排序方式: 共有72条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Katy Osborne Fran Baum Anna Ziersch 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2009,19(3):212-224
Participation in community groups is argued to be an important way to create health‐promoting social capital. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the ways in which gender affects the health promotion potential of participation. This paper reports on a qualitative study of women's experiences of participation in a diverse range of community groups, and considers how such involvement can potentially have a negative impact upon mental well‐being. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 30 women in Adelaide, South Australia. Women's accounts of their group involvement reflected that their identities as mothers were particularly important in shaping their participation. Some women reported difficulties in combining group involvement with their family responsibilities. Stress attached to negotiating social interaction within groups was also raised as an issue. It was found that participation can reinforce gender inequality and potentially have severe negative consequences for mental health, issues that need to be considered alongside the potential health benefits. The findings are considered in light of Bourdieu's critical conceptualization of social capital. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
62.
Katy Greenland Jonathan Scourfield Nina Maxwell Lindsay Prior Jane Scourfield 《Journal of applied social psychology》2009,39(9):2045-2068
The Distress Disclosure Index ( Kahn & Hessling, 2001 ) measures the tendency to disclose psychological distress and is important in understanding psychological well‐being, interpersonal relationships, and help seeking. This paper used the disclosure decision model ( Omarzu, 2000 ) to explore the theoretical antecedents of distress disclosure. Results of a community‐based survey of 17–18‐year‐olds in South Wales (United Kingdom), suggesting that private self‐consciousness, social support, and femininity were associated with higher distress disclosure. Shame was associated with lower distress disclosure. Moderating effects of gender and gender identity were also explored. Social support and femininity both interacted with gender to predict distress disclosure. The results suggest a number of interventions to increase distress disclosure in young men and women. 相似文献
63.
Anita P. Barbee Mary E. Fallat Richard Forest Mary E. McClure Katy Henry Michael R. Cunningham 《Journal of Loss and Trauma》2016,21(6):455-470
To understand the ways that EMS providers cope with pediatric death in an out-of-hospital setting, eight focus groups were conducted with 98 urban, rural, and suburban EMS providers. Sixty-eight of the participants also completed a short questionnaire about a specific event. In both the focus groups and questionnaire, participants were asked how they individually coped with the death, how they coped as a team, and what coping strategies were most and least helpful. Specific coping strategies were found to be helpful to EMS providers, and could be classified as Solve, Solace, Dismiss, and Escape based on whether they approached or avoided the problem or the emotion. 相似文献
64.
Beware of “reducing prejudice”: imagined contact may backfire if applied with a prevention focus 下载免费PDF全文
Imagined intergroup contact—the mental simulation of a (positive) interaction with a member of another group—is a recently developed, low‐risk, prejudice‐reducing intervention. However, regulatory focus can moderate of the effects of prejudice‐reducing interventions: a prevention focus (as opposed to a promotion focus) can lead to more negative outcomes. In two experiments we found that a prevention focus altered imagined contact's effects, causing the intervention to backfire. In Experiment 1, participants who reported a strong prevention‐focus during imagined contact subsequently reported higher intergroup anxiety and (indirectly) less positive attitudes toward Asians. We found similar moderating effects in Experiment 2, using a different outgroup (gay men) and a subtle regulatory focus manipulation. Theoretical and practical implications for imagined contact are discussed. 相似文献
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66.
The rational speaker hypothesis (Clifton, Carlson, & Frazier, 2002) claims that speakers are selfconsistent, employing intonation
in a manner consistent with their intended message. Preceding a constituent by a prosodic boundary that is not required by
the grammar often signals that this constituent is not part of the immediately preceding phrase. However, speakers tend to
place prosodic boundaries before and after long constituents. The question is whether prosodic boundaries will have a larger
influence on listeners’ choice of an analysis when they flank short constituents than when they flank long ones. The results
of two listening experiments indicate that they do, suggesting that listeners attend not just to properties of the input signal,
but also to the reasons why speakers produce those properties. 相似文献
67.
Prosodic phrasing is central to language comprehension 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Words, like musical notes, are grouped together into phrases by their rhythmic and durational properties as well as their tonal pitch. This 'prosodic phrasing' affects the understanding of sentences. Many processing studies of prosody have investigated sentences with a single, grammatically required prosodic boundary, which might be interpreted strictly locally, as a signal to end the current syntactic unit. Recent results suggest, however, that the global pattern of prosodic phrasing is what matters in sentence comprehension, not just the occurrence or size of a single local boundary. In this article we claim that the impact of prosodic boundaries depends on the other prosodic choices a speaker has made. We speculate that prosody serves to hold distinct linguistic representations together in memory. 相似文献
68.
Effects of script training on the peer‐to‐peer communication of children with autism spectrum disorder 下载免费PDF全文
69.
Katy Fulfer 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2015,30(4):846-861
Feminist scholars have done much to identify oppressive forces within transnational commercial contract pregnancy and its social context that may coerce women into becoming gestational laborers. Feminists have also been careful not to depict gestational laborers as merely passive victims of oppression, though there is disagreement about the degree to which contract pregnancy offers opportunities for agency. In this article I consider how women who sell gestational labor may be agents against their oppression. I make explicit connections between resistance and judgment, which I will take to be a critically considered, intersubjective evaluative claim. Drawing on work by Jennifer Nedelsky and Hannah Arendt, my main argument will be that individual judgments can better enable oppressed persons to resist some aspects of their oppression, and that judgment helps to (further) develop agential capacities, in particular, the capacity for a person to be self‐constituting, to see herself as giving reasons for her own actions. I use Indian contract pregnancy as a case study to think through connections between resistance and judgment. 相似文献
70.
Katy J. Lobley Alan D. Baddeley Susan E. Gathercole 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》2005,58(8):1462-1478
Phonological similarity effects were used to assess the role of acoustic coding in verbal complex span, a processing-plus-storage measure found to correlate significantly with aspects of complex cognition. Three experiments demonstrated consistent effects of phonological similarity on listening span. These effects appeared relatively insensitive to manipulations of task materials (Experiment 1) and differences in processing task demands (Experiments 2 and 3). The results were interpreted as reflecting a significant role for the phonological loop in supporting verbal complex span and a multicomponent view of working memory, as tapped by these tests. Phonological similarity did not significantly interact with aspects of the tasks varied across Experiments 1 to 3, suggesting a relative robustness of the effect. However, variation in the phonological similarity effect sizes across Experiments 1 to 3 supports the suggestion that task demands and characteristics have the potential to disrupt the phonological similarity effect and, by implication, the reliance on a phonological code. 相似文献