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排序方式: 共有141条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Mark Shevlin Gary Adamson Katrina Collins 《Personality and individual differences》2003,35(8):1993-2005
The longitudinal psychometric properties of SPPC were assessed using a sample of 157 schoolchildren across four time periods using structural equation modeling. The theoretically derived multidimensional structure of SPPC (Harter, 1985) and its associated reliabilities were found to be fairly consistent overtime. The stability of the factor structure, however, did vary across repeated administrations: the stability of the second-order self-perception factor was relatively low (0.629) between first and second administrations, increasing between times two and three (0.812), while reaching the highest point (0.941) across times three and four. This result could be attributable to either a growing familiarization with scale items, the response format, or natural respondent maturation. While the reason underlying temporal instability is uncertain, the results do suggest that caution should be exercised when interpreting SPPC scores particularly in intervention designs with comparatively long intervening periods. 相似文献
52.
A within-subjects design was used to compare explicit timing and interspersal with college students. Students were given 3 minutes to complete problems on the explicit timing assignment (25 problems, 3 digits –3 digits) and the interspersal assignment (25 similar problems and 10 problems, 1 digit –1 digit). Results indicated that: (a) students completed more total problems during interspersal for both trials, (b) students completed more target problems during explicit timing for the second trial, and (c) students only preferred interspersal for the first trial. The data from trial one fit the discrete task completion hypothesis and matching law, yet the data from trial two do not match as closely (Skinner, 2002). Discussion focuses on continued need for more research on academic interventions, comparing academic interventions, the discrete task completion hypothesis, and the matching law. 相似文献
53.
Gayla Margolin Katrina A. Vickerman Michelle C. Ramos Sarah Duman Serrano Elana B. Gordis Esti Iturralde Pamella H. Oliver Lauren A. Spies 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2009,12(1):39-54
With considerable literature establishing how separate types of violence disrupt the lives of children, there is emerging
interest in examining violence across multiple interpersonal domains. This article examines four commonly occurring and frequently
researched domains of violence exposure: marital physical aggression, mother-to-youth aggression, father-to-youth aggression,
and community violence. A community-based sample of 103 parents and youth provided three waves of data at annual intervals
beginning when the youth were aged 9–10. We explored stability of exposure, co-occurrence across different types of violence
exposure, and associations with co-occurring risk factors. Approximately 30–45% of youth reported intermittent exposure over
the 3 years. In addition to overlap among types of violence exposure within the family, we found overlap between parent-to-youth
aggression and community violence, an association that was exacerbated in families where fathers reported high levels of global
distress symptoms. Mother-to-youth, father-to-youth, and community violence related to youth behavior problems beyond the
contextual risk factors of low income, stressful life events, and parents’ global distress symptoms. These results highlight
the importance of examining violence longitudinally, across multiple types, and with attention to contextual factors. 相似文献
54.
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is characterized by a susceptibility to colorectal and extra-colonic cancers. Several guidelines exist for the identification of families suspected of having HNPCC, however these guidelines lack adequate sensitivity and specificity. In an attempt to improve accuracy for the detection of individuals with HNPCC, the Wijnen pre-test probability model (1998) and Myriad Genetics Laboratory prevalence table (2004) were developed. Here we evaluate the Wijnen model and Myriad table at predicting the presence of a mutation in individuals undergoing genetic testing for HNPCC. Forty-nine patients who had undergone genetic testing for germline mutations in hMLH1 and/or hMSH2 were part of our analysis. Our results revealed that the revised Bethesda guidelines performed with the highest sensitivity for germline mutations (94.4%), however the specificity was low (12.9%). Using a 10.0% mutation probability threshold, the Wijnen model and Myriad table had sensitivities of 55.6 and 60.0%, respectively and specificities of 54.8 and 23.8%, respectively. The Wijnen model and Myriad table were poor predictors of mutation prevalence, which is shown by the areas underneath their corresponding receiver operator characteristic curves (0.616 and 0.400, respectively). The results of this study demonsrate that neither the Wijnen model nor the Myriad table are sensitive or specific enough to be used as the only indication when to offer genetic testing for HNPCC. 相似文献
55.
