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61.
Ernest Lawrence Rossi 《Psychological Perspectives》2013,56(1):80-89
Abstract Slim, elegant, insightful, and fragile, Aniela Jaffe at 85 is a veritable symbol of our eternal quest for meaning. Aniela has authored many books in Jungian Psychology; among them are The Myth of Meaning, Apparitions: An Archetypal Approach to Death, Dreams, and Ghosts, and lung's Last Years. In addition, she recorded and edited Jungs autobiographical volume, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, and contributed a chapter in Man and His Symbols. For a time she served as Jungs private secretary and edited his Collected Letters as well as the book, Jmg: Word and Image. Much of JafJb's writing published in German still remains to be translated. Some hints of these riches yet to come in English are currently being published by Daimon Press as a series of four essays entitled, C.G. Jung — A Mystic? She herein recalls some of the turning points in her personal analysis with Carl Jung. Robert Hinshaw, a Jungian analyst and her editor at Daimon, was present during this intewiew focilitating Jaffis English when she spontaneously broke into German toexpress her impassioned spirit. 相似文献
62.
Children in Grades 4 and 6 read isolated target words following the auditory presentation of an ambiguous word (e.g., deck). The ambiguous word occurred as the last word in either a neutral sentence (e.g., “There is the deck”) or as the last word in a riddle (“Why couldn't anybody play poker on the ark? Because Noah sat on the deck). Related target words were consistent with either the dominant meaning (e.g., porch) or the subordinate meaning (cards) of the ambiguous word. In the neutral context, Grade 4 children showed equivalent facilitation for dominant and subordinate targets relative to unrelated target words; Grade 6 children showed facilitation only for the dominant targets. In the riddle context, both groups of children showed equivalent facilitation for the two types of related targets. The neutral context results supported the hypothesis that the two bases of context effects—automatic lexical access and selective access—develop at different rates (Simpson &; Foster, 1986). The results obtained from the riddles suggest that the selective process is strategic (Ceci, 1989). 相似文献
63.
64.
Naomi Vanlessen Valentina Rossi Rudi De Raedt Gilles Pourtois 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2013,13(1):60-79
Recent evidence has suggested that not only stimulus-specific attributes or top-down expectations can modulate attention selection processes, but also the actual mood state of the participant. In this study, we tested the prediction that the induction of positive mood can dynamically influence attention allocation and, in turn, modulate early stimulus sensory processing in primary visual cortex (V1). High-density visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants performed a demanding task at fixation and were presented with peripheral irrelevant visual textures, whose position was systematically varied in the upper visual field (close, medium, or far relative to fixation). Either a neutral or a positive mood was reliably induced and maintained throughout the experimental session. The ERP results showed that the earliest retinotopic component following stimulus onset (C1) strongly varied in topography as a function of the position of the peripheral distractor, in agreement with a near–far spatial gradient. However, this effect was altered for participants in a positive relative to a neutral mood. On the contrary, positive mood did not modulate attention allocation for the central (task-relevant) stimuli, as reflected by the P300 component. We ran a control behavioral experiment confirming that positive emotion selectively impaired attention allocation to the peripheral distractors. These results suggest a mood-dependent tuning of position-specific encoding in V1 rapidly following stimulus onset. We discuss these results against the dominant broaden-and-build theory. 相似文献
65.
Houdé O Pineau A Leroux G Poirel N Perchey G Lanoë C Lubin A Turbelin MR Rossi S Simon G Delcroix N Lamberton F Vigneau M Wisniewski G Vicet JR Mazoyer B 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2011,110(3):332-346
Jean Piaget’s theory is a central reference point in the study of logico-mathematical development in children. One of the most famous Piagetian tasks is number conservation. Failures and successes in this task reveal two fundamental stages in children’s thinking and judgment, shifting at approximately 7 years of age from visuospatial intuition to number conservation. In the current study, preschool children (nonconservers, 5-6 years of age) and school-age children (conservers, 9-10 years of age) were presented with Piaget’s conservation-of-number task and monitored by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The cognitive change allowing children to access conservation was shown to be related to the neural contribution of a bilateral parietofrontal network involved in numerical and executive functions. These fMRI results highlight how the behavioral and cognitive stages Piaget formulated during the 20th century manifest in the brain with age. 相似文献
66.
Alessandro Rossi Cristina CapannaFrancesca Struglia Ilaria RiccardiPaolo Stratta 《Personality and individual differences》2011,51(4):545-548
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of L’Aquila earthquake (Italy) on the Temperament and Character Inventory - Revised (TCI-R) administered 1 year after the earthquake to a community sample of 375 subjects exposed to the earthquake and 480 non-exposed. Exposed people showed variations in the adaptive response to stress with higher Persistence (P) and lower Harm Avoidance (HA) dimensions among adult and lower self directedness (SD) and higher Harm Avoidance (HA) in older people. No differences in young adults were seen. Temperament and character dimensions are sensitive to trauma exposure in different ways in different age groups. 相似文献
67.
