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931.
Robbins RA Shergill Y Maurer D Lewis TL 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2011,109(3):371-382
Adults are expert at recognizing faces, in part because of exquisite sensitivity to the spacing of facial features. Children are poorer than adults at recognizing facial identity and less sensitive to spacing differences. Here we examined the specificity of the immaturity by comparing the ability of 8-year-olds, 14-year-olds, and adults to discriminate houses differing in the spacing between features versus those differing in the shape of the features themselves. By 8 years of age, children were more accurate for discriminations involving the feature set compared with the spacing set, and the difference in accuracy compared with adults was greater for the spacing set than for the feature set. Importantly, when sets were matched in difficulty for adults, this greater immaturity on the spacing set than on the feature set remained. The results suggest that, at least by age 8, immaturities in sensitivity to the spacing of features may be related to immaturities in general perceptual mechanisms rather than face-specific mechanisms. 相似文献
932.
Past research has demonstrated that people's need to perceive the world as fair and just leads them to blame and derogate victims of tragedy. The research reported here shows that a positive reaction--bestowing additional meaning on the lives of individuals who have suffered--can also serve people's need to believe that the world is just. In two studies, participants whose justice motive was temporarily heightened or who strongly endorsed the belief that reward and punishment are fairly distributed in the world perceived more meaning and enjoyment in the life of someone who had experienced a tragedy than in the life of someone who had not experienced tragedy, but this pattern was not found for participants whose justice motive was not heightened or who did not strongly endorse a justice belief. These results suggest that being motivated to see the world as just--a motivation traditionally associated with victim derogation--also leads people to perceive a "silver lining" to tragic events. 相似文献
933.
Daniel Bruns David A. Fishbain John Mark Disorbio John E. Lewis 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2010,17(2):87-97
Working in a health care setting has been identified as a primary risk factor for violent assault, which is often perpetrated
by patients. Patient dangerousness is a multidimensional phenomenon, which may include violent ideation, homicidal planning,
a history of violent acts, or overt threatening behavior. Although the verbal report of thoughts of killing a doctor is only
one of many risk factors for patient dangerousness, reports of homicidal ideation are widely regarded as being sufficient
to warrant concern, and to indicate a need for further assessment of the patient. In this study, 2264 subjects (1329 healthy
community subjects, 158 non-healthy community subjects, and 777 rehabilitation patients) were asked if they had a desire to
kill a doctor that they had seen. Subjects responding positively to this item were compared to subjects responding negatively
to the item using all available demographic variables and BHI 2 scales using chi-square or t-test. Significant variables (p < .01) were then utilized in a logistic regression to generate a model for this wish. Three variables significantly predicted
this wish: the Doctor Dissatisfaction (p < .001) and Borderline (p < .001) scales of the BHI 2, and injury-related litigation status (p = .002). The presence of one of these variables, especially Doctor Dissatisfaction, should prompt a more thorough assessment
of potential danger to healthcare workers. 相似文献
934.
935.
Andrew R. Lewis Dana Huyser de Bernardo 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2010,49(1):112-126
Research typically defines evangelical belonging as affiliation with an evangelical denomination, but this approach excludes many self-identified evangelicals, even though previous studies of religious groups find that self-identification is a powerful predictor of political preferences. Using data from the National Survey of Religion and Politics, we investigate the usefulness of self-identification for classifying evangelicals. The effects of three types of evangelical belonging (religious tradition-only, self-identification-only, and a combination of religious tradition and self-identification) on respondents' political attitudes, party identification, and vote choice suggest that religious tradition is a good predictor of political attitudes while self-identification is a good predictor of party identification. We conclude that self-identification and tradition are both important to understanding evangelicalism and politics in America. 相似文献
936.
Lewis R. Rambo 《Pastoral Psychology》2010,59(4):433-445
This paper is an invitation to explore ways in which the study of conversion, pastoral counseling, and cultural studies may
be mutually enriching. The author will provide a survey of contemporary conversion studies with the goal of encouraging pastoral
counselors and psychotherapists to include the study of conversion as an integral part of their agenda. It will also suggest
means by which the field of pastoral counseling may be beneficial to conversion scholars during a time when the study of conversion
is not only enjoying a rebirth of interest, but also an astonishing transformation of meanings, methods, and paradigms. Since
conversion studies, once the province of evangelical Christians and rather specialized scholars in the psychology and sociology
of religion, now involve anthropologists, historians, theologians, religious studies researchers, and new approaches to the
phenomenon within psychology and sociology have emerged, this paper will explore some of these developments. It is time for
pastoral theologians and pastoral counselors to re-engage both the phenomenon and study of conversion. It will also argue
for an interdisciplinary approach inclusive of various perspectives, one that focuses on specific domains of research and
theoretical critique and refinement. 相似文献
937.
Alison R. Lewis Richard E. Zinbarg C. Emily Durbin 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(1):83-91
As observed by Zinbarg and Mineka (American Psychologist 62:259–261, 2007), the study of emotion regulation faces significant challenges that need to be addressed. In reviewing the articles in the
present issue, we comment upon how researchers have attempted, with varying degrees of success, to meet these challenges.
We suggest that the articles in the present volume demonstrate important conceptual and methodological advances in emotion
regulation research, but that the most central problems noted by Zinbarg and Mineka have yet to be fully remedied. In highlighting
both the progress made and problems faced by the field of emotion regulation, we suggest new directions for future research
in this area. 相似文献
938.
This paper reports the coping strategies characterising self-professed weak copers. In order to do so it examines strategies reported by a subset of a sample of 976 adolescents, as measured by the Adolescent Coping Scale. What is of interest in this investigation are the coping strategies of the most vulnerable adolescent group. Such information would be of great value to those in the helping professions working with adolescents. The results indicate that the least able copers used, at least sometimes, non-productive strategies such as tension reduction, self-blame, ignore, keep to self and, most noticeably, worry and wishful thinking. However, a range of productive strategies was also used at least sometimes, including problem-solving, working hard and focusing on the positive. The implications of these findings for turning poor copers into good copers is discussed. 相似文献
939.
Solution‐focused counseling (SFC) and motivational interviewing (MI) have gained recognition over the past 2 decades. A review of the features of these counseling approaches is provided, as well as an examination of the similarities and differences on several dimensions of counseling. Attention is given to empirical research, and it is proposed that SFC and MI be considered concurrently, which appears consistent with calls in the literature for theoretical integration. A case study is included. 相似文献
940.
International Journal for Philosophy of Religion - 相似文献