We assessed aspects of the reliability and validity of three measures of socialcognitive processing in children that have been developed to investigate the relations of such processes to childhood depression: the Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire (CASQ), the Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ), and the Common Beliefs Inventory for Students (CBIS). In an unselected sample of 61 children, aged 8 to 12, the internal consistencies of the total scores on the CNCEQ and the CBIS were good; for the CASQ, it was only moderate. Internal consistencies of all subscale scores were inadequate. Despite this, several subscale and total scores were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and the measures were generally correlated with each other. Although these data are encouraging concerning the role of social-cognitive processing in childhood depression, the field needs to develop psychometrically stronger measures and to test the role of social cognition in prospective studies of depression.This study was supported in part by a grant from the Spencer Foundation Awards to Young Scholars Program to the first author. The authors would like to express their thanks to Deborah Long for secretarial assistance, and to W. Edward Craighead, John Curry, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier draft of this article. 相似文献
56.
Polo AJ Zychinski KE Roundfield KE 《Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology》2012,18(3):297-306
Parental involvement in school-related tasks is associated with a number of positive outcomes across ethnic groups. However, a growing literature suggests that unique forms of involvement and barriers exist among linguistic minority Latino families. The Parental Schoolwork Support Measure-Youth (PSSM-Y) is introduced in this study along with the psychometric properties found with a sample of 133 Latino youth in Grades 5 through 7 from a public school in a low-income urban neighborhood. Exploratory factor analyses indicated the presence of three factors called direct support, language and support, and indirect support, which together accounted for 66.3% of the common variance in the 16-item version. Strong internal consistency and test-retest coefficients were found for the PSSM-Y in this sample. In addition, schoolwork support was correlated with youth depression, economic pressure, loneliness, and familism in the expected directions. The findings are discussed in terms of the potential utility of this measure for future school-based studies of Latino students and youth of immigrant backgrounds in the United States. 相似文献
57.
USING CALIBRATION AND INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT ALGORITHMS TO ASSESS THE ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF DATA FROM ELECTRONIC AND PEN‐AND‐PAPER CONTINUOUS RECORDING METHODS
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Katrina J. Phillips Oliver C. Mudford Jason R. Zeleny Douglas Elliffe 《Behavioral Interventions》2014,29(4):315-330
Often it is assumed that electronic recording by observers necessarily provides better quality data than pen‐and‐paper methods. Fifteen novice observers recorded rates of responding from 10 role‐played video samples using one of three continuous recording input formats: keyboard (laptop), touchscreen (personal digital assistants), or pen‐and‐paper. We evaluated the quality of the observers' data compared with criterion records using calibration and interobserver agreement algorithms. Results of the calibration analysis revealed that observers in the touchscreen group produced the most consistently accurate and precise data, the keyboard group observers showed wide variation in precision and accuracy, and the pen‐and‐paper group observers were significantly less precise than the touchscreen group. We conclude that although electronic recording has the potential to be as accurate as, and more precise than, pen‐and‐paper methods, this is far from guaranteed. Analyses of observers' errors advise recommendations for improving data accuracy and precision when using each method. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
58.
Jenss Chang Katrina Schnoebelen Steven R. Smith 《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(2):250-253
Alcohol-dependent outpatients were clustered on the basis of their responses on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI; Millon, 1983) personality disorder scales; male and female patients were clustered separately. The clusters were compared with respect to self-reported psychiatric, interpersonal, and drinking problems. The results, along with those of previous cluster analyses with male inpatients, suggest several reliable personality subtypes. One type (more common in inpatient settings) scores high on Negativistic and Avoidant/Schizoid or Dependent scales and reports numerous problems and intense distress. A second type (more common in outpatient settings) reports few problems and scores highest on Compulsive or Histrionic/Narcissistic scales. A third group (found in all and only male samples) scores high on Narcissism and Antisocial scales, readily admits substance problems, and may be interpersonally controlling and distancing. 相似文献
59.
60.
Reliability and Validity of a Short Version of the General Functioning Subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device
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Katrina L. Boterhoven de Haan Jennifer Hafekost David Lawrence Michael G. Sawyer Stephen R. Zubrick 《Family process》2015,54(1):116-123
The General Functioning 12‐item subscale (GF12) of The McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) has been validated as a single index measure to assess family functioning. This study reports on the reliability and validity of using only the six positive items from the General Functioning subscale (GF6+). Existing data from two Western Australian studies, the Raine Study (RS) and the Western Australian Child Health Survey (WACHS), was used to analyze the psychometric properties of the GF6+ subscale. The results demonstrated that the GF6+ subscale had virtually equivalent psychometric properties and was able to identify almost all of the same families who had healthy or unhealthy levels of functioning as the full GF12 subscale. In consideration of the constraints faced by large‐scale population‐based surveys, the findings of this study support the use of a GF6+ subscale from the FAD, as a quick and effective tool to assess the overall functioning of families. 相似文献