CATECHOLAMINE EXCRETION IN YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS AS RELATED TO BEHAVIOR

L ambert , W. W., J ohansson , G., F rankenhaeuser , M. & K lackenberg -L arsson , I. Catecholamine excretion in young children and their parents as related to behavior. Scand. J. Psychol ., 1969, 10, 306–318. — Catecholamine excretion in 100 children and their parents was examined in relation to the children's behavior and to data on the parents' disciplinary procedures: ( a ) children's adrenaline excretion was positively correlated with their intellectual level, ( b ) their noradrenaline excretion was positively correlated with that of their mothers, as well as with both parents' age at the birth of the child, ( c ) mothers' adrenaline excretion was positively correlated with the frequency at which the fathers punished their children by smacking, and ( d ) fathers' noradrenaline excretion was negatively correlated with their own as well as with their wives' frequency of smacking their children.     

Utility of computerized case simulations in therapist training and evaluation

The present quasi-experimental study attempted to evaluate the utility of a set of three computer simulations for therapist training and evaluation by comparing psychology students from two universities at three training levels. The three groups consisted of junior and senior level undergraduates, first year graduate students, and third or fourth year graduate students. Analysis of outcome measures indicated subjects were generally accepting of computer simulation use for therapist training and evaluation and performance differences between the groups could be explained by group population differences. The results are discussed relative to the utility for computer simulations use for therapist training and evaluation.     

Book reviews

Facets of Buddhism Shotaro Iida, 1991 Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass 166 pp., Rs. 150 hb

Li Ao: Buddhist, Taoist, or Neo‐Confucian? T. H. Barrett, 1992 London Oriental Series, Vol. 39 Oxford, Oxford University Press x + 178 pp. £20

Spirituality & Emptiness Donald W. Mitchell, 1992 New York, Paulist Press, xvi + 224 pp. $12.95     

The impact of synthesis teaching and parent training with mothers of conduct-disordered children

A procedure to enhance the impact of parent training with multistressed mother — child dyads was explored with 29 clinic-referred dyads. The procedure, called synthesis teaching, was provided for one randomly selected group of dyads, while the other group was engaged in problem discussions about their children. Both groups received parent training as the principal intervention for the mothers' conduct-disordered children. Results showed that these interventions had no effects on dyads in the clinic setting, but had a progressively more significant effect at home for the synthesis teaching group. That is, mothers in this group showed reductions in their indiscriminate parenting and their children demonstrated behavioral improvements. In contrast, mothers in the control group did not change their behavior and their children did not demonstrate observed behavioral changes. Interpretations of the results center on how synthesis teaching might have produced these effects.The research data reported in this paper were generated by support from grant R01-1068-58 from the National Institute of Mental Health, Crime and Delinquency Section.     

Neuropsychological rehabilitation: microcomputer-assisted treatment of brain-injured adults.

This study was designed to investigate the contribution of cognitive rehabilitation therapy delivered by computer within an educationally based treatment program for brain-injured adults. The effectiveness of two forms of computer-assisted neuropsychological treatment was examined, 36 head-injured adults received the treatment targeting either attention and memory skills or reasoning and logical thinking skills. Both groups were assessed on three measures of attention and memory and three measures of reasoning before and after the 8-wk. treatment. Analysis indicated significant improvement on five of six measures by both groups. No differential effect was observed by treatment condition. These findings did not support the hypothesis that computer-assisted neuropsychological rehabilitation programs which differ in both content and focus can produce specific effects on cognitive functioning of brain-injured adults.     

Reviews

B rome , V incent . Jung: man and myth
H ill , G., D etloff , V., K irsch , T., M c G uire , W. and S tewart , L. (Eds.). The Shaman from Elko
M attoon , M ary A nn . Applied dream analysis: a Jungian approach
S andner , D onald . Navaho symbols of healing
M alan , D. H. Individual psychotherapy and the science of psychodynamics
B rown , D. and P edder , J. Introduction to psychotherapy: an outline of psychodynamic principles and practice     

Spirituality and Post-Stroke Aphasia Recovery

Journal of Religion and Health - The role of spirituality in post-stroke aphasia recovery has been ignored despite its potential contribution to positive health outcomes, particularly stroke...     

Abusive supervision and subordinates' organization deviance

The authors developed an integrated model of the relationships among abusive supervision, affective organizational commitment, norms toward organization deviance, and organization deviance and tested the framework in 2 studies: a 2-wave investigation of 243 supervised employees and a cross-sectional study of 247 employees organized into 68 work groups. Path analytic tests of mediated moderation provide support for the prediction that the mediated effect of abusive supervision on organization deviance (through affective commitment) is stronger when employees perceive that their coworkers are more approving of organization deviance (Study 1) and when coworkers perform more acts of organization deviance (Study 2).     

Psychological inflexibility in childhood and adolescence: development and evaluation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth

The authors describe the development and validation of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y), a child-report measure of psychological inflexibility engendered by high levels of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. Consistent with the theory underlying acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), items converged into a 17-item scale (AFQ-Y) and an 8-item short form (AFQ-Y8). A multimethod psychometric approach provides preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8. In 5 substudies, 3 samples (total N = 1369) were used to establish (a) item comprehension (n = 181), (b) initial item selection (n = 513), (c) final item reduction and development of a short form for research (n = 346), (d) comprehensive psychometric evaluation of the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8 (n = 329), and (e) convergent and construct validity for both versions of the AFQ-Y. Overall, results suggest that the AFQ-Y and AFQ-Y8 may be useful child-report measures of core ACT processes.     

Quality of Life in Male Osteoporosis Decreases as the Number of Fracture Increases

We would like to evaluate quality of life (QL) using validated indexes (QUALEFFO, SF-36) in non-hospitalised osteoporotic men. We have also compared QL in primary or secondary osteoporosis and we have evaluated QL according to the number of fractures. 142 men aged 18 to 80 years (60.3 ± 12.8 years) completed these questionnaires at least 2 months after a fracture. Among them, 81.6% had osteoporosis with fractures and 58% had 2 or more vertebral fractures. Osteoporosis was primary in 52% of cases. The decrease in quality of life due to osteoporotic fractures in men appears comparable to that caused by post menopausal osteoporosis. The impairment of QL concerns all ITEMs ie pain, mobility, social activities, mental functiun, health perception. The primary or secondary nature of the osteoporosis does not influence the decrease in quality of life. Quality of life decreases as the number of fractures increases.