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61.
The present study investigated whether bilingual readers activate constituents of compound words in one language while processing
compound words in the other language via decomposition. Two experiments using a lexical decision task were conducted with
adult Korean-English bilingual readers. In Experiment 1, the lexical decision of real English compound words was more accurate
when the translated compounds (the combination of the translation equivalents of the constituents) in Korean (the nontarget
language) were real words than when they were nonwords. In Experiment 2, when the frequency of the second constituents of
compound words in English (the target language) was manipulated, the effect of lexical status of the translated compounds
was greater on the compounds with high-frequency second constituents than on those with low-frequency second constituents
in the target language. Together, these results provided evidence for morphological decomposition and cross-language activation
in bilingual reading of compound words. 相似文献
62.
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of Internet addiction in a nationally representative sample of college students and to identify any associated psychosocial risk factors. The present study was constructed using a cross-sectional design with 3,616 participants. Participants were surveyed during the middle of the spring and fall semesters and recruited from colleges around Taiwan using stratified and cluster random sampling methods. Associations between Internet addiction and psychosocial risk factors were examined using stepwise logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of Internet addiction was found to be 15.3 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 14.1 percent to 16.5 percent). More depressive symptoms, higher positive outcome expectancy of Internet use, higher Internet usage time, lower refusal self-efficacy of Internet use, higher impulsivity, lower satisfaction with academic performance, being male, and insecure attachment style were positively correlated with Internet addiction. The prevalence of Internet addiction among college students in Taiwan was high, and the variables mentioned were independently predictive in the logistic regression analysis. This study can be used as a reference for policy making regarding the design of Internet addiction prevention programs and can also aid in the development of strategies designed to help Internet-addicted college students. 相似文献
63.
David W. K. Man Paul F.W. Yip Tess H. L. Ko Janet K. L. Kwok M. Y. Tsang 《Applied research in quality of life》2010,5(1):27-34
This study investigated the quality of life of individuals with acquired brain injuries (ABI) across a one- to fifteen-year
post-injury time span. This allows us to identify the health and service needs of individuals with ABI and provide direction
for further improvement. Twenty-nine individuals were invited from the local Self-Help Group for the Brain-Damaged to participate
in this study. Four instruments were used to help in the investigation of the subjective components of the quality of life,
including the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and Positive and Negative Affect Scales (PANAS). The instruments used were the
Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Lawton Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) Scale. After analysis of the results
and their interpretation, there was no significant difference between the post-injury groups in their scores of negative affect.
It is suggested that there should be services, such as psychotherapy, to help reduce the existence of negative moods. Improvement
in the IADL aspect should be more focused in future rehabilitation services to allow people to enjoy a fuller life. 相似文献
64.
Motivation and Emotion - Given the centrality of physical attractiveness in women’s mate value, we predicted that mating motive salience would increase the weight of physical attractiveness... 相似文献
65.
In golden hamsters, the expression of a conditioned place preference (CPP) or avoidance (CPA) is regulated in a circadian pattern such that the preference and avoidance are exhibited strongly at the circadian time of prior training, but not at other circadian times. In the rat, reports are conflicting regarding whether time of day learning is evident. We investigated whether this conflict arises because different strains of rat have been used. In this experiment, Long Evans and Wistar rats were trained at a specific circadian time to discriminate between a context paired with food reward and an unpaired context. Animals were then tested for preference at the same or a different circadian time. Long Evans rats showed preference for the paired context at both times tested, whereas Wistar rats showed preference only when training and testing times matched. The results show that time of day learning can be generalized to rats using the Wistar strain. 相似文献
66.
Gosling SD Ko SJ Mannarelli T Morris ME 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2002,82(3):379-398
The authors articulate a model specifying links between (a) individuals and the physical environments they occupy and (b) the environments and observers' impressions of the occupants. Two studies examined the basic phenomena underlying this model: Interobserver consensus, observer accuracy, cue utilization, and cue validity. Observer ratings based purely on offices or bedrooms were compared with self- and peer ratings of occupants and with physical features of the environments. Findings, which varied slightly across contexts and traits, suggest that (a) personal environments elicit similar impressions from independent observers, (b) observer impressions show some accuracy, (c) observers rely on valid cues in the rooms to form impressions of occupants, and (d) sex and race stereotypes partially mediate observer consensus and accuracy. Consensus and accuracy correlations were generally stronger than those found in zero-acquaintance research. 相似文献
67.
The proper domain of naive psychological reasoning is human action and human mental states but such reasoning is frequently applied to non-human phenomena as well. The studies reported in this paper test the validity of the currently widespread belief that this tendency is rooted in the fact that naive psychological reasoning is initially restricted to, and triggered by, the perception of self-initiated movement of agents. We report three habituation experiments which examine the necessary conditions under which infants invoke a psychological principle, namely the principle of rational action, to interpret behaviour as goal directed action. Experiment 1 revealed that the principle of rational action already operates at 9 (but not yet at 6) months of age. Experiment 2 demonstrated that perceptual cues indicating agency, such as self-propulsion, are not necessary prerequisites for interpreting behaviour in terms of the principle of rational action. Experiment 3 confirmed that this effect cannot be attributed to generalisation of agentive properties from one object to another. These results suggest that the domain of naive psychology is initially defined only by the applicability of its core principles and its ontology is not restricted to (featurally identified) object kinds such as persons, animates, or agents. We argue that in its initial state naive psychological reasoning is not a cue-based but a principle-based theory. 相似文献
68.
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70.
The present study investigated the compensatory postural coordination patterns that emerge in the face of dynamic changes in the surface of support. Adult subjects stood on a moving platform that was sinusoidally translated in the anterior-posterior direction. The frequency and amplitude of the support surface translation were manipulated over a wide range of parameter values. The results revealed that as the frequency of platform motion increased, the postural system systematically exploited the available joint-space degrees of freedom and generated four distinct postural coordination modes (a rigid mode --> ankle mode --> ankle-hip mode --> ankle-hip-knee mode). It appears that upright standing posture has a small set of coordination patterns that are particular to the dynamics of the surface of support. 相似文献