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261.
Kathleen L Hourihan Samantha Goldberg Tracy L Taylor 《Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale》2007,61(2):91-101
This study examined whether spatial location mediates intentional forgetting of peripherally presented words. Using an item-method directed forgetting paradigm, words were presented in peripheral locations at study. A recognition test presented all words at either the same or a different location relative to study. Results showed that while recognition of Remember words was unaffected by test location, when Forget words were presented in the same location at test as at study, recognition accuracy was significantly greater than when presented in a different location. Experiment 2 showed that the speed to localize a previously studied word was faster when it was presented in the same rather than a different study-test location but that the magnitude of this spatial priming was unaffected by memory instruction. We suggest that the location of peripherally presented words is represented in memory and can aid the retrieval of poorly encoded words. 相似文献
262.
Michelle A. Swain Pamela. Joy Kathleen. Bakker E. Arthur. Shores Carolyn. West 《Journal of Neuropsychology》2009,3(2):229-244
The aim of the study was to use cognitive neuropsychological analysis to investigate object‐based visual processing skills in children with spina bifida myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus (SBH). Fourteen children with SBH (aged 8–12) and 21 age‐, socio‐economic status‐, and Verbal IQ‐matched healthy controls were assessed using the Birmingham Object Recognition Battery. Overall, the performance of the children with SBH on the object‐processing tasks was intact, indicating normal development of the ventral visual processing pathway. While the initial results indicated that the children with SBH performed statistically significantly less accurately on some tasks, these group differences no longer met significance criteria after capacity for sustained attention was statistically controlled. 相似文献
263.
Susan J. Wenze Kathleen C. Gunthert Nicholas R. Forand Jean-Philippe Laurenceau 《Journal of personality》2009,77(3):795-824
Abstract We used an experience sampling methodology to explore the relationship between current symptoms of dysphoria and momentary mood fluctuations following everyday experiences of anger. Using PDA devices, participants rated their mood, ruminative cognitions, feelings of dependency, and stressful events 4 times per day for 1 week. We hypothesized and found that those higher in dysphoria would demonstrate a stronger link between anger and depressed mood than those who were lower in dysphoria. Those participants who reported higher initial dysphoria indicated more anger over the course of the week, a stronger within-person association between anger and depressed mood, and a slower recovery from anger experiences. Multilevel moderated mediation analyses indicated that the link between anger and depressed mood for those high in dysphoria is largely explained by a stronger carryover of anger from one assessment to the next and partially explained by greater increases in ruminative cognitions and feelings of dependency. The change in depressed mood appears to occur with increases in anger, specifically, and not other negative mood states. Our results extend previous research on the anger–depression relationship by investigating the short-term relationships between anger and depressed mood among those with varying levels of dysphoria. 相似文献
264.
265.
Kara Anne Withrow Kelly A. Tracy Sarah K. Burton Virginia W. Norris Hermine H. Maes Kathleen S. Arnos Arti Pandya 《Journal of genetic counseling》2009,18(6):618-621
Hearing loss is a common sensory deficit and more than 50% of affected individuals have a genetic etiology. The discovery
of 40 genes and more than 100 loci involved in hearing loss has made genetic testing for some of these genes widely available.
Genetic services for deafness are also being sought more often due to the early identification of hearing loss through newborn
screening services. The motivations for pursuing genetic testing, and how genetic services are provided to the client may
differ among individuals. Additionally, information obtained through genetic testing can be perceived and used in different
ways by parents of deaf children and deaf adults. This study aimed to follow up on focus group studies published earlier with
a quantitative survey instrument and assess the preference of consumers for provision of genetic services. We conducted a
national survey of hearing and deaf parents of children with hearing loss and of deaf adults. Data was compared and analyzed
by hearing status of the participant, their community affiliation and the genetic testing status using nominal logistic regression.
