Career proactivity: A bibliometric literature review and a future research agenda

Individuals often need to be proactive in order to successfully navigate their career development journeys. To what extent one is vocationally proactive has critical implications for his or her attitudes, behaviors, and other outcomes in career and work-related settings. However, research in career proactivity has been accumulating from divergent perspectives, resulting in a substantially fragmented literature that has not been comprehensively, objectively synthesized to guide the field to move forward. To advance the domain of career proactivity, this paper synthesizes theoretical and empirical literatures using two major bibliometric analyses. We first analyze the intellectual basis of the career proactivity literature by performing document citation analysis. We then review the developmental trends of main conceptual themes in career proactivity literature using a temporal co-word analysis. Informed by these bibliometric findings, we propose a roadmap for future research highlighting the need to clear up concepts, account for context, develop new meso-level theories, and bridge the domains of organizational behavior and vocational development.     

When is sociality congruent with self-care?

Kumar and Epley (2023) argue that people underinvest in spending time, effort, and money on other people, and that consumers' own well-being would improve from increased “sociality.” We pose two questions to enhance understanding of the relationship between sociality and efforts to benefit one's own well-being: (1) when will other-oriented consumption promote versus hinder consumers' own well-being, and (2) what leads consumers to embrace versus forego efforts to improve their well-being (i.e., self-care) that does not involve sociality? We propose that the degree to which the consumer is concerned about incorporating others' preferences, the magnitude of resources involved, and the temporal dynamics of consumption will be relevant factors in addressing these two questions. Future research to explore the proposed three factors and other factors will be important for consumers who seek to improve their well-being as well as marketers who seek to promote it.     

Cultural values,system justification,meritocratic beliefs,and evaluations of governments' performance in handling the COVID-19 crisis

System justification and meritocratic beliefs legitimize the status quo of economic, social, and political arrangements, and may correlate with favourable evaluations of governments' performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study furthers research on this topic by examining (1) the cultural value antecedents of system justification and meritocratic beliefs, and (2) the differential effects of these on attitudes toward ingroups and outgroups from an intergroup perspective. The results show that collectivist values positively predict system justification and meritocratic beliefs, whereas a similar effect was not observed for individualist values. As hypothesized, system justification motivation was positively associated with favourable evaluation of the Chinese government (an ingroup). By contrast, system justification and meritocratic beliefs were negatively associated with evaluation of the American government (an outgroup). We discussed the implications for understandings of the cultural value bases of system justification and meritocratic beliefs, and the relevance of the lens of intergroup relations in studying those beliefs.     

成年人日常生活记忆的研究

采用三项记忆作业,对１２０例２０—８５岁的被试进行日常记忆和实验室记忆的比较研究,目的为探讨日常记忆的年龄差异及其年老化特点。结果表明：（１）三项记忆成绩均随增龄而减退,其中年老老年组减退明显;（２）作业难度比较：经方差分析结果表明,它对记忆成绩有显著作用,作业难度自评与方差分析相符,“地名”最易,“人姓”居中,“无意义图形再认”最难,因为“地名”为日常生活记忆,难度小于后者（为实验室记忆）。老年人日常生活记忆减退缓慢,他们可利用知识经验补偿记忆减退,使之保持较好。     

3—6岁幼儿控制自己行为能力的发展特点和影响发展的因素

本文对3—6岁幼儿在不同活动中和不同语言指示下控制自己行为的能力进行了研究。实验的结果表明:幼儿在有兴趣的活动中,容易控制自己的行为。成人给予明确具体的语言指示,或对其活动加以组织,对三岁幼儿控制自己行为的能力不起什么作用,对四岁以上幼儿才逐渐起作用,这种作用随着年龄增长而增大。成人单纯以语言来加强动机作用对各年龄组幼儿均无作用;但动机与一定的角色情境相结合,则有显著效果。由此可见,幼儿有意控制自己行为的能力是逐步发展的。因此,为提高幼儿控制自己行为的能力,对不同年龄的幼儿应采取不同的措施。     

Noninvasive measurement of smokers’ tar and nicotine intake

A simple device for monitoring cigarette smokers’ intake of tar and nicotine is described. This device divided the mainstream smoke into two parallel paths, one containing seven parallel capillary tubes and the other containing one capillary tube; a Cambridge filter trapped the smoke passing through the path containing one tube. Analyses of both tar and nicotine trapped in the filter were performed by gravimetric and chemical methods. Calibration tests verified that a constant fraction of the tar and nicotine was retained in the apparatus over a wide range of conditions, allowing the calculation of smoke intake into the mouth. With supplementary methods for measuring the amount of smoke exhaled, the apparatus can be used to measure smoke deposition in the respiratory tract.     

家兔在学习过程中海马电活动功率谱阵列的变化

本文研究了家兔在学习时,其海马在条件反应形成中的作用。用计算机分析了海马脑电波功率谱阵列。结果表明:海马在学习初期起着重要作用;在学习后期虽然条件反应出现率下降了,但海马脑电功率却显著增强。说明了海马在建立整个条件反应过程中都处于积极活动状态。     

运动视觉的奇次倍频现象

当刺激图形为高速运动的方波光栅时,可观测到一种新的奇次谐波现象。当被试光栅为某些临界时间频率时,奇次谐波光栅静止不动,稍微偏离这些临界值,谐波光栅开始运动,其表现运动方向,或者与被试光栅相同,或者相反,这取决于被试光栅的时间频率高于或低于临界频率。本文使用视觉时空采样假设和付氏分析,初步解释了这一现象。     

Fitting the Reduced RUM with Mplus: A Tutorial

The Reduced Reparameterized Unified Model (Reduced RUM) is a diagnostic classification model for educational assessment that has received considerable attention among psychometricians. However, the computational options for researchers and practitioners who wish to use the Reduced RUM in their work, but do not feel comfortable writing their own code, are still rather limited. One option is to use a commercial software package that offers an implementation of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for fitting (constrained) latent class models like Latent GOLD or Mplus. But using a latent class analysis routine as a vehicle for fitting the Reduced RUM requires that it be re-expressed as a logit model, with constraints imposed on the parameters of the logistic function. This tutorial demonstrates how to implement marginal maximum likelihood estimation using the EM algorithm in Mplus for fitting the Reduced RUM.