Book reviews

Unfolding Islam. P. J. Stewart. xiii + 252 pp. hb., £24.00, London, Ithaca Press, 1994, ISBN 0 86372 194 X; pb. London, Garnet Publishing, 1995, ISBN 1 85964 046 X.

The Basics 2: Islam. Roland Machatschke, 1995. London, SCM Press, 89 pp., pb. £5.95, ISBN 0 334 02603 2.

Voices of Islam. John Bowker 1995. Oxford, Oneworld, 188 pp., pb. £8.95, ISBN 1 85168 095 0.

Abraham, A Symbol of Hope for Jews, Christians and Muslims. Kakl‐Josef Kuschel, 1995. London, SCM, xxix + 286 pp., pb. £14.95, ISBN 0 334 02567 2.

Petrus Alfonsi and his Medieval Readers. J Tolan, 1993. Gainesville, University Press of Florida, 288 pp., pb. £15.00, ISBN 0 8130 1239 2; hb, £31.00, ISBN 0 8130 1238 4.

Islamic Science and Engineering. Donald R. Hill, 1993. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 250 pp., pb. £16.95, ISBN 0 7486 0455 3.

Islam: the view from the edge. Richard W. Bulliet, 1994. New York, Columbia University Press, 236 pp., pb. $16.95, £11.95, ISBN 0 231 08219 3.

Pioneers of Islamic Revival. Ali Rahnema (Ed.), 1994. London, Zed Books, 279 pp., hb. £36.95, ISBN 1 85649 253 2; pb. £14.95, ISBN 1 85649 254 0.

Freiheit der Religion: Christentum und Islam unter dem Anspruch der Men‐schenrechte [Freedom of Religion; Christianity and Islam tinder the claims of human rights]. Johannes Schwartländer (Ed.), 1993. Mainz, Matthias Grünewald Verlag, 474 pp., DM 48.

Religion, Law and Society: A Christian‐Muslim Discussion. Tarek Mitri (Ed.), 1995. Geneva, WCC Publications and Kampen, Kok Pharos, 154pp, pb. £9.95, ISBN 2 8254 1148 5 (WCC) and 90 390 0514 1.

Muslims in Western Europe. J?rgen Nielsen, 1995 (2nd Edition). Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 190 pp., £14.95, ISBN 0 7486 0617 3.

From Ta'izz to Tyneside: an Arab community in the north‐east of England during the early twentieth century. Richard I. Lawless, 1995. Exeter, University of Exeter Press, 292 pp., pb. n.p., ISBN 0 85989 460 6.

The New Middle East. Shimon Peres with Arye Naor, 1993. Shaftesbury, Element Books, 224 pp., hb. £16.99, ISBN 1 85230 519 3.

The Palestinians: the road to nationhood. David McDowall, 1994. London, Minority Rights Group, 215 pp., hb. £15.95, ISBN 1 873194 70 6.

Mahdism in West Africa: the Ijebu Mahdiyya movement. P.B. Clarke, 1995. London, Luzac Oriental, 224 pp., hb. £30.00, ISBN 1 898942 06 4.

Assaulting with Words: popular discourse and the bridle of Shari^cah. A. A. Ibrahim, 1994. Evanston, IL, Northwestern University Press, 208 pp., hb. 859.95, ISBN 0 8101 1081 4.

The Vanguard of the Islamic Revolution: the Jama't‐i Islami of Pakistan. Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr, 1994. London, I. B. Tauris, 301 pp., hb. n.p., ISBN 1 85043 862 3; pb. £14.95, ISBN 1 85043 864 1.     

Guidance in the Royal County of Berkshire,England

This study answers the question, How are the secondary schools in Berkshire, England, organized for the guidance of their pupils? The method used to investigate this topic included visits to about one-fourth of the publicly supported secondary schools in the Royal County of Berkshire, conversations with headmasters and headmistresses, youth officers, teachers, and students. It was found that until July, 1966, no trained counselors, as we know them in the United States, were employed in the Berkshire schools. However, the schools were organized so that educational, vocational, and personal counseling was provided to some degree by a variety of persons on the administrative and teaching staff and by representatives of community and government-supported organizations.     

