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排序方式: 共有277条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Miller GD Iverson KM Kemmelmeier M Maclane C Pistorello J Fruzzetti AE Crenshaw KY Erikson KM Katrichak BM Oser M Pruitt LD Watkins MM 《Professional psychology, research and practice》2010,41(3):228-235
Psychotherapists often experience stress while providing psychotherapy, in particular when working with difficult presentations such as suicidality. As part of a larger study on the treatment of recently suicidal college students with borderline traits, 6 therapists in training collected their own salivary samples for alpha-amylase (AA) and cortisol (C) analyses immediately before and after sessions with 2 selected clients. On average, samples were collected for the same therapist-patient dyad throughout the year-long study to ensure that data reflected therapist responses across stages of treatment. Therapists also completed a working alliance questionnaire and rated perceived session difficulty immediately after each selected session. Contrary to expectations, therapists demonstrated elevated levels of stress as measured by AA and C at presession relative to postsession levels. Greater session difficulty was related to more pronounced declines in AA, whereas a stronger working alliance was linked to more pronounced reductions in C. Results suggest that physiological stress responses while working with recently suicidal clients with borderline traits occur primarily in terms of session anticipatory anxiety, whereas AA and C changes may be affected differently by factors such as session difficulty and working alliance. This is a pilot study, limited by its sample size, but the design, findings, and inclusion of physiological measures present an initial step in an essential line of research. 相似文献
42.
Ryan T. Howell Katrina S. Rodzon Mark Kurai Amy H. Sanchez 《Behavior research methods》2010,42(3):775-784
Internet research is appealing because it is a cost- and time-efficient way to access a large number of participants; however,
the validity of Internet research for important subjective well-being (SWB) surveys has not been adequately assessed. The
goal of the present study was to validate the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985),
the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-X; Watson & Clark, 1994), and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS; Lyubomirsky
& Lepper, 1999) for use on the Internet. This study compared the quality of data collected using paper-based (paper-and-pencil
version in a lab setting), computer-based (Web-based version in a lab setting), and Internet (Web-based version on a computer
of the participant’s choosing) surveys for these three measures of SWB. The paper-based and computer-based experiment recruited
two college student samples; the Internet experiments recruited a college student sample and an adult sample responding to
ads on different social-networking Web sites. This study provides support for the reliability, validity, and generalizability
of the Internet format of the SWLS, PANAS-X, and SHS. Across the three experiments, the results indicate that the computer-based
and Internet surveys had means, standard deviations, reliabilities, and factor structures that were similar to those of the
paper-based versions. The discussion examines the difficulty of higher attrition for the Internet version, the need to examine
reverse-coded items in the future, and the possibility that unhappy individuals are more likely to participate in Internet
surveys of SWB. 相似文献
43.
Wann Daniel L. Koch Katrina Knoth Tasha Fox David Aljubaily Hesham Lantz Christopher D. 《The Psychological record》2006,56(1):55-66
The Psychological Record - The current investigation examined sport fans’ impressions of an athlete described as a potential member of their team or a potential member of a rival team. In... 相似文献
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46.
Attentional bias in emotional disorders 总被引:44,自引:0,他引:44
47.
Consistent with Tversky and Kahneman's (1973, 1974) availability heuristic hypothesis, the current study found a negative correlation between recall latency for past events and the perceived future probability of similar events. Furthermore, when the relative accessibility of memories of positive and negative events was experimentally manipulated using the Velten mood-induction procedure, the perceived future probabilities of similar events also changed in a manner consistent with the availability heuristic account. Reductions in recall latencies resulting from the mood manipulations were, as predicted, related to increases in perceived probability, and vice versa. Partial correlations indicated that this association between the observed patterns of changes in recall latencies and probability judgments could not be accounted for by the existence of independent associations between each of these effects and the magnitude of mood change. 相似文献
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49.
Anxiety and the allocation of attention to threat 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Colin MacLeod Andrew Mathews 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1988,40(4):653-670
Using a probe detection technique we have recently demonstrated that anxious subjects consistently deploy attention towards threat-related stimuli, whereas non-anxious controls tend to move attention away from such material (MacLeod, Mathews, & Tata, 1986).
The current study employed the same paradigm but attempted to distinguish the role of trait and state anxiety by testing high- and low-trait students when state anxiety was relatively low (12 weeks before a major examination) and again when it was relatively high (one week before this examination). High-trait subjects alone tended to shift attention towards generally threatening material on both test occasions. Results for examination-related stimuli were more complex. Increased proximity to the examination was associated with an increase in attentional bias towards such threat stimuli in high-trait subjects, but with increased attentional avoidance of such stimuli in low-trait subjects. It is suggested that the attentional response to currently relevant stress-related stimuli may be associated with neither trait nor state anxiety alone, but with an interactive function involving both these variables. These results are discussed in relation to existing models of emotion and cognition, and alternative interpretations of the findings are considered. 相似文献
The current study employed the same paradigm but attempted to distinguish the role of trait and state anxiety by testing high- and low-trait students when state anxiety was relatively low (12 weeks before a major examination) and again when it was relatively high (one week before this examination). High-trait subjects alone tended to shift attention towards generally threatening material on both test occasions. Results for examination-related stimuli were more complex. Increased proximity to the examination was associated with an increase in attentional bias towards such threat stimuli in high-trait subjects, but with increased attentional avoidance of such stimuli in low-trait subjects. It is suggested that the attentional response to currently relevant stress-related stimuli may be associated with neither trait nor state anxiety alone, but with an interactive function involving both these variables. These results are discussed in relation to existing models of emotion and cognition, and alternative interpretations of the findings are considered. 相似文献
50.
Strategy manipulation and the Stroop effect in hypnosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1