Thermal effects on pressure-induced infiltration of a nanoporous system

Thermal effects on the energy absorption efficiency of a system consisting of hydrophobic mesoporous silica particles immersed in water have been investigated. As the temperature increases, although the infiltration pressure decreases only slightly and the accessible pore volume remains nearly constant, the system recoverability can be significantly improved, primarily due to an increase in outflow pressure. The sequence of changing pressure and temperature has little influence on the system performance.     

The Normative Source of Kantian Hypothetical Imperatives

Abstract

This paper offers a critique of Christine Korsgaard’s interpretation of Kantian instrumental reason. Korsgaard understands Kantian hypothetical imperatives to share a common normative source with the categorical imperative – namely self-legislating, human rational agency. However, her reading of Kantian hypothetical imperatives is problematic for three reasons. Firstly, Korsgaard’s agent-centred approach renders incoherent Kant’s analytic-synthetic division. Secondly, by minimising the dualistic framework of Kant’s practical philosophy the dialectical character of practical rationality is lost: norms of instrumental reasoning therefore become confused with those of moral reasoning. Thirdly, this in turn curtails the distinct critical authority of pure practical rationality over instrumental choice. The paper argues that we need to understand the normativity of instrumental rationality through the lens of Kant’s dualisms. An alternative interpretation is offered which highlights how the norms of hypothetical imperatives appeal to standards of theoretical cognition and practical efficiency rather than the self-legislative demands of pure practical reason.     

Space–valence associations depend on handedness: evidence from a bimanual output task

Past studies have suggested important links between valence and perception and action in physical space. The present study aimed to test the associations between emotional valance for words or faces and manual responses in left- and right-handers. We employed a divided output (bimanual) reaction time paradigm in which participants had to discriminate emotional valance of words or faces presented on the center of the screen. The results revealed that right-handers were faster when responding to positive words or faces with their right hand and to negative words or faces with the left hand, whereas left-handers showed the opposite pattern. These results suggest that the association between space and valence depends on handedness, providing further evidence for the body-specificity hypothesis.     

《韩非子》用人思想探究

《韩非子》一书中有着丰富的管理思想,用人思想是其中重要的一个方面。其管理思想的基础和前提是人性自私论。韩非提倡君主善用人,不能事必躬亲。对人才要有合理的选拔标准和途径,尤其要有自己的决断力,能够根据下级的工作实绩进行选拔辩智且洁修的人才。他主张使法择人,基层选拔,袭节而进,逐级晋升,提拔实用性人才。还要摒弃人情,任人唯贤,良好的道德品质是提拔的前提,并且提倡内部提拔。在用人原则上,他强调＂一人不兼官,一官不兼事＂,一职不设二官,用人不疑,用人所长,并且指出作为管理者的君主无需有所长。     

传统“孝”德内涵的演变与现代转换

传统"孝"德观念已有三千余年的沧桑演变,其内涵、地位和作用是随着社会背景的变化而演变的;其内涵复杂,既有维护等级、特权、专制的封建糟粕,又有体现人生规律和社会规律的科学内涵,因此,我们要在对其进行辩证分析的基础上扬弃、继承和创新;要使其内容和形式与时俱进,以便与当代社会的民生建设、精神文明建设和思想道德建设相适应。     

Maintenance of quality of life improvements in diverse rural older adults

The maintenance of effects from home-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was examined. One hundred thirty-four participants, predominantly African American and primarily rural, low-resource, and physically frail, were randomly assigned to either immediate or delayed CBT. The six-month follow-up assessments indicated that among those who remained in the study, participants evidenced significantly improved quality of life and reductions in psychological symptoms at follow-up, relative to pretreatment levels. Posttreatment gains were maintained at follow-up. These data suggest that treatment effects can be achieved and perhaps maintained with a disadvantaged sample of older adults and suggest that evidence-based treatments delivered through nontraditional means can have effects beyond posttreatment.     

Space-time compatibility effects in the auditory modality

Previous research suggests that past and future temporal concepts are spatially represented from left to right along a mental line. And these concepts can both prime motor responses to left or right space and direct visual spatial attention. The present study aimed at investigating the nature of this space-time conceptual metaphor in different auditory tasks. In the first experiment, subjects categorized time-related words (past or future) that were presented binaurally. In the second experiment, subjects detected left-ear or right-ear targets following time-related words. The similar space-time compatibility effects were found in these two experiments. Our results demonstrate that the activation of temporal concepts can both prime motor responses to left or right space and influence the orientation of auditory spatial attention, suggesting that the modality of the stimulus input is unimportant for the left-right mapping of time. These results are explained by the "intermediate coding" account.     

"Articulation"与后马克思主义的偶然性逻辑--从拉克劳和墨菲的"articulation"谈起

该文认为,“articulation”是拉克劳、墨菲的后马克思主义的一个核心概念,它的基本意思是“链结”。该文从词源上考察了“articulation”一词的意义及其历史演变,并对其基本含义和特征做了深入的分析。该文认为,链接是理解后马克思主义的偶然性逻辑的核心概念。链接是发生在主体身份之间的,话语性的,偶然性的建构实践活动。但拉克劳、墨菲的链接虽然力图避免近代哲学的本质主义和还原主义,但却仍然避免不了其精致的“唯心”倾向和向上的还原论的嫌疑。我们对此要有清晰的认识。     

话语理论与后马克思主义的哲学取向--拉克劳、墨菲的后马克思主义方法论解读

话语理论是以拉克劳、墨菲为代表的后马克思主义哲学思想的核心,是他们在现代哲学,特别是20世纪哲学的语言学转向之后试图重构其哲学基石的理论尝试和结果。具体而言,话语理论是在当代言语行为理论,特别是后期维特根斯坦语言哲学的基础上,结合后结构主义者德里达的解构思想,综合而成的一种哲学理论。它试图将“话语”(d iscourse)作为后马克思主义的基石,并服务其以“霸权”(hegemony)为核心的“政治本体论”。在拉克劳和墨菲的后马克思主义思想中,所有问题都可归结为“话语”。“话语”成了阐释后马克思主义理论的重要依据和理论参考。不仅…     

基因与人性:影响人性的若干基因

人类行为既受到遗传因素的影响,同时也受到环境(文化)因素的影响。近年来逐渐引起众多学科领域关注的行为遗传学研究从行为的基因关联出发,系统研究了行为的遗传因素及其基因基础,取得了令人瞩目的成绩。该文系统总结了八种人类重要行为的基因基础及其与环境因素的关系,并从基因与人性的关系角度进行了讨论。