老年术后认知功能障碍研究进展及思考

术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)是临床上老年患者术后常见的并发症,主要表现为精神活动、人格、记忆力和社交活动以及认知能力的异常,渐渐为患者和医学工作者所重视,但其病因和发病机制尚不清楚.运用哲学的基本原理,掌握科学的方法论和辩证思维方法,有助于正确分析POCD的相关病因及其发病机制,从而更好定指导临床工作.     

冠状动脉CT血管成像应用中的思考

随着科学技术的发展及医疗水平的提高,冠状动脉CT血管成像（CTCA）已成为诊断冠心病的金标准,该项技术微创、安全、简单、快捷,深受患者青睐。本文讨论该项技术应用中所贯穿的哲学思考与应有的人文关怀。     

Emotional reactions to scandals: When does moral character make a difference?

A scandal can evoke public outrage when it is widely publicized and involves an individual who is perceived to have a high level of cultural representativeness. Two experiments showed that when the scandalous target's moral character was highlighted, emotional responses towards the target were least negative when the scandal was widely circulated and when the target was seen as a representative of his culture. These results suggest that when a cultural symbol is implicated in a widely‐circulated scandal, the negative emotions directed towards the scandalous individual can be alleviated when the public remains confident in his or her commitment to morality.     

兼职蛋白质及其哲学思考

在蛋白质组学天空中,新近提出的兼职蛋白质概念正越来越受到人们的关注。研究发现,某些蛋白质因其细胞定位、细胞类型、寡聚状态的不同及其配体、底物、辅因子和产物在细胞内浓度的变化而表现出不同的功能,从而对细胞和机体产生诸多有益作用,并使其发展出一系列完善机制以实现不同功能间的转换。兼职蛋白质概念的提出不仅改变了一个基因－－一种蛋白质－－一种功能的传统观念,也为大分子间相互作用、细胞复杂性及生物多样性研究     

Instrumental values of organizational citizenship behavior for promotion: a field quasi-experiment

The present study examined the relationship between promotion, perceived instrumentality of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) for promotion, and employees' OCB before and after promotion. A field quasi-experiment involving 293 tellers of a multinational bank was conducted. Both supervisors and employees provided OCB ratings 3 months before and 3 months after the promotion decision was announced. The authors found employees who perceived OCB as instrumental to their promotion and who were promoted were more likely to decline in their OCB after the promotion.     

头颈部鳞状细胞癌治疗方法选择中的理性分析

近年来肿瘤生物治疗已经发展成为继手术、放疗和化疗之后的第四种治疗方法,并且已被逐步应用于头颈部鳞状细胞癌的治疗中.因此,如何选择合适的治疗方法、制定最佳治疗方案成为临床工作的重点.通过辩证性、系统性分析,可以认为优化组合的综合治疗有望成为头颈部鳞状细胞癌的主导治疗方法.     

Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance Scale: Construction and initial validations

The Career Decision Ambiguity Tolerance Scale (CDAT) measures individual evaluations of and responses to ambiguity encountered in career decision making. It was developed and initially validated through two studies of college students. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis consistently showed a three-factor structure for career decision ambiguity tolerance, consisting of preference, tolerance, and aversion. In addition to support for construct validity and subscale reliabilities, the findings also support the scale's incremental validity in predicting career indecision, career decision-making self-efficacy, and career adaptability over and beyond general ambiguity tolerance. The theoretical meaning and practical application of the CDAT were discussed along with its limitations and suggestions for future research.     

重症免疫性血小板减少性紫癜紧急救治方案的探讨

为了探讨重症免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的治疗方案,回顾性分析118例接受激素(92例)或丙种球蛋白(16例)或rhTPO(10例)治疗患者的临床资料,分析疗效及不良反应.结果显示:(1)激素组,丙种球蛋白组和rhTPO组总有效率分别为76.1%、81.3%和70%,组间差异无统计学意义.复发组有效率(67.3%)明显低于初治组(83.3%,P<0.05),PAIgG伴PAIgM升高组有效率明显低于不伴PAIgM升高组(P<0.05);(2)血小板达峰时间:激素组为(5.70±3.68)d,丙种球蛋白组为(4.31±0.75)d,rhTPO组为(5.00±1.63)d,激素组与丙种球蛋白组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)不良反应:激素组均出现类库欣综合征表现,丙种球蛋白组未见不良反应,1例(10%)rhTPO组患者出现轻度转氨酶增高.总之,丙种球蛋白和rhTPO治疗成人重症ITP疗效好,不良反应轻微.     

Attachment experience and cortisol recovery from romantic conflict among young Chinese couples: A dyadic analysis

Using a sample of young adults, the present study investigated how the participants' attachment to romantic partners was related to that with their parents and peers and how this specific attachment experience was associated with their physiological stress response. We examined 121 pairs of young Chinese (N = 242) heterosexual couples (men's age: 22.26 ± 2.40; women's age: 21.62 ± 2.22) and their attachment to parents, peers, and romantic partners as well as their cortisol recovery from romantic conflict. Robust actor–partner interdependence mediation models showed that women's insecure parental and peer attachment was associated with blunted cortisol recovery from romantic stress through their fearful attachment with romantic partners, whereas men's insecure parental and peer attachment was associated with their partners' adaptive cortisol recovery from romantic stress through their fearful romantic attachment. These findings suggested that women's hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-axis functioning seemed to be more strongly associated with their own and their partners' attachment relationships compared to men.     

三维干预促进小学生心理健康的研究

为了探索有效的小学生心理健康教育模式,以昆明市两所普通小学分别作为实验组和对照组进行了为期两年的实验研究,对影响小学生心理健康的主要因素:教师、家长和学生自身三个子系统进行了多侧面的三维干预。结果表明:(1)实验组学生比对照组学生的总体一般焦虑水平下降;(2)学习适应性提高;(3)问题行为症候群的学生人数和问题行为比干预前明显减少。验证了教师、家长、学生三维干预结合模式对促进小学生心理健康的有效性。