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Kara Anne Withrow Kelly A. Tracy Sarah K. Burton Virginia W. Norris Hermine H. Maes Kathleen S. Arnos Arti Pandya 《Journal of genetic counseling》2009,18(6):618-621
Hearing loss is a common sensory deficit and more than 50% of affected individuals have a genetic etiology. The discovery
of 40 genes and more than 100 loci involved in hearing loss has made genetic testing for some of these genes widely available.
Genetic services for deafness are also being sought more often due to the early identification of hearing loss through newborn
screening services. The motivations for pursuing genetic testing, and how genetic services are provided to the client may
differ among individuals. Additionally, information obtained through genetic testing can be perceived and used in different
ways by parents of deaf children and deaf adults. This study aimed to follow up on focus group studies published earlier with
a quantitative survey instrument and assess the preference of consumers for provision of genetic services. We conducted a
national survey of hearing and deaf parents of children with hearing loss and of deaf adults. Data was compared and analyzed
by hearing status of the participant, their community affiliation and the genetic testing status using nominal logistic regression.
Consistent with our focus group results, the survey participants thought that a genetic counselor/geneticist would be the
most appropriate professional to provide genetics services. Statistically significant differences were noted in the preferred
choice of provider based on the genetic testing status. Parents preferred that genetic evaluation, including testing, occur
either immediately at or a few months after the audiologic diagnosis of hearing loss. This data should help providers in clinical
genetics keep patient preferences at the helm and provide culturally competent services. 相似文献
303.
Ann Kathleen Burlew Candace S. Johnson Amanda M. Flowers Bridgette J. Peteet Kyna D. Griffith-Henry Natasha D. Buchanan 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(6):680-689
The consequences of the early onset of substance use on later outcomes are a public health concern. In the present study,
we examined neighborhood risk factors as a possible predictor of the onset of substance use in adolescents. In addition, we
assessed the potential buffering effects of parental supervision on the relationship between neighborhood risk and the onset
of substance use. The participants included 95, abstinent, African American 6th graders (mean age = 11.5 years) who enrolled
in one site of a national, multi-site study of high-risk youth participating in a federally sponsored program. In the 6th
and 8th grades, the participants completed self-report measures regarding substance use, perceived negative neighborhood activities
and parental supervision. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that both exposure to negative neighborhood activities
and low parental supervision increase the onset of substance use by the 8th grade among African American adolescents. However,
the results suggested that parents can protect their adolescents from the impact of exposure to adverse neighborhood factors
by providing appropriate supervision. 相似文献
304.
A differential reinforcement of low (DRL) rates procedure was implemented as a changing criterion design with positive punishment and response marking to reduce attention‐maintained behavior of screaming, profanity, and disruptive behaviors of three adolescent males. One participant was diagnosed with static encephalopathy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and severe mental retardation, the other two were diagnosed with Down syndrome, one with moderate mental retardation, and the other with severe mental retardation. Through response marking, a verbal warning was delivered immediately following the initial occurrence of a target behavior. A special token (positive punishment) was immediately delivered with a verbal cue and placed on a behavior board following the next occurrence of that behavior. Appropriate requests (hand‐raising) for attention was acknowledged and reinforced with verbal praise. The DRL procedure, combined with positive punishment and response marking, was successful in decreasing the frequency of targeted behaviors amongst all participants. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
305.
Kathleen C. Basile Dorothy L. Espelage Ian Rivers Pamela M. McMahon Thomas R. Simon 《Aggression and violent behavior》2009,14(5):336-347
Bullying experiences and male sexual violence (SV) perpetration are major public health problems, and while extant literature suggests that they may share some developmental correlates, there is no established empirical link between being a perpetrator or victim of bullying and SV perpetration in the literature. Nonetheless, some SV prevention programs in the U.S. include bullying prevention components for elementary and middle-school aged children. Research is needed to test the hypothesized links between bullying experiences and SV perpetration to determine whether bullying prevention programs are likely to prevent SV perpetration. The purpose of this paper is to present results from a review of research on each of these topics and to discuss the potential shared and unique risk and protective factors within a social-ecological framework. The paper concludes with suggested directions for future research. 相似文献
306.
Flannelly KJ Galek K Tannenbaum HP Handzo GF 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2007,61(1-2):19-29
The authors conducted an electronic search of the Medline database for articles measuring family satisfaction. Content analysis was then performed on the relevant studies to determine the types of themes included in scales measuring family satisfaction in healthcare settings. The authors used these themes to develop a scale for measuring the effectiveness of pastoral care with family members. A convenience sample of chaplains that was asked to judge the usefulness of each of the scale items, rated them all, on average, to be "somewhat useful" to "very useful" for evaluating chaplains' effectiveness. The value of the scale is discussed in terms of its being a more outcome-oriented measure of effectiveness compared to typical family satisfaction instruments. 相似文献
307.
Researchers have yet to examine the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on early child behavior problems (BPs) longitudinally. We examined the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on overt BPs in a low-income, urban sample of 281 African American and European American boys followed longitudinally from toddlerhood to school entry. Measures included census data and maternal report of BPs, sociocultural factors, parental criminality, and maternal depressive symptomatology. After controlling for age 2 overt BPs, family selection variables, and residential instability, neighborhood effects on boys' behavior emerged, but only at age 6 and only at the extreme of neighborhood disadvantage (i.e., underclass). Findings suggest boys in underclass neighborhoods are at risk for overt BPs as they make the transition to elementary school. 相似文献
308.
This study of 33 student therapists, 402 client systems, and three supervisors tested the efficacy of using student co-therapy teams as an aspect of clinical training in a marriage and family therapy program. This study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Two research questions were addressed: “Do different pairings of co-therapists affect client outcomes?” and “Is co-therapy a viable option for a training program?” The results indicate that client outcomes using co-therapy are at least as effective as treatment using one therapist and in some circumstances produce more positive outcomes for both clients and student therapists. 相似文献
309.
310.