Paolo Cherubim Rino Rumiati Daniela Rossi Fllippo Nlgro Antonio Calabrò 《Journal of applied social psychology》2005,35(4):732-742
One of the main causes of late diagnoses in prostate cancer is the aversive attitude toward prostate examinations. In this study, we analyze the efficacy of an informative pamphlet in changing that attitude. A randomized sample of north Italian men was given different versions of an informative pamphlet, obtained by systematically manipulating the message framing and emotional vividness. After reading the pamphlet, each participant completed an attitude questionnaire. Levels of anxiety and self-reported health status were measured using the STAI-X2 and the SF-36 questionnaires. Results show that loss-framed messages (i.e., messages highlighting the negative consequences of not doing the examinations) had a significant positive effect on attitudes toward the prostate screening, but the effect was rather small. 相似文献
68.
Giulia Mattavelli Alberto Pisoni Alessandra Casarotti Alessandro Comi Giada Sera Marco Riva Alberto Bizzi Marco Rossi Lorenzo Bello Costanza Papagno 《Journal of Neuropsychology》2019,13(1):1-21
Emotion processing impairments are common in patients undergoing brain surgery for fronto-temporal tumour resection, with potential consequences on social interactions. However, evidence is controversial concerning side and site of lesions causing such deficits. This study investigates visual and auditory emotion recognition in brain tumour patients with the aim of clarifying which lesion sites are related to impairments in emotion processing from different modalities. Thirty-four patients were evaluated, before and after surgery, on facial expression and emotional prosody recognition; voxel-based lesion–symptom mapping (VLSM) analyses were performed on patients’ post-surgery MRI images. Results showed that patients’ performance decreased after surgery in both visual and auditory modalities, but, in general, recovered 3 months after surgery. In facial expression recognition, left brain-damaged patients showed greater post-surgery deterioration than right brain-damaged ones, whose performance specifically decreased for sadness and fear. VLSM analysis revealed two segregated areas in the left hemisphere accounting for post-surgery scores for happy (fronto-temporo-insular region) and surprised (middle frontal gyrus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus) facial expressions. Our findings demonstrate that surgical removal of tumours in the fronto-temporal region produces impairment in facial emotion recognition with an overall recovery at 3 months, suggesting a partially different representation of positive and negative emotions in the left and right hemispheres for visually – but not auditory – presented emotions; moreover, we show that deficits in specific expression recognition are associated with discrete lesion locations. 相似文献
69.
Francesco Tramonti Luca Bonfiglio Paolo Bongioanni Cristina Belviso Chiara Fanciullacci Bruno Rossi 《Psychology, health & medicine》2019,24(1):27-34
Aim of this study is to examine caregiver burden and family functioning in different neurological conditions. Forty-two primary caregivers of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s Disease and other dementia (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Acquired Brain Injuries (ABI) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) were administered scales for the evaluation of caregiver burden (CBI) and family functioning (FACES IV). Caregiver burden was overall high, with caregivers of patients with ALS and ABI having exceeded the CBI cut-off score for possible burn-out. The average scores of caregivers of patients with AD or other dementia and PD were close to the cut-off score, whereas those of caregivers of patients with MS were significantly lower than the others. Family cohesion, family satisfaction and the quality of family communication were associated with reduced levels of caregiver burden, whereas disengagement was associated with a higher burden. The data from the present study confirm that caregiver burden is a relevant issue in the context of neurological diseases, especially for those causing higher degrees of impairment. Significant correlations with family functioning emerged as well, highlighting the importance of studying and treating caregiver burden within the context of family relations. 相似文献
70.
David A. Lishner Luis V. Oceja E. L. Stocks Kirstin Zaspel 《Motivation and emotion》2008,32(4):270-277
Three experiments tested the hypothesis that empathic concern for adults in need is enhanced by the degree of target infant-like
characteristics. Participants reported feeling more empathic concern for an adult target with a more infant-like face than
for an adult with a more adult-like face in a Spanish sample (Experiment 1) and in an American sample (Experiment 2). A similar
effect was found when participants were presented with either an adult with a more infant-like voice or an adult with a more
adult-like voice in a second American sample (Experiment 3). Additional analyses suggest that the infant-like characteristic
effect on empathic concern is not mediated by observer perceptions of target attractiveness, target age or youthfulness, target
vulnerability, or observer similarity to the target. These results support the proposition that infant-like cues enhance empathic
concern in human observers and that the phenomenon generalizes across stimulus modality, gender, and nationality.
相似文献
E. L. StocksEmail: |