HUMAN FIGURE DRAWINGS BY NORMAL AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED CHILDREN: DRAW-A-PERSON TEST

N ielsen , H elle H. Human figure drawings by normal and physically handicapped children. Scand. J. Psychol ., 1961, 2 , 129–138.—Cerebral palsied children (spastic hemiplegia and paraplegia) were compared with normal children on nineteen formal variables of Draw-a-Person Test. Contrary to prediction, no differences were found between the experimental and matched control group, but one variable (Extremities lacking) was scored more frequently on hemiplegic than on paraplegic children. A comparison of the two groups showed that a significantly larger number of spastic drawings than normal drawings had a Goodenough IQ that was more than 10 points lower than their Binet IQ. A clinical psychologist, with much experience of figure drawings, sorted the drawings better than chance, only informed about age and IQ of the subject.     

Music, emotion, and autobiographical memory: They’re playing your song

Very long-term memory for popular music was investigated. Older and younger adults listened to 20-sec excerpts of popular songs drawn from across the 20th century. The subjects gave emotionality and preference ratings and tried to name the title, artist, and year of popularity for each excerpt. They also performed a cued memory test for the lyrics. The older adults' emotionality ratings were highest for songs from their youth; they remembered more about these songs, as well. However, the stimuli failed to cue many autobiographical memories of specific events. Further analyses revealed that the older adults were less likely than the younger adults to retrieve multiple attributes of a song together (i.e., title and artist) and that there was a significant positive correlation between emotion and memory, especially for the older adults. These results have implications for research on long-term memory, as well as on the relationship between emotion and memory.     

Evidence for developmentally based diagnoses of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder

This paper compares the validity of DSM-III-R diagnoses of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) and an alternative option which is subdivided into three levels according to developmental sequence and severity: modified oppositional disorder (MODD), intermediate CD (ICD), and advanced CD (ACD). Using a sample of 177 boys followed over 3 years, both the DSM-III-R and the alternative diagnostic constructs are evaluated on three criteria: symptom discriminative validity, and diagnostic external and predictive validity. Most DSM-III-R ODD and CD symptoms discriminated between ODD and CD, but exceptions are noted. Additional analyses demonstrated considerable overlap among DSM-III-R oppositional symptoms. The majority of the symptoms proposed for the alternative option could be assigned to a specific level based on acceptable symptom discrimination. External validity lent support to the distinctions between DSM-III-R ODD and CD, and between MODD, ICD, and ACD. MODD was a better predictor than ODD of which boys received a later diagnosis of CD. Suggestions are made for the inclusion and exclusion of symptoms for developmentally based diagnoses of oppositional and conduct disorders.This research was supported by a grant from the John D. and Catherine R. MacArthur Foundation to the American Psychiatric Association, and grant 1-RO1-MH42529-04 from the National Institute of Mental Health. The authors are indebted to Paul Frick for his advice with some of the statistical analyses, and particularly to Ms. Judith Navratil for her expert help in data collection.     

Socialization of teenage girls through teen-magazine fiction: The making of a new woman or an old lady?

A content analysis of the fiction in Seventeen and 'Teen revealed that few of the stories offered anything but traditional socialization messages for teenage girls. In more than half, the main character did not actively solve her own problems but depended on someone else to do it for her. Almost half of the conflicts were about relationships with boys. Excluding the 10 rated by coders as neutral, all but 2 of the 44 occupations mentioned in the stories were stereotypically portrayed.     

