values, personality, and demography--attracts, the authors found that sometimes demographic similarity attracts and sometimes it repels. Consistent with social dominance theory (J. Sidanius & F. Pratto, 1999), they demonstrated in 3 studies that when prospective employees supported group-based social hierarchies (i.e., were high in social dominance orientation), those in high-status groups were attracted to demographic similarity within an organization, whereas those in low-status groups were repelled by it. An important theoretical implication of the findings is that social dominance theory and traditional similarity-attraction notions together help explain a more complex relationship between demographic similarity and attraction than was previously acknowledged in the organizational literature. 相似文献
184.
A short-term group treatment model for gay male survivors of childhood sexual abuse living with HIV/AIDS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Masten J Kochman A Hansen NB Sikkema KJ 《International journal of group psychotherapy》2007,57(4):475-496
HIV-positive gay male survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) face three layers of trauma: childhood abuse, homophobic oppression, and HIV/AIDS. Additionally, CSA has been shown to increase HIV risk behavior among gay men, and the trauma of HIV infection often parallels the experience of CSA. Effective coping strategies are particularly important for people living with HIV/AIDS in order to adapt to physical, psychological, and social implications of infection. However, coping strategies once adaptive in the context of CSA may become maladaptive in adulthood. Interventions are needed that enhance coping and address CSA for survivors living with HIV/AIDS to protect their own health and to prevent new transmissions. This article presents a group model found to be efficacious for treating gay male survivors of CSA living with HIV/AIDS. 相似文献
185.
Jason D. Seacat Richard Hirschman Kristin D. Mickelson 《Journal of applied social psychology》2007,37(7):1442-1461
A vignette methodology was used to investigate the effects of systematically manipulating HIV onset controllability and victim sexual orientation on (a) participant attributions about a victim (i.e., perceptions of victim control, responsibility, and blame); (b) participant emotional reactions (anger and sympathy) toward a victim; and (c) participant helping intentions toward a victim. Weiner's (1980a, 1980b, 1995 ) attributional helping model was tested to determine whether participant anger and sympathy mediated the onset controllability/helping intentions relationship. A total of 399 undergraduate psychology students completed the survey. Statistically significant effects were found for HIV onset controllability and victim sexual orientation on participant attributions, emotional reactions, and helping intentions. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are addressed. 相似文献
186.
Training and development are integral to organizational change but are difficult to accomplish effectively in dynamic and complex work environments. Such environments can lead to nonoptimal training conditions that reduce individuals' readiness to change and training effectiveness. On the basis of the transtheoretical model of change (J. O. Prochaska, C. C. DiClemente, & J. C. Norcross, 1992), the authors examined pretraining influences (choice, social support, and motivation to learn) on readiness to change under nonoptimal training conditions. They examined specific dimensions of readiness to change rather than a global readiness to change construct. Participants were 183 driving under the influence (DUI) offenders participating in a court-mandated, alcohol-related Weekend Intervention Program. Perceived choice to attend training, social support, and motivation to learn affected readiness to change when individuals were resisting, considering, acting on, or maintaining behavior or attitude change. These effects were also dependent on age. Results suggest how training effectiveness could be improved when trainees are least likely to learn. 相似文献
187.
Neuroticism and extraversion have been linked to the etiologies and course of anxiety and mood disorders, such that neuroticism is broadly associated with numerous disorders and extraversion is most strongly associated with social anxiety and depression. While previous research has established the broad associations between temperament and emotional disorders, less is known about the specific, proximal factors that are associated with them, and very few studies have situated these risk factors into a larger etiological model that specifies how they may relate to one another. The current study examined the interaction of extraversion and anxiety sensitivity (AS) in predicting social anxiety symptoms in a large, diagnostically diverse clinical sample (N = 826). Symptoms were assessed with self-report and dimensional interview measures, and regression analyses were performed examining the main effects and interaction of extraversion and AS (examining both total and lower-order components) on social anxiety. Results showed that at higher levels of AS, the inverse relationship between extraversion and social anxiety was stronger, and the social concerns component of AS is responsible for this effect. This interaction was also observed with regard to depression symptoms, but the interaction was not present after accounting for shared variance (i.e., comorbidity) between depression and social anxiety symptoms. Clinical and theoretical implications of the results are discussed. 相似文献
188.
189.
Anne Kjeldsen Harald Janson Mike Stoolmiller Leila Torgersen Kristin S. Mathiesen 《Journal of applied developmental psychology》2014
The overall aim of the current study was to identify typical trajectory classes of externalising behaviour, and to identify predictors present already in infancy that discriminate the trajectory classes. 921 children from a community sample were followed over 13 years from the age of 18 months. In a simultaneously estimated model, latent class analyses and multinomial logit regression analyses suggested a five-class solution for developmental patterns of externalising problem behaviours: High stable (18% of the children), High childhood limited (5%), Medium childhood limited (31%), Adolescent onset (30%), and Low stable (16%). Six risk factors measured at 18 months significantly discriminated among the classes. Family stress and maternal age discriminated the High stable class from all the other classes. The results suggest that focusing on enduring problems in the relationship with the partner and partners' health may be important in preventive and early intervention efforts. 相似文献
190.
Kristin K. Meany‐Walen Sue C. Bratton Terry Kottman 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2014,92(1):47-56
This randomized controlled study examined the effectiveness of Adlerian play therapy (AdPT) with 58 elementary school students (48% Latino, 33% European American, 19% African American) exhibiting disruptive classroom behaviors. Teachers and raters blinded to treatment group assignment reported that children in the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in behavior problems and that AdPT demonstrated moderate to large treatment effects. Teachers also reported a statistically significant reduction in stress in their relationships with students receiving AdPT. 相似文献