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Maszczyk A Roczniok R Waśkiewicz Z Czuba M Mikołajec K Zajac A Stanula A 《Perceptual and motor skills》2012,114(2):610-626
This research problem was indirectly but closely connected with the optimization of an athlete-selection process, based on predictions viewed as determinants of future successes. The research project involved a group of 249 competitive swimmers (age 12 yr., SD = 0.5) who trained and competed for four years. Measures involving fitness (e.g., lung capacity), strength (e.g., standing long jump), swimming technique (turn, glide, distance per stroke cycle), anthropometric variables (e.g., hand and foot size), as well as specific swimming measures (speeds in particular distances), were used. The participants (n = 189) trained from May 2008 to May 2009, which involved five days of swimming workouts per week, and three additional 45-min. sessions devoted to measurements necessary for this study. In June 2009, data from two groups of 30 swimmers each (n = 60) were used to identify predictor variables. Models were then constructed from these variables to predict final swimming performance in the 50 meter and 800 meter crawl events. Nonlinear regression models and neural models were built for the dependent variable of sport results (performance at 50m and 800m). In May 2010, the swimmers' actual race times for these events were compared to the predictions created a year prior to the beginning of the experiment. Results for the nonlinear regression models and perceptron networks structured as 8-4-1 and 4-3-1 indicated that the neural models overall more accurately predicted final swimming performance from initial training, strength, fitness, and body measurements. Differences in the sum of absolute error values were 4:11.96 (n = 30 for 800m) and 20.39 (n = 30 for 50m), for models structured as 8-4-1 and 4-3-1, respectively, with the neural models being more accurate. It seems possible that such models can be used to predict future performance, as well as in the process of recruiting athletes for specific styles and distances in swimming. 相似文献
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Kazimierz Świrydowicz 《Studia Logica》1990,49(2):171-174
This paper is devoted to showing certain connections between normal modal logics and those strictly regular modal logics which have as a theorem. We extend some results of E. J. Lemmon (cf. [66]). In particular we prove that the lattice of the strictly regular modal logics with the axiom is isomorphic to the lattice of the normal modal logics.The results in this paper were reported at Logic Colloquium '87 in Granada. 相似文献
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K. Ajdukiewicz 《Studia Logica》1962,13(1):212
Summary The author discusses the subjective and irreproducible character of the method of direct experience, which is the ground of
the acceptance of observation statements. It is also shown how this method forms a part of the method of arriving at universal
statements on the basis of experience without depriving the latter of its intersubjective and reproducible character. 相似文献
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Kasimir Ajdukiewicz 《Erkenntnis》1935,5(1):162
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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