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981.
Coping with spousal loss: potential buffering effects of self-reported helping behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present study examined the role of self-reported helping behavior in attenuating the helper's depression following spousal loss. Using archival data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples sample (N = 289), the study shows that among bereaved participants who had experienced high loss-related grief, helping behavior (providing instrumental support to others) was associated with an accelerated decline in depressive symptoms for the helper from 6 months to 18 months following spousal loss. This relationship between giving help and recovery from depression was independent of support received, as well as measured health, and interpersonal and demographic factors. Implications of these results for theoretical approaches to the study of close relationships and well-being are discussed. 相似文献
982.
Julia Schüler Veronika Job Stephanie M. Fröhlich Veronika Brandstätter 《Motivation and emotion》2008,32(3):231-242
Satisfaction of the implicit affiliation motive is known to be positively related to emotional well-being, whereas the frustration
of the implicit affiliation motive leads to impairment of well-being. In the present research we specified two conditions
that are responsible for the satisfaction and frustration of the implicit motive. Referring to research on the congruence
of implicit and explicit motives, we assumed that a corresponding explicit affiliation motive leads to satisfaction of the
implicit motive. Corresponding affiliation behavior constitutes the second condition. Three studies confirmed the hypothesis
that both conditions must be fulfilled in order to positively connect the implicit affiliation motive to emotional well-being.
Participants with high implicit and explicit affiliation motives and who additionally showed a large amount of affiliation
behavior reported the lowest negative affectivity and the highest life satisfaction compared to participants who lacked one
of the conditions.
相似文献
Julia SchülerEmail: |
983.
Julie L. Nagoshi Katherine A. Adams Heather K. Terrell Eric D. Hill Stephanie Brzuzy Craig T. Nagoshi 《Sex roles》2008,59(7-8):521-531
A scale of prejudice against transgender individuals was developed, validated, and contrasted with a homophobia measure in 153 female and 157 male US college undergraduates. For both sexes, transphobia and homophobia were highly correlated with each other and with right-wing authoritarianism, religious fundamentalism, and hostile sexism, but aggression proneness was predictive of transphobia and homophobia only in men. Benevolent sexism and rape myth acceptance were more predictive of transphobia and homophobia in women than men. With homophobia partialled out, authoritarianism, fundamentalism, and aggression proneness no longer predicted transphobia for men, but authoritarianism, fundamentalism, benevolent sexism, and rape myth acceptance continued to predict transphobia in women. Discussion focused on gender differences in issues that drive prejudice against transgender and homosexual individuals. 相似文献
984.
985.
Robert F. Bornstein Stephanie H. Gold 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(2):154-161
Meta-analysis of studies assessing the comorbidity of somatization disorder (SD) with one or more personality disorders (PDs)
revealed that-contrary to the assertions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition, text revision)-SD co-occurs with the majority of Axis II PDs. Although comorbidity effect sizes (rs) linking SD with paranoid PD and obsessive-compulsive PD were small, effect sizes for antisocial, borderline, narcissistic,
histrionic, avoidant, and dependent PD yielded rs about or above 0.20. Comorbidity information in future versions of the DSM should be revised to reflect the greater number
of PDs empirically linked with SD.
相似文献
Robert F. BornsteinEmail: |
986.
987.
Adolescence is a period of life in which the sense of 'self' changes profoundly. Here, we review recent behavioural and neuroimaging studies on adolescent development of the self-concept. These studies have shown that adolescence is an important developmental period for the self and its supporting neural structures. Recent neuroimaging research has demonstrated that activity in brain regions associated with self-processing, including the medial prefrontal cortex, changes between early adolescence and adulthood. These studies indicate that neurocognitive development might contribute to behavioural phenomena characteristic of adolescence, such as heightened self-consciousness and susceptibility to peer influence. We attempt to integrate this recent neurocognitive research on adolescence with findings from developmental and social psychology. 相似文献
988.
Stephanie Buchert Eric L. Laws Jennifer M. Apperson Norman J. Bregman 《Social Psychology of Education》2008,11(4):397-408
We examined the effects of professor reputation versus first impressions on student evaluations of instruction. Students in
19 Psychology courses completed course evaluation surveys either before meeting the instructor or 2 weeks into the semester.
Both groups then completed the course evaluation again at the end of the semester. Unlike evaluations completed prior to meeting
the professor, students’ ratings 2 weeks into the semester did not differ from end-of-semester evaluations. Therefore, students
considered first impressions more important than professor reputation as determinants of their end-of-the semester evaluations.
Results suggest that students form lasting impressions within the first 2 weeks of classes.
相似文献
Norman J. BregmanEmail: |
989.
990.
To better understand how women at risk of body image disturbance respond when their body concerns are activated, we examined attentional and memory biases in undergraduate women with high thin-ideal internalization, an identified risk factor for eating disorders, following priming of body and appearance concerns. Female undergraduates (N = 186) viewed photos of either sports cars or attractive swimsuit models, then completed the Lexical Decision Test, a word recall test, and questionnaires assessing thin-ideal internalization and eating disorder symptomatology. High thin-ideal internalizers did not exhibit cognitive biases predicted by cognitive models of eating disorders, even when their body and appearance concerns were primed by exposure to attractive models. Converging evidence suggests that high-risk non-clinical samples rarely exhibit cognitive biases characteristic of individuals with eating disorders, and, in fact, may actually incorporate ideal appearance into their schemas and preferentially attend to attractive stimuli. 相似文献