Book reviews and notes

GENERAL. A MEDIEVAL MUSLIM SCHOLAR AT WORK:IBN TAWUS AND HIS LIBRARY. By Etan Kohlberg. Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science: Texts and Studies. Edited by H. Daiber and D. Pingree. Vol. XXII. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1992. 470pp. Hb. $120.00. ISBN 90-04-09549-7. AL-FARABI AND HIS SCHOOL. By Ian Richard Netton. London and New York: Routledge, 1992. 128pp. £10.99. Pb. ISBN 0-415-03595-3; Hb. 0-415-03594-5. PROBLEMS OF THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF ALBERT HOURANI. Edited by John P. Spagnolo. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1992. 309pp. Hb. £30.00. ISBN 0-86372-164-8. WOMAN'S BODY, WOMAN'S WORLD: GENDER AND DISCOURSE IN ARAB-ISLAMIC WRITING. By Fedwa Malti-Douglas. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. 206pp. $12.95. ISBN 0-691-01488-4. AVICENNA. By Lenn E. Goodman. London and New York: Routledge, 1992. 240pp. Pb.£12.99. ISBN: 0-415-07409-6. EURO-ARAB RELATIONS: A STUDY IN COLLECTIVE DIPLOMACY. By Haifaa A. Jawad. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1992. 302pp. Hb.£25.00. ISBN 0-86372-129-X. DER ISLAM: EIN LESEBUCH. Edited by MARIA HAARMANN. Beck'sche Reihe; 479. Munchen: C.H. Beck, 1992. 388pp. Pb. DM12.-. ISBN 3-406-340717. DIE ISLAMISCH WELT UND EUROPA: KULTURELLE VERSTAN-DIGUNG ALS POLITISCHE HERAUSFORDERUNG. By Hans A. Fischer-Barnicol. Stuttgart, Berlin, Koln: Verlag Kohlhammer, 1991. 260pp. Pb. DM34.80. ISBN 3-17-011749-1. DER KORAN: ARABISCH-DEUTSCH: UBERSETZUNG UND WISSENSCHAFTLICHER KOMMENTAR. By Adel Theodor Khoury. Band 3: sure 2,213-2,286. Gutersloh: Gutersloher Verlagshaus Gerd Mohn, 1992. 299pp. Hb. DM175.-. ISBN 3-579-00338-0. SHIISM. By Heinz Halm. Islamic Surveys, 18. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1992. 218pp. Hb. £25.00. ISBN 0-7486-0268-2. ISLAM-LEXIKON A-Z. By Adel Th. Khoury, Ludwig Hagemann and Petet Heine. 3 vols. Freiburg i.Br.: Herder, 1991. 941pp. Pb. DM78.00. ISBN 3-451-04036-0. LEXIKON DER ISLAMISCHEN WELT. By Klaus Kreiser and Rotraud Wielandt. Vollig uberarbeitete Neuausgabe. Stuttgart, Berlin, Koln: W. Kohlhammer, 1992. 289pp. Hb. DM34.00. ISBN 3-17-011770-X. ALLMACHT UND MACHTIGKEIT: RELIGION UND WELT IM ISLAM. By Johann Christoph Burgel. Munchen: C.H. Beck, 1991. 416pp. Hb. DM48.00. ISBN 3-406-35374-6. EXEGESE, LANGUE ET THEOLOGIE EN ISLAM: L'EXEGESE CORANIQUE DE TABARI. By Claude Gilliot. Paris: J. Vrin, 1990 320pp. Pb. 252FF. ISBN 2-7116-1033-0. INTERPRETATION IN RELIGION. Edited by Shlomo Biderman and Benami Scharfstein. Leiden, New York, Koln: E.J. Brill, 1992. 290pp. Hb. DFL.125.00; $71.50. ISBN 90-04-09519-5; ISSN 0924-7904. REGIONAL. Africa. THE SUFI BROTHERHOODS IN SUDAN. By Ali Salih Karrar. London: C. Hurst, 1992. Hb. £30.00. ISBN 1-85065-111-6. THE CALL FOR DEMOCRACY IN SUDAN. By John Garang. Edited and introduced by Mansour Khalid. London: Kegan Paul International, 1992. 