Consistent with our focus group results, the survey participants thought that a genetic counselor/geneticist would be the
most appropriate professional to provide genetics services. Statistically significant differences were noted in the preferred
choice of provider based on the genetic testing status. Parents preferred that genetic evaluation, including testing, occur
either immediately at or a few months after the audiologic diagnosis of hearing loss. This data should help providers in clinical
genetics keep patient preferences at the helm and provide culturally competent services. 相似文献
266.
Ann Kathleen Burlew Candace S. Johnson Amanda M. Flowers Bridgette J. Peteet Kyna D. Griffith-Henry Natasha D. Buchanan 《Journal of child and family studies》2009,18(6):680-689
The consequences of the early onset of substance use on later outcomes are a public health concern. In the present study,
we examined neighborhood risk factors as a possible predictor of the onset of substance use in adolescents. In addition, we
assessed the potential buffering effects of parental supervision on the relationship between neighborhood risk and the onset
of substance use. The participants included 95, abstinent, African American 6th graders (mean age = 11.5 years) who enrolled
in one site of a national, multi-site study of high-risk youth participating in a federally sponsored program. In the 6th
and 8th grades, the participants completed self-report measures regarding substance use, perceived negative neighborhood activities
and parental supervision. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that both exposure to negative neighborhood activities
and low parental supervision increase the onset of substance use by the 8th grade among African American adolescents. However,
the results suggested that parents can protect their adolescents from the impact of exposure to adverse neighborhood factors
by providing appropriate supervision. 相似文献
267.
Kathleen C. Basile Dorothy L. Espelage Ian Rivers Pamela M. McMahon Thomas R. Simon 《Aggression and violent behavior》2009,14(5):336-347
Bullying experiences and male sexual violence (SV) perpetration are major public health problems, and while extant literature suggests that they may share some developmental correlates, there is no established empirical link between being a perpetrator or victim of bullying and SV perpetration in the literature. Nonetheless, some SV prevention programs in the U.S. include bullying prevention components for elementary and middle-school aged children. Research is needed to test the hypothesized links between bullying experiences and SV perpetration to determine whether bullying prevention programs are likely to prevent SV perpetration. The purpose of this paper is to present results from a review of research on each of these topics and to discuss the potential shared and unique risk and protective factors within a social-ecological framework. The paper concludes with suggested directions for future research. 相似文献
268.
Flannelly KJ Galek K Tannenbaum HP Handzo GF 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2007,61(1-2):19-29
The authors conducted an electronic search of the Medline database for articles measuring family satisfaction. Content analysis was then performed on the relevant studies to determine the types of themes included in scales measuring family satisfaction in healthcare settings. The authors used these themes to develop a scale for measuring the effectiveness of pastoral care with family members. A convenience sample of chaplains that was asked to judge the usefulness of each of the scale items, rated them all, on average, to be "somewhat useful" to "very useful" for evaluating chaplains' effectiveness. The value of the scale is discussed in terms of its being a more outcome-oriented measure of effectiveness compared to typical family satisfaction instruments. 相似文献
269.
In three experiments, we examined a new memory phenomenon: disputed memories, in which people dispute ownership of a memory. For example, in one disputed memory each of two twins recollected being sent home from school for wearing too short a skirt, although only one of them was actually sent home. In Experiment 1, 20 sets of same-sex adult twins were asked to produce a memory for each of 45 words, and most twins spontaneously produced at least one disputed memory. In Experiment 2,20 different sets of same-sex adult twins rated disputed memories as higher in recollective experience, imagery, and emotional reliving than nondisputed memories. In Experiment 3, siblings who were close in age as well as same-sex friends were also found to have disputed memories, but less often than twins. 相似文献
270.
This study of 33 student therapists, 402 client systems, and three supervisors tested the efficacy of using student co-therapy teams as an aspect of clinical training in a marriage and family therapy program. This study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Two research questions were addressed: “Do different pairings of co-therapists affect client outcomes?” and “Is co-therapy a viable option for a training program?” The results indicate that client outcomes using co-therapy are at least as effective as treatment using one therapist and in some circumstances produce more positive outcomes for both clients and student therapists. 相似文献