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排序方式: 共有417条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
321.
322.
Objective: To examine if diabetes risk factors disrupt memory score trajectories in youth with T1D over three years with a powerful accelerated longitudinal method and individual growth curve modeling. Methods: Participants aged 9–17 completed memory measures at study enrollment and two years later. Results: Poorer metabolic control over the course of the study related to a significant decrease in visual memory scores. Compared to baseline, these youth scored 1.99 points lower at follow-up. Generally appropriate developmental gains were made in memory trajectories and girls' visual and verbal memory improved more than boys. No significant effects of disease duration, age of onset, or severe hypoglycemia were found on visual or verbal memory over three years time. Conclusions: Of the risk factors studied, only poorer metabolic control had a significant impact upon visual memory after three years. Verbal memory was unaffected. However, given that level of metabolic control tends to remain relatively consistent over time, the effect of continued poorer metabolic control on memory should be monitored. 相似文献
323.
Peter R. E. Crocker Catherine M. Sabiston Kent C. Kowalski Meghan H. McDonough Nanette Kowalski 《Journal of Applied Sport Psychology》2013,25(3):185-200
This study investigated the changes in and the relationships among body mass index (BMI), global self-esteem, physical self-perceptions, social physique anxiety (SPA), physical activity, and dietary restraint in adolescent females over a 24-month period. Participants (N = 501) completed annual assessments in grade 9, 10, and 11. The results showed moderate covariance stability in all variables. There were several significant time effects (group mean change), with small increases in BMI, moderate decreases in physical activity, and very small changes over time in SPA and physical self-perceptions. Longitudinal analyses indicated that specific physical self-perceptions were important predictors of physical activity, dietary restraint and SPA; however, most of the variance was explained by previous year values. Evidence of bidirectional effects revealed that specific self-perceptions impact specific behaviors and SPA more so than the impact of behavior/emotion on self-perceptions. These results highlight the importance of understanding the physical self and its links to health-related behaviors and emotion in adolescents. 相似文献
324.
Kent L. Brintnall 《文化与宗教》2013,14(2):145-160
In Skin Shows, her study of gothic horror, Judith Halberstam argues that ‘[m]onsters are meaning machines’. Narratives about monsters create meaning by defining the border between normal and monstrous desire. This essay offers a close reading of horror films from three very different periods of the genre's history— Frankenstein, Bride of Frankenstein, The Haunting, and Scream—to demonstrate how these films represent queer desire as monstrous, disruptive and violent. Reading these cinematic representations alongside Christian discourses of sodomy demonstrates that the study of religion and the study of popular culture can inform each other, that theological meaning can be found in the artifacts of popular culture and that these artefacts can only be fully understood by attending to their theological meanings. The essay concludes with suggestions regarding how such artifacts can be engaged to support queer political projects. 相似文献
325.
Daniel W. Kent 《当代佛教》2013,14(1):188-223
This article examines two Buddhist ceremonies sponsored by the Sri Lankan Army, a flag blessing in 2005 and a lamp lighting ceremony in 2007. I argue that, while the monks officiating at these ceremonies encourage the soldiers to fight, they do not justify war in any way. On the contrary, these preachers employ an ethical imagination more dependent upon eschatological factors than upon individual obligations. Specifically, they take for granted that ideal Buddhist moral behaviour is almost impossible in a world where the Dharma is in decline. In a world of declining Dharma, they assert that Buddhists must sometimes engage in unwholesome activities in order to preserve the possibility of Buddhist practice in the future. They do not justify these compromises according to a hierarchy of moral duties or a metaphysical ideal of justice, but rather they accept them as markers of the corrupt nature of the world. The monks thus advise soldiers to protect the Dharma that remains in the country, preserving the possibility of Buddhist ethical activity and the possibility of re-establishing Dharma in the future. 相似文献
326.