292pp. Pb. £12.95. ISBN 0 7103 0401 3. L'ISLAM AU CHAD. Edited by Centre D'Etude D'Afrique Noire. Bordeaux Institute. d'Etudes Politiques de Bordeaux, 1992. Collection 'Etudes et Recherches'. Pb. 150pp. Pb. 110.00FF. ISBN 2-908065-12-6; ISSN 0151-0207-20. Asia. HAUS UND FAMILIE IN ARABISCHEN LANDERN: VOM MIT-TELALTER BIS ZUM GEGENWART. By Annagret Nippa. Munchen: C.H. Beck, 1991. 244pp. Pb. DM44.00. ISBN 3-406-34603-0. NOMAD: A YEAR IN THE LIFE OF A QASHQA'I TRIBESMAN IN IRAN. By Lois Beck. London: I.B. Tauris, 1991. 489pp. Pb.£14.95. ISBN 1-85043-364-X. THE NORTH CAUCASUS BARRIER: THE RUSSIAN ADVANCE TOWARDS THE MUSLIM WORLD. Edited by Marie Bennigsen Broxup. London: C. Hurst, 1992. 252pp. Hb. £27.50. ISBN 1-85065-069-1. ISLAM IN BANGLADESH. By U.A.B. Razia Akter Banu. International Studies in Sociology and Social Anthropology. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1992. 194pp. $43.00. ISBN 09-04-09497-0. Europe. THE NEW SCOTS: THE STORY OF ASIANS IN SCOTLAND. By Bashir Maan. Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers, 1992. 216pp. Pb. £9.50. ISBN 0-85976-357-9. ARABS IN EXILE: YEMENI MIGRANTS IN URBAN BRITAIN. By Fred Halliday. London: I.B. Tauris, 1992. 166pp. Hb. £35.00. ISBN 1-85043-499-9. ISLAM IN SPANISH LITERATURE: FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE PRESENT. By Luce Lopex-Baralt. Leiden, New York, Koln: E.J. Brill; San Juan: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1992. 323pp. Hb. DFL.145.00; $83.00. ISBN 90-94-09460-1. Middle East. PITY THE NATION: LEBANON AT WAR. By Robert Fisk. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992. 703pp. Pb. £7.99. ISBN 0-19-285284-1. ARMENIA AND KARABAGH: THE STRUGGLE FOR UNITY. Edited by Christopher J. Walker. London: Minority Rights Group, 1991. 162pp. Pb. n.p. ISBN 1-873194-00-5. GENDER IN CRISIS: WOMEN AND THE PALESTINIAN RESISTANCE MOVEMENT. By Julie M. Peteet. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1991. 245pp. Cloth $43.50, pb. $16.00. ISBN 0-231-07446-8 cloth, 0-231-07447-6 pb. POLITICS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. By Elie Kedourie. Oxford, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992. 366pp. Pb. £8,99. ISBN 0-19-289154-5. PALESTINE REBORN. By Walid Khalidi. London: I.B. Tauris, 1992. 234pp. Hb. £35.00, pb. £14.95. ISBN 1-85043-563-4 hb., 1-85043-559-6 pb. NASSER. By Peter Woodward. Profile in Power Series. London and New York: Longman, 1992. 167pp. Pb. £7.50. ISBN 0-582-03389-6. CHRISTIAN-MUSLIM RELATIONS. LES CHRETIENTES D'ORIENT ENTRE JIHAD ET DHIMMITUDE. By Bat Ye'or. Paris: Cerf, 1991. 529pp. Pb. FF199.00. ISBN 2-204-04347-8. NICOLAS OF CUSA IN SEARCH OF GOD AND WISDOM. Edited by Gerald Christianson and Thomas M. Izbicki. Studies in the History of Christian Thought, XLV. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1991. 298pp. Hb. DFL.140,00; $80.00. ISBN 90-04-09362-1. PRISONERS OF FAITH: A VIEW FROM WITHIN. By Nirmala Srinivasan. New Delhi, Newbury Park, London: Sage Publications, 1989. 219pp. Hb. Indian Rs 220.-. ISBN 81-7036-151 (India), 0-8039-9604-7 (US). NEW PERIODICALS ON FAITH ENCOUNTERS.     

