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121.
Joseph S. Lalli Kimberley Livezey Kelly Kates 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1996,29(1):129-132
A functional analysis of eye poking by a 4-year-old female with severe disabilities and visual impairments showed that high rates occurred in all conditions. We conducted a series of probes to identify the maintaining variable for eye poking following an undifferentiated functional analysis. Results showed that eye poking decreased only when we interrupted finger-eye contact by blocking the response. 相似文献
122.
Martie P. Thompson Fran H. Norris R. Barry Ruback 《American journal of community psychology》1996,24(6):785-809
Criminal justice system experiences in 150 family members of homicide victims were investigated. The study had two goals:
(a) to document the experiences of homicide survivors in the criminal justice system, including case outcomes, criminal justice
system activities, and satisfaction with system personnel; and (b) to determine if experiences with the police impacted posthomicide
beliefs (cognitive assumptions about the world and one’s relationship to it) and psychological distress. The sample, which
was identified through the Medical Examiner’s Office, was drawn from all criminal homicides from 1.5 to 5 years prior to selection.
Results showed that family members of homicide victims were very dissatisfied with their experiences in the criminal justice
system. Additionally, whereas objective system outcomes (e.g, arrest) did not directly affect posthomicide beliefs and distress,
subjective system outcomes (e.g., police satisfaction) directly affected beliefs and indirectly affected distress. There was
some support for both equity theory and a cognitive theory of change, the two theories that guided the model specification.
This study was funded by a predoctoral National Research Service Award fellowship to Martie Thompson, from the Violence and
Traumatic Stress Research Branch at the National Institute of Mental Health. We thank Paula Vardaman for her help with sample
recruitment and data collection, Nancy Deore and Kelly Harlan for their help with data collection, and Ann Price for help
with data entry. Additionally, we would like to thank Lieutenant Agan of the Atlanta Homicide Division, the staff at the Fulton
County Medical Examiner’s Office, and the staff at the Victim Witness Assistance Program for making this study possible by
providing access to their files. Finally, we thank Morton Bard for his feedback in quastionnaire development and study design. 相似文献
123.
THROUGH HER EYES: 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A major component of a woman's ability to resist assaults by strangers versus acquaintances lies in the social and cognitive context in which she is engaged with the perpetrator and within which she must recognize potential threat before engaging in a behavioral response. This paper presents questionnaire and focus group findings of heterosexual college sorority women's social contexts, perceived risks, responses, and psychological barriers to protecting themselves from sexual aggression threat by fraternity acquaintances. Several social and cognitive factors, including alcohol consumption and psychological barriers, were related to projected responses to sexual aggression. Participants in general held a high sense of invulnerability to victimization and an optimistic belief in their ability to resist sexual aggression. Several differences between previously victimized and nonvictimized women also emerged. 相似文献
124.
As part of a study of the role of supervision in, predicting turnover, 105 nurses provided confidential data on leader-member exchange and satisfaction with supervision, while their supervisors provided performance evaluation information. Although results reaffirmed an inverse correlation between employee performance and turnover (r=–.23p<.05), only directional support was obtained for the hypothesis that performance moderates the relationship between satisfaction with supervision and turnover. Turnover was also not found to be curvilinearly related to performance. Additionally, the, results did not replicate an earlier finding that leader-member exchange is a strong predictor of empolyee turnover. The results are interpreted as underscoring the difficulty of predicting turnover from affect, and the need to, develop refined theoretical models that specifically link these constructs. 相似文献
125.
Social networks as assets and liabilities in recovery from stroke by geriatric patients 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Interactions in the social networks of 48 elderly stroke patients were examined as factors influencing outcomes after hospital discharge. Structured interviews assessed the frequency of perceived positive and negative interactions, as well as patients' behavioral independence, time use, personal adjustment, and cognitive functioning. Negative interactions occurred less frequently than positive ones. After controlling for status at hospital discharge, negative and positive interactions differentially explained variance in morale, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive functioning. Although negative interactions were associated with poorer morale and greater psychiatric symptoms, positive interactions were associated with less mental confusion. Patients' reporting and not reporting negative interactions did not differ significantly on a variety of social and demographic variables previously shown to predict social interactions and well-being. Findings indicate that social interactions may both impede and facilitate rehabilitation for older adults and have implications for both theories of social support and the design of therapeutic interventions. 相似文献
126.
How to build a connectionist idiot (savant) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
D Norris 《Cognition》1990,35(3):277-291
This paper describes the development of a connectionist model of an idiot savant date calculator using a multi-layer back-propagation network. The model mimics the behaviour of idiot savant date calculators in learning to perform the date calculation task without the need either to develop arithmetical skills or to encode explicit knowledge about regularities in the structure of dates. However, the performance of the model highlights limitations on the use of back-propagation as a general-purpose learning algorithm in complex problem domains. Even with a relatively simple problem like date calculation back-propagation can only succeed when forced to take a highly structured and modular approach to learning. 相似文献
127.
Kristopher Norris 《The Journal of religious ethics》2015,43(1):178-184
This essay responds to James Turner Johnson's critiques of my argument in “‘Never Again War’: Recent Shifts in the Roman Catholic Just War Tradition and the Question of ‘Functional Pacifism.’” (2014). It attends specifically to three of Johnson's objections and offers accounts of the meaning and use of the term “functional pacifism,” an understanding of classic just war thought as a tradition, and the concepts of peace and authority within just war and pacifist thought. It argues that my analysis of the Catholic Church's movement toward pacifism but ultimate theological inability to embrace a functional pacifism still stands in spite of Johnson's critiques. In addition, it suggests that Johnson offers a thin pacifistic conception of peace and promotes a restricted notion of ecclesial authority and democratic government. 相似文献
128.
Mark Norris Lance 《No?s (Detroit, Mich.)》1998,32(S12):219-240
129.
Dennis Norris 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1984,36(3):507-518
This paper describes a lexical decision experiment, which examined the relation between word frequency, repetition and stimulus quality. In contrast to earlier studies (Stanners, Jastrzembski and Westbrook, 1975; Becker and Killion, 1977), frequency and stimulus quality were found to interact. The implications of this result for models of word recognition are discussed within the framework of Becker's verification model. 相似文献
130.
Principle of congruity and reduction of persuasion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E L Norris 《Journal of personality and social psychology》1966,3(2):233-238