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171.
Schechter DS Myers MM Brunelli SA Coates SW Zeanah CH Davies M Grienenberger JF Marshall RD McCaw JE Trabka KA Liebowitz MR 《Infant mental health journal》2006,27(5):429-447
This study explored the use of a brief experimental intervention that integrates principles of infant-parent psychotherapy, videofeedback, controlled exposure to child distress in the context of parental posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stimulation of parental reflective functioning (RF). The Clinician Assisted Videofeedback Exposure Session (CAVES) was applied to 32 interpersonal violence-exposed mothers of very young children (8-50 months) with respect to change of maternal perception of her child. While we found no significant reduction over two videotaped assessment visits with a mental health professional, we did find a significant reduction in the degree of negativity of maternal attributions towards her child following the videotaped visit focused on the CAVES (p<.01). Maternal RF, a mother's capacity to think about mental states in herself and her child, accounted for 11% of the variance in reduction of maternal negativity after accounting for baseline levels of negativity. Clinician-assisted videofeedback appears to support emotional self-regulation of mothers with violence-related PTSD. Focusing with a therapist on videofeedback of child separation distress exposes mothers to avoided mental states of helplessness and perceived loss of protection. Negative maternal attributions may mark violent trauma-associated emotion dysregulation and projected self-representations of the maltreated mother. 相似文献
172.
Abuse is often associated with diminished social support networks, which typically serve to buffer individuals against stress-related outcomes, including eating disorders. The goal of the present study was to examine whether eating disturbances among women in abusive dating relationships varied as function of perceived social support. Although both physical and psychological aggression in women's (N=83) dating relationships was associated with symptomatic dieting and bulimic symptoms, only psychological aggression predicted unique variance. Although psychological aggression was directly related to eating symptoms, support from friends diminished the relation to bulimic symptoms, possibly because such support facilitated women's ability to distract themselves from their abusive situations. In contrast, perceived parental support buffered women in physically abusive relationships from disturbed eating patterns. Thus, depending on the nature of abuse women experienced, social support resources were differentially effective in buffering women from eating disturbances. 相似文献
173.
The current research was designed to examine objective and contextual factors related to the appraisal of potentially sexually harassing situations. Working female participants (n = 208) from a mid-sized southwestern university completed a workplace experiences survey in small groups. The majority of participants were Hispanic/Latina (77.9%). We predicted that characteristics of personal harassment experiences (e.g., number of distinct types of behaviors experienced, frequency, duration) and bystander harassment experiences would contribute independently to how upset women were by their own sexual harassment experiences. Results indicated that characteristics of personal harassment experiences and bystander experiences did predict how upset women were by their own gender harassment and by unwanted sexual attention experiences. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of considering multiple types of workplace stressors (e.g., personal and bystander sexual harassment experiences) and their relation to the appraisal process. 相似文献
174.
Chesnut Ryan P. Richardson Cameron B. Morgan Nicole R. Bleser Julia A. Mccarthy Kimberly J. Perkins Daniel F. 《Journal of religion and health》2022,61(4):3384-3401
Journal of Religion and Health - This study assessed the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale – Military Version – Short Form’s (MISS-M-SF) factor structure and construct validity.... 相似文献
175.
176.
Forensic evaluations of offender populations often consider psychopathy as an integral component of these consultations. Vexing issues remain of whether psychopathic traits should be evaluated consistently irrespective of demographic characteristics (e.g. gender), comorbidity (e.g. other Axis II pathology), or setting (e.g. jail or community). The current study examined gender differences for psychopathy and Axis II traits in a nonreferred jail sample of predominantly nonviolent offenders. Participants with moderate to high levels of psychopathy evidenced substantial comorbidity, especially with Cluster B personality disorders. Facets of psychopathy and Axis II traits varied substantially across both genders. In addition, the research evaluated Lynam's Hyperactivity, Impulsivity, and Attention difficulties (HIA) model of psychopathy. These initial data found little support for the HIA model in this jail sample. In testing competing hypotheses, the HIA model was substantially better at predicting Cluster B traits than psychopathy per se. 相似文献
177.