Bruchas RR Kent CD Wilson HD Domino KB 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2011,18(3):257-267
Awareness during general anesthesia occurs when patients recall events or sensations during their surgeries, although the
patients should have been unconscious at the time. Anesthesiologists are cognizant of this phenomenon, but few discussions
occur outside the discipline. This narrative review summarizes the patient recollections, psychological sequelae, treatment
and follow-up of psychological consequences, as well as incidence and etiology of awareness during general anesthesia. Recalled
memories include noises, conversations, images, mental processes, feelings of pain and/or paralysis. Psychological consequences
include anxiety, flashbacks, and posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis. Limited discussion for therapeutic treatment after
an anesthesia awareness experience exists. The incidence of anesthesia awareness ranges from 0.1 to 0.2% (e.g., 1–2/1000 patients).
Increased recognition of awareness during general anesthesia within the psychological/counseling community, with additional
research focusing on optimal therapeutic treatment, will improve the care of these patients. 相似文献
327.
Muriel D. Saunders Kent A. Questad Timothy B. Cullinan Richard R. Saunders 《Behavioral Interventions》2011,26(2):161-166
Portable music production devices, such as radios, cassette players, and MP3 players, have characteristics that make them less than ideal for teaching the cause‐and‐effect relationships that would enable children and adults with severe impairments to control them independently and appropriately. Even when adapted for control with adaptive switches, the relationship between switch closure and on–off operation results in contingency characteristics that can inhibit learning. Some solutions to these problems are described, and for those individuals who can learn with complex contingencies, some promising products are reviewed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
328.
A substantial amount of empirical and theoretical debate remains concerning the extent to which an ability to orient with
respect to the environment is determined by global (i.e., principal axis of space), local (i.e., wall lengths, angles), and/or
view-based (i.e., stored representation) accounts. We developed an orientation task that allowed the manipulation of the reliability
of the principal axis of space (i.e., searching at the egocentric left- and/or right-hand side of the principal axis) between
groups while maintaining goal distance from the principal axis, local cues specifying the goal location (i.e., short wall
left, short wall right, and obtuse angle), and visual aspects of the goal location consistent across groups. Control and test
trials revealed that participants trained with a reliable principal axis of space utilized both global and local geometric
cues, whereas those trained with an unreliable principal axis of space utilized only local geometric cues. Results suggest
that both global and local geometric cues are utilized for reorientation and that the reliability of the principal axis of
an enclosure differentially influences the use of geometric cues. Such results have implications for purely global-based,
purely local-based, and purely view-based matching theoretical accounts of geometry learning and provide evidence for a unified
orientation process. 相似文献
329.
Poling A Weetjens B Cox C Beyene NW Bach H Sully A 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2011,44(2):351-355
We used giant African pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) as land mine-detection animals in Mozambique because they have an excellent sense of smell, weigh too little to activate mines, and are native to sub-Saharan Africa, and therefore are resistant to local parasites and diseases. In 2009 the rats searched 93,400 m(2) of land, finding 41 mines and 54 other explosive devices. Humans with metal detectors found no additional mines. On average, the rats emitted 0.33 false alarm for every 100 m(2) searched, which is below the threshold given by International Mine Action Standards for accrediting mine-detection animals. These findings indicate that Cricetomys are accurate mine-detection animals and merit continued use in this capacity. 相似文献
330.
While epistemic justification is a central concern for both contemporary epistemology and philosophy of science, debates in
contemporary epistemology about the nature of epistemic justification have not been discussed extensively by philosophers
of science. As a step toward a coherent account of scientific justification that is informed by, and sheds light on, justificatory
practices in the sciences, this paper examines one of these debates—the internalist–externalist debate—from the perspective
of objective accounts of scientific evidence. In particular, we focus on Deborah Mayo’s error-statistical theory of evidence
because it is a paradigmatically objective theory of evidence that is strongly informed by methodological practice. We contend
that from the standpoint of such an objective theory of evidence, justification in science has both externalist and internalist
characteristics. In reaching this conclusion, however, we find that the terms of the contemporary debate between internalists
and externalists have to be redefined to be applicable to scientific contexts. 相似文献