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21.
A blank look in reading: the effect of blank space on the identification of letters and words during reading 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two experiments investigated the effect of visual blank space on reading by varying the amount of interletter and interline blank space in prose passages. Increasing interletter blank spacing slowed the reading process overall, presumably because it disrupted the unitization of words and word identification, but it also improved the identification of the letters within words. By contrast, increasing interline blank spacing sped up the reading process overall, while also improving the identification of words and the letters within words, presumably because the extra spacing reduced the amount of visual information that was processed during reading. The latter finding supports the conclusion that information from surrounding lines of single-spaced text may interfere with reading. 相似文献
22.
Healy AF Kole JA Buck-Gengle CJ Bourne LE 《Journal of experimental psychology. Applied》2004,10(3):188-199
In 2 experiments, participants used a keyboard to enter 4-digit numbers presented on a computer monitor under conditions promoting fatigue. In Experiment 1, accuracy of data entry declined but response times improved over time, reflecting an increasing speed-accuracy trade-off. In Experiment 2, the (largely cognitive) time to enter the initial digit decreased in the 1st half but increased in the 2nd half of the session. Accuracy and time to enter the remaining digits decreased across though not within session halves. The (largely motoric) time to press a concluding keystroke decreased over the session. Thus, through a combination of facilitation and inhibition, prolonged work affects the component cognitive and motoric processes of data entry differentially and at different points in practice. 相似文献
23.
This work presents a view of Christian repentance as a process analogous to the development of Winnicott's capacity for concern and illuminated by Rowan Williams' theology of the Resurrection. One begins with fear of forfeiting one's attachment to the divine good mother, confronts the evidence of one's destructiveness in the Passion of Christ, experiences the risen Christ's object survival and acceptance of reparations, and attains a desire to contribute-in to God and neighbor. 相似文献
24.
25.
The field of genetic counseling faces a broad challenge: many potential clients may not be aware of the value and benefit
of genetic counseling services, and therefore may not utilize those services. Navigenics is a personal genomic testing company
that provides telephonic genetic counseling services for multifactorial diseases and pharmacogenetics. When first offered
in 2008, utilization of the Navigenics genetic counseling service was less than expected. To explore the basis for under-utilization
and potential mechanisms for increasing uptake, Navigenics initiated a quality improvement study, in which three different
methods of engaging clients in the uptake of genetic counseling services were assessed over the course of 1 year. Outcomes
showed significant differences in uptake rates between methodologies (7.5%, 24.6%, and 60.1%), yielding an 8-fold increase
in service utilization when post-test telephonic outreach to all clients was performed. Further, utilization spanned all risk
levels based on client results, evidence that not only clients with high-risk results were motivated to engage in the genetic
counseling service. This research indicates that implementing strategies to educate clients about genetic counseling can positively
impact client engagement and utilization of available services. 相似文献
26.
Mary Healy 《Studies in Philosophy and Education》2011,30(3):229-240
This paper seeks to examine the plausibility of the concept of ‘Civic Friendship’ as a philosophical model for a conceptualisation
of ‘belonging’. Such a concept, would hold enormous interest for educators in enabling the identification of particular virtues,
attitudes and values that would need to be taught and nurtured to enable the civic relationship to be passed on from generation
to generation. I consider both of the standard arguments for civic friendship: that it can be understood within the Aristotelian
typology as either a form of utility friendship or as a form of virtue friendship. I argue that civic friendship may not be
the most appropriate model and that attempts to resolve the problems through looking on it as a political metaphor leave it
unable to fulfil the function for which it was originally designed in Ancient Greece. Finally, I emphasize the need to carefully
consider which particular metaphors we choose for civic relationships and how we subsequently use them. 相似文献
27.
University of Colorado (CU) students were tested on memory for the “CU Fight Song” in order to examine serial position effects
in semantic memory while controlling for familiarity across positions. In Experiment 1, students reconstructed the order of the nine lines of the song. Students with previous exposure to the song performed better
and showed a more bowed serial position function than did students with no knowledge of the song. Experiment 2 added a task assessing memory of item information. One word was removed and replaced with a blank in each line, and an alternative
word was offered as an option, along with the correct word. Students selected the word that fit into each blank and then reconstructed
the order of the lines. There was a bow-shaped curve for order reconstruction, but not for item selection, which implies that
the serial position function in semantic memory stems from order, rather than item, information. 相似文献
28.
This study examines factors that influence memory for details about people. In two experiments, subjects learned fictitious
details about familiar (friends, relatives) and/or unfamiliar individuals, and were tested both immediately and after a 1-week
delay. To control for a confounding between familiarity and genetic relatedness in Experiment 1, in Experiment 2 specific relationships (identical twin, first cousin, acquaintance) were assigned to unfamiliar individuals. Across experiments,
retention was enhanced for familiar compared to unfamiliar individuals, for friends/acquaintances compared to relatives, for
more closely than distantly related individuals, and for individuals of the opposite gender as the subject. 相似文献
29.
30.
Sarah A. Healy Nancie Im-Bolter Janet Olds 《Journal of child and family studies》2018,27(8):2430-2440
Many researchers have reported elevated rates of emotional, behavioral, and social competence problems (EBSP) in children with epilepsy. Although executive function has been found to be associated with EBSP in children with typical development, almost no research has looked at the individual components of executive function as potential predictors of EBSP in children with epilepsy. This is surprising given the deficits in executive function in children with epilepsy. We investigated EBSP and executive function in 42 children with epilepsy, aged 6.0 to 18.1 years and found, as expected, that EBSP were associated with executive function in these children even after epilepsy-related variables, such as seizure type, were accounted for. However, different components of executive function were related to different emotional, behavioral, and social competence problems in these children. Shifting of mental sets was a significant predictor of emotional, behavioral, and social competence problems whereas inhibition was a significant predictor of behavioral problems. This suggests that different executive function profiles in children with epilepsy may place them at-risk for developing different types of emotional, behavioral, and social competence problems. These results may help researchers and clinicians develop new techniques to identify and treat emotional, behavioral, and social competence problems in children with epilepsy. 相似文献