Abnormal diurnal pattern of cortisol secretion in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Substantial evidence suggests that impairment of the hypothalamus?pituitary system can occur following an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Given that the diurnal cortisol rhythm is primarily controlled by the hypothalamus?pituitary system, this study examined whether changes in diurnal cortisol rhythm occurred after aSAH. Cortisol concentrations were measured in the saliva samples collected from patients after aSAH and other types of cerebral hemorrhage (non-aSAH) in the post-awakening period and at night (21:00?h), and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and diurnal cortisol decline were determined. The area under the cortisol curve from immediately after to 45?min after awakening (CARauc) in the aSAH patient group was comparable to that in the non-aSAH or healthy control groups. However, an obvious cortisol peak was not found after the awakening period, and the morning/nighttime cortisol ratio in the aSAH patient group was significantly lower than that in other examined groups due to higher nighttime cortisol concentrations. In aSAH patients, the CARauc and nighttime cortisol concentrations were negatively correlated with the Fisher CT grade. These results indicate that the diurnal cortisol rhythm is not regulated normally after aSAH, and cortisol secretory activity decreases as the volume of subarachnoid bleeding increases. Our findings will be helpful to understand altered hypothalamus?pituitary?adrenal axis function after aSAH.     

内隐序列学习不受注意负荷的影响:来自眼动的证据

利用眼动记录方法,采用内隐序列学习的观察范式,通过操纵注意负荷高和低,考察内隐序列学习是否需要注意参与。结果发现:(1)在高、低注意负荷条件下都出现了内隐序列学习效应;(2)高注意负荷条件下眼跳反应时长于低注意负荷条件下的;(3)高、低注意负荷序列内隐序列学习量差异不显著,表明内隐序列学习不受注意负荷影响。     

与任务无关的刺激-反应联结对中老年人自动加工的影响

采用掩蔽启动范式,选取字母和数字作为刺激,任务因素为与当前任务无关的处于预备状态的刺激-反应联结,探讨自上而下的任务因素对中老年人自动加工过程的影响。发现中老年被试的自动反应激活过程不受到自上而下的当前无关的、处于预备状态的刺激-反应联结作用的影响,自动加工是完全自动化的。     

面向实践的技术知识——人类学视野的技术观

<正>近30年来,人类学对技术的研究已经将人们的技术观从人工物中心观和建构主义中心观推进到社会技术系统观。通过活动棱镜或者身体中介的引入,人和物被铸造成一个更加紧密的无缝之网,它是身体的、生理的、心理的、社会的、文化的以及物质的有机整体。这种新形成的技术观是一种更具经验性的、更少决定论的、更多建构论的和语境依赖性的技术意象。     

人工关节置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折

老年股骨粗隆间骨折发病率越来越高,其治疗方法也多种多样,人工关节置换作为其中的一种治疗方法,随着它的优势越来越明显,逐渐受到关注.本文通过对国内外人工关节治疗老年粗隆间骨折的研究进行综述,为临床治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的方法提供选择.     

临床共情研究进展

共情是指站在对方角度思考问题,能认识、理解他人情感情绪的能力.自20世纪60年代起,以美国为主的西方国家开展大量关于共情临床应用的理论研究、实践调查和教育培训,结果显示临床共情的应用对改善医患关系、提高医疗效果、减少医疗纠纷、促进患者康复和增进医生职业成就感等方面都起着重要作用.     

科技伦理责任观基本内容论析

当今时代,科技伦理失责问题日渐凸显,迫切需要构建科技伦理责任观,科学明晰科技伦理责任观的基本内容。本文认为科技伦理责任观的构建包括责任目标、责任主体、责任对象、责任原则和责任规范等基本内容,并对之作了分析和阐述。     

“WHY BE MORAL?” The Cheng Brothers' Neo‐Confucian Answer

In this article, I present a neo‐Confucian answer, by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, to the question, “Why should I be moral?” I argue that this answer is better than some representative answers in the Western philosophical tradition. According to the Chengs, one should be moral because it is a joy to perform moral actions. Sometimes one finds it a pain, instead of a joy, to perform moral actions only because one lacks the necessary genuine moral knowledge—knowledge that is accessible to every common person as long as one makes the effort to learn. One should make the effort to learn such knowledge—to seek joy in performing moral actions—because to be moral is a distinguishing mark of being human. This neo‐Confucian answer seems to be egoistic, as its conception of motivation for morality is based on self‐interest: to seek one's own joy. However, since it emphasizes that one's true self‐interest is to seek joy in things uniquely human, which is to be moral, self‐interest and morality become identical; the more a person seeks one's self‐interest, the more moral the person is, and vice versa.     

当前大学生基督教组织的发展与应对——以华东Z省H市“P教会”为例

通过运用参与观察法和个案访谈法在H市开展关于大学生基督教组织发展情况的调研,发现大学生基督教组织的组织化程度在逐步提高,有组织的传教活动频繁,传教意愿强烈,社会联系广泛,善于结合大学生特点开展宗教活动。大学生基督教组织的活跃对高校校园管理和人才培养工作造成一定干扰,构成社会稳定的潜在隐患。因此,高校及主管部门需要创新社会治理方法,构建多方联动机制,直面大学生信教问题,通过多种渠道协同加强高校思想政治工作,积极应对大学生基督教组织的不断发展。     

Feature integration is not the whole story of the sequence effects of symbolic cueing

ABSTRACT

Sequential modulations in symbolic cueing tasks have been attributed to complete versus partial repetition/alternation of stimulus features between consecutive trials. This feature-integration hypothesis is questioned by recent findings and further investigated in the present study. In the first two experiments, when the cueing axes switched between trials, only complete alternation of cue directions and target locations existed. Nevertheless, significant sequence effects were still found in this condition, which did not support the feature-integration hypothesis. Furthermore, although sequence effects were still significant when stimulus identities were manipulated in Experiment 3, it was abolished when different cue categories (gaze and arrow) were presented as cues in Experiment 4. The findings suggest that the integration of stimulus features is not the only source of the sequential effect and some higher level cognitive mechanisms, possibly as described in the task-file or task organization hypotheses, are involved in the sequential modulations of symbolic cueing.