Book reviews and notes

THE RUSHDIE FILE. By L. Appignanesi and S. Maitland. London: Fourth Estate, 1989. 258pp. £5.95. ISBN 0–947795–84–7.

BE CAREFUL WITH MUHAMMAD! — THE SALMAN RUSHDIE AFFAIR. By S.Akhtar. London: Bellew, 1989. 136pp. £6.95. ISBN 0–947792–27–9.

A SATANIC AFFAIR: SALMAN RUSHDIE AND THE RAGE OF ISLAM. By M. Ruthven. London: Chatto & Windus, 1990. 184pp. £14.95. ISBN 0–7011–3591–3.

LES NOMS DIVINS EN ISLAM. By Daniel Gimaret. Collection Patrimoines. Paris: Cerf, 1988. 448pp. FF295.00. ISBN 2–204–02828–2.

DIE FESTUNG DES GLAUBENS: TRIUMPH UND SCHEITERN DES ISLAMISCHEN RATIONALISMUS IM 11. JAHRHUNDERT. By Tilman Nagel. München: Beck, 1988. 423pp. Hardback, DM94.00. ISBN 3–406–33280–3.

ISLAMIC SPIRITUALITY FOUNDATIONS. Edited by Seyyed Hossein Nasr. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987. 450pp. Hardback, £39.50. ISBN 0–7102–1097–3.

ALLÄH TRANSCENDENT: STUDIES IN THE STRUCTURE AND SEMIOTICS OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY, THEOLOGY AND COSMOLOGY. By Ian Richard Netton. London and New York: Routlege, 1989. xiii + 383pp. Hardback, £45.00. ISBN Hb. 0–415–01893–5.

MUSLIM PREACHER IN THE MODERN WORLD. By Richard T. Antoun. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1989. 289pp. Hardback, $49.50; paperback, £15.95. ISBN Hb. 0–691–09441–1; Pb. 0–691–02847.

DISCOVERING ISLAM: MAKING SENSE OF MUSLIM HISTORY AND SOCIETY. By Akbar S. Ahmed. London: Routledge, 1988. 251pp. Hardback £25.00; paperback £9.95. ISBN Hb. 0–7102–1049–3; pb. 0–415–03930–4.

OUVERTURES SUR L'ISLAM. (New Perspectives on Islam). By Mohammad Arkoun. Paris: Jacques Grancher, 1989. 189pp. FF69.00. ISSN 0993–5754.

AL MUWATTA OF IMAM MALIK IBN ANAS: THE FIRST FORMULATION OF ISLAMIC LAW. Translated by Aisha Abdurrahman Bewley. London: Kegan Paul International, 1989. xxxvii + 464pp. ISBN 07103–0351–0.

ARAB HISTORY AND THE NATION‐STATE: A STUDY IN MODERN ARAB HISTORIOGRAPHY 1820–1980. By Youssef M. Choueiri. London: Routledge, 1989. 238pp. Hardback, n.p. ISBN 0–415–13113–3.

ÇABRA HACHMA: SEXUALTTE ET TRADITION. By Lilia Labidi. Tunis: Dar Annawras, 1989. 427pp. FF130.00. ISBN 9–973–733–00–2.

THE ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK: A CASE STUDY OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION. By S.A. Meenai. London: Kegan Paul International, 1989. xii + 226pp. Hardback, £65.00. ISBN 0–7103–0329–7.

THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF JUSTICE: LAW AS CULTURE IN ISLAMIC SOCIETY. By Lawrence Rosen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 101pp. Paperback, £7.50. ISBN 0–521–36740–9.

THE QUR’ Än IN ISLAM: ITS IMPACT AND INFLUENCE ON THE LIFE OF MUSLIMS. By ‘Allämah Sayyid M. H. Tabätabä'i. London: Zahra Publications, 1987. 118pp. n.p. ISBN 0–7103–0266–5.

JOURNEY OF THE UNIVERSE AS EXPOUNDED IN THE QUR’ ÄN. By SHAYKH FADHLALLA HAERI. London: KPI and Zahra Publications, 1985.102pp. Hardback £15.00. ISBN 0–7103–0149–9.

THE CIRCLING SONG. By N. El Saadawi. London: Zed Books, 1989. 88pp. Hardback, £7.95; paperback, £3.95. ISBN Hb. 0–86232–816–0; Pb. 0–86232–817–9.

MYSTICAL ISLAM: AN INTRODUCTION TO SUFISM. By J. baldick. London: I.B. Tauris, 1989. 192pp. Hardback, £24.95. ISBN 1–85043–137X.

THE MUSLIM CONQUEST AND SETTLEMENT OF NORTH AFRICA AND SPAIN. By A. D. Taha. London: Routledge, 1989. 280pp. Hardback, £49.50. ISBN 0–415–00474–8.

WA AND THE WALA: ISLAM AND POLITY IN NORTHWESTERN GHANA. By I. Wilks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 256pp. Hardback, £27.50. ISBN 0–521–36210–5.

LIBYA, CHAD AND THE CENTRAL SAHARA. By John Wright. London: Hurst, 1989. 168pp. Hardback, £23.00. ISBN 1–85065–050–0.

