Science in Poland

The Nencki Institute in Warsaw was founded in 1918 to honor one of Poland’s most distinguished biochemists, Marceli Nencki. Since its inception, the institute has evolved from a confederation of privately supported laboratories to a center of research productivity intimately associated with the Polish Academy of Sciences. Early relations with Pavlov’s laboratory laid the foundation for the emergence of a Polish School of Neurophysiology under the leadership of Jersy Konorski. The impact of Konorski and his colleagues has transformed the interpretation of conditioning to include a systematic physiologic basis that more adequately considers the psychology of learning processes. The prestige of the Nencki Institute within contemporary Eastern European and Soviet science was achieved despite the economic pressures on a new nation and its total devastation of World War II. Moreover, the more than 60 years of scientific work in an independent Poland have provided a critical transition between Eastern and Western research efforts, and the Nencki Institute has filled a leading role in facilitating communication among scientists.     

Das weltbild und die begriffsapparatur

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Personality dimensions and cigarette smoking behavior in polish and U.S. adolescents

Abstract

To contribute to the design of adequate intervention and prevention programs, data on smoking behavior were collected from over 300 male and female 15 year olds from Poland and the United States, approximately half from each country. Several personality measures were obtained from each subject. Fifty of these students were already smoking and over 100 more had tried cigarettes. Results indicate that for both countries, smokers had a characteristic personality profile which included being anxious, angry, and impulsive/antisocial. In short they appear to be emotionally distressed and females were more extreme than males in this regard. Possible intervention and prevention strategies and future needed research are discussed.     

Imageries

Wyobrazenia i pojcia [Imageries and concepts] in [Twardowski 1965], 114–197.     

Die wiffenfchaftliche Weltperfpektive:

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The psychophysical nature of humans

Postpowanie czlowieka [Human activity] in [Ajdukiewicz 1985], vol. 1, 317–324.