Coping is typically thought to be adaptive if it reduces immediate distress and promotes well-being. However, coping strategies might appear beneficial in a given situation, but when considered in the broader stressor context, those situational benefits may actually undermine well-being. Two studies (N = 473 and N = 80 women) demonstrated that, in the context of psychologically or physically abusive dating relationships, coping orientations were rooted in women's stressor history (prior assault trauma) and elevated emotion-focused and lower problem-focused efforts were predictive of greater depressive symptoms. Yet, in response to a stressor video that acted as a reminder of women's abusive experiences (but not to a stressor video unrelated to abuse), affective benefits (lower hostility, higher positive agency) were associated with abused women's emotion-focused coping endorsements, but were not linked to problem-focused coping. It seems that in some contexts, reduced distress might limit active efforts to alter a dysfunctional situation. 相似文献
178.
Utilization of cancer genetic risk assessment can be profoundly influenced by an individuals’ knowledge of risk assessment,
attitudes regarding illness and healthcare, and affective reactions derived from social norms. Race and ethnicity play a powerful
role in the development of an individual's attitudes and should be considered when attempting to understand a person's openness
to cancer genetic risk assessment (Lannin et al., 1998). Until recently, however, cancer screening and prevention programs have been primarily based on data from studies
conducted with the Caucasian population, yielding data that are not fully applicable to the African American community. In
the last several years, research findings regarding African American's knowledge, attitudes, and feelings about genetic counseling
and testing have grown (Matthews et al., 2000; Singer et al., 2004; Thompson et al., 2003). However, to the authors’ knowledge, these data have yet to be presented in a manner that both summarizes the barriers
that African Americans have reported regarding cancer genetic risk assessment, while at the same time suggesting methods individual
genetic counselors can utilize during community presentations to help address these barriers. This article will first summarize
previous empirical findings regarding African Americans’ knowledge, attitudes, and feelings about cancer genetic risk assessment.
The article will then apply adult learning theory to those findings to provide genetic counselors with practical, theory based
techniques to apply toward community based educational programs with African American groups. 相似文献
179.
We examined maternal and paternal perceptions of social competence in children and adolescents. One hundred forty-seven parents
rated scenarios depicting children who varied in age, gender, and social competence. Parents also completed questionnaires
assessing the amount of time they spend with their own children, their gender identity, their psychological symptoms, and
their affectivity. Results indicated that the amount of time parents spend with their own children was related to maternal
and paternal ratings, whereas affectivity was related to paternal ratings. In contrast, parents’ gender identity and psychological
symptoms were unrelated to their ratings of social competence. Finally, there was an interaction between parent gender and
the level of social competence depicted in the scenarios they rated, suggesting that there were differences in maternal and
paternal ratings. These findings emphasize the importance of examining the perceptions of both mothers and fathers when assessing
social competence in children and adolescents. 相似文献
180.
Daisha J. Cipher Anita K. Kurian Kimberly G. Fulda Richard Snider Johann Van Beest 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(2):102-112
Patients undergoing rehabilitation have been evidenced to improve in different ways depending on their coping styles. Amplifiers,
Repressors, and Social Copers are examples of patients who present differently in rehabilitation settings and tend to have
differing levels of success in their response to treatment. The current study examined the differential treatment outcomes
of three coping style groups undergoing multidisciplinary rehabilitation. A sample of 59 patients suffering from injuries
associated with chronic pain were assessed using the Multidimensional Pain Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck
Anxiety Inventory before, during, and after multidisciplinary pain management treatment. Coping style groups derived from
the Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic consisting of Amplifiers, Repressors, and Social Copers were compared with regard
to reductions in depression, anxiety, pain, functional impairment, and associated outcomes. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed
that Amplifiers, Repressors, and Social Copers had varying levels of success in the treatment program. Hierarchical linear
modeling analyses revealed the coping style groups to have significantly different change curves from pre to post-treatment
in depression, anxiety, pain severity, functional impairment, affective distress, life control, social support, and soliciting
help from others. These findings support prior research emphasizing the value of tailoring treatments in rehabilitation settings
toward patients’ coping styles in order to maximize outcomes.
A program (provided in either SAS or SPSS syntax) that will compute MBMD coping style group membership will be provided upon
request. Request by e-mail to: dcipher@hsc.unt.edu or by fax to: +1-817-7352270. 相似文献