PRELUDE TO THE MAHDIYYA: PEASANTS AND TRADERS IN THE SHENDI REGION. By A. Bj?rkelo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. 192pp. Hardback £25.00. ISBN 0–521–35336‐X.

RELIGION IN CALABAR: THE RELIGIOUS LIFE AND HISTORY OF A NIGERIAN TOWN. By R. I. J. Hackett. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1989. 481pp. DM158.00. ISBN 0–89925–394–6.

FRANCE AND ISLAM IN WEST AFRICA, 1860–1960. By Christopher Harrison. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 242pp. £25.00. ISBN 0–521‐ 35230–4.

ROOTS OF NORTH INDIAN SHT'ISM IN IRAN AND IRAQ: RELIGION AND STATE IN AWADH 1722–1859. By J. R. I. COLE. Comparative Studies on Muslim Societies, vol. 6. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988. xiv + 32pp. $38.00. ISBN 0–520–05641–8.

ISLAM IN ASIA: RELIGION, POLITICS AND SOCIETY. By John L. Esposito. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. 272pp. n.p. ISBN 0–19–504082–3.

THE CRESCENT IN THE EAST: ISLAM IN ASIA MAJOR. Edited by Raphael Israeli. London: Curzon Press, 1989 (rpt. of the first ed.: Curzon Press, 1981). 245pp. £6.75. ISBN O‐7007–0219–9. In the USA: Riverdale, MD 20737: The Riverdale Company, 1989. ISBN 0–913215–45–7.

THE POLITICS OF COMMUNITY: THE BANGLADESHI COMMUNITY IN EAST LONDON. By John Eade. London: Gower, 1989. xii + 213pp. Hardback, £24.00. ISBN 0–566–05717–4.

THE SOVIET EMPIRE: ITS NATIONS SPEAK OUT. By OLEG GLEBOV and JOHN CROWFOOT. Chur: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1989. 189pp. n.p. Pb. ISBN 3–7186–5017–7; Hb. ISBN 3–7186–5000–2.

THE TURBAN FOR THE CROWN: THE ISLAMIC REVOLUTION IN IRAN. By Arjoman Said Amir. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 283pp. $21.95. ISBN 0–19–504257–5.

LAW OF DESIRE: TEMPORARY MARRIAGE IN SHII IRAN. By Shahla Haeri. New York: Syracuse University Press, 1989. 256pp. Paperback $14.95. ISBN 0–8156–2483–2.

PALESTINE AND ISRAEL: THE UPRISING AND BEYOND. By David Mcdowall. London: I.B.Tauris, 1989. xiii + 322pp. Hardback, £14.95. ISBN 1–85043–131–0

RELIGION AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN MODERN TURKEY: THE CASE OF BEDIÜZZAMAN SAID NURSI. By Serif Mardin. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989. 267pp. Hardback, n.p. ISBN 0–88706–996–7.

ISLAM, THE PEOPLE AND THE STATE: ESSAYS ON POLITICAL IDEAS AND MOVEMENTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. By Sami Zubaida. London: Routledge, 1989. 192pp. Hardback, £27.95. ISBN 0–415–01277–5.

ENCOUNTER IN THE SPIRIT: MUSLIM‐CHRISTIAN MEETINGS IN BIRMINGHAM. By A. WINGATE. Risk Book Series, no. 29. Geneva: WCC Publications: 1988. 86pp. £3.50. ISBN 2–8254–0944–8.

MEETING IN FAITH. Compiled by Stuart E. Brown. Geneva: World Council of Churches, 1989. 181pp. £6.50. ISBN 2–8524–0949–9.

A TREATISE ON THE UNITY AND TRINITY OF GOD BY Israel of Kashkar. (d.872). By B. HOLMBERG. Lund: Plus Ultra, 1989. 290 pp. n.p. ISBN 99–86668–28–5.

WELTRELIGIONEN UND FRIEDENSERZIEHUNG: WEGE ZUR TOLERANZ: SCHWERPUNKT: CHRISTENTUN‐ISLAM. Edited by J. LÄHNEMANN. Hamburg: EB‐Verlag Rissen, 1989. 450pp. DM42.00. ISBN‐3–923002–47–5.