Internal Consistencies and Structural Analysis of the MMPI-2 PSY-5 Facet Subscales in Chinese Population

Using the normative data set of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 of the People’s Republic of China, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Personality Psychopathology Five facet subscales recently developed by Arnau et al. (2005). The internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the Psy-5 were found to be unsatisfactory. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that both item-to-facet factor structure (except the PSYC domain facets subscales) and facet-to-domain factor structure fit the data poorly. These findings suggested that the PSY-5 facet subscales may not be reliable and valid in population independent of those used to derive them. Thus, the utility of these facet subscales in clinical and research settings is premature at least for Chinese people at the present time.     

责任意识及其培养:从心理健康的视角来看

文章从心理健康的视角出发,认为责任意识是个体心理健康的内在要求,是构成心理健康标准的重要维度;强调责任意识的培养是心理健康教育的一个基本主题,它具体包括责任行为、责任认知和责任情感的培养三个方面。     

有关我国宗教工作方针理论问题的座谈会发言——从“鸦片论”触发的话题谈起

根据中国无神论学会几位从事宗教理论政策研究的理事建议,2010年1月22日本刊编辑部邀请部分长期从事宗教事务管理工作和统战工作的老领导、老同志举行了一次小型座谈会。座谈是由《中国宗教》杂志2008年第11期的文章《从"精神鸦片"到"社会资本"》直接引发的这篇文章涉及到中国共产党对宗教的方针政策究竟是什么,它的理论依据和在中国实践的根据是什么,中华人民共和国建国60年来,前30年与后30年是否有原则性的变化等问题,这些老同志作了正本清源的发言,并介绍了他们在实际工作中的经历与总结。有实践依据,有理论高度,对我们是一种震撼和启迪。会议由学会秘书长、中国社会科学院科学与无神论研究中心主任习五一主持。座谈会上的发言,根据录音略加整理,按发言次序发表如后,供感兴趣的同好者参考。其实,评论执政党的宗教方针政策及其理论和实践,在公开的媒体和学术报刊上早就有了存在各种不同认识和观点,以致引起辩论,应该是正常的,有益的。但自《马克思主义宗教观必须与时俱进》在2001年12月16日首发以来,相关舆论出现了一边倒的迹象,至这篇《从"精神鸦片"到"社会资本"》将这种倾向推到了一个新的坡度,引起人们的特别关注是当然的。不仅如此,《中国宗教》的主管单位是国家宗教事务局。《从"精神鸦片"到"社会资本"》一文的发表,使人容易把作者的言论误作官方的意向,具有了舆论的甚至政策的导向性假象。因此,辨清其中的是非不仅有学术意义,也有现实意义。我们将以此次座谈为契机,就有关问题持续地进行讨论,欢迎大家参与。     

香港道教界隆重举办第十届香港道教节

<正>3月29日下午,由香港道教联合会主办的第十届香港道教节在香港伊利沙伯体育馆隆重开幕。香港特区行政长官曾荫权、中央政府驻港联络办主任彭清华、国家宗教局局长王作安、中国道教协会会长任法融应邀担任主礼嘉宾。香港民政事务局局长曾德成,香港道教联合会主席汤伟奇,香港道教联合会会长黎显华、周铭,香港其他宗教的代表,以及来自海内外的道教界人士和各届嘉宾共2000余人参加了开幕式。曾荫权特首、王作安局长、任法融会长、汤伟奇主席分别在开幕式上致辞。     

Exemplar models as a mechanism for performing Bayesian inference

Probabilistic models have recently received much attention as accounts of human cognition. However, most research in which probabilistic models have been used has been focused on formulating the abstract problems behind cognitive tasks and their optimal solutions, rather than on mechanisms that could implement these solutions. Exemplar models are a successful class of psychological process models in which an inventory of stored examples is used to solve problems such as identification, categorization, and function learning. We show that exemplar models can be used to perform a sophisticated form of Monte Carlo approximation known as importance sampling and thus provide a way to perform approximate Bayesian inference. Simulations of Bayesian inference in speech perception, generalization along a single dimension, making predictions about everyday events, concept learning, and reconstruction from memory show that exemplar models can often account for human performance with only a few exemplars, for both simple and relatively complex prior distributions. These results suggest that exemplar models provide a possible mechanism for implementing at least some forms of Bayesian inference.     

Nonlinear epigenetic variance: review and simulations

We present a review of empirical evidence that suggests that a substantial portion of phenotypic variance is due to nonlinear (epigenetic) processes during ontogenesis. The role of such processes as a source of phenotypic variance in human behaviour genetic studies is not fully appreciated. In addition to our review, we present simulation studies of nonlinear epigenetic variance using a computational model of neuronal network development. In each simulation study, time series for monozygotic and dizygotic twins were generated and analysed using conventional behaviour genetic modelling. In the results of these analyses, the nonlinear epigenetic variance was subsumed under the non-shared environmental component. As is commonly found in behaviour genetic studies, observed heritabilities and unique environmentabilities increased with time, whereas common environmentabilities decreased. The fact that the phenotypic effects of nonlinear epigenetic processes appear as unsystematic variance in conventional twin analyses complicates the identification and quantification of the ultimate genetic and environmental causes of individual differences. We believe that nonlinear dynamical system theories provide a challenging perspective on the development of individual differences, which may enrich behaviour genetic studies.     

Panorama

Panorama

Panorama     

任务情境与概率知识经验对中学生合取判断的影响研究

本研究采用了一套由不同任务情境(数字情境和日常情境)组成的合取判断问卷与一套概率基础知识问卷,对106名中学生的合取判断情况进行调查,结果显示:(1)无论在哪种任务情境下,概率知识经验均未对合取判断成绩产生显著影响。(2)不同概率知识经验的被试在数字任务情境下采用的策略有所不同。     

Temporal binding, binocular rivalry, and consciousness.

Cognitive functions like perception, memory, language, or consciousness are based on highly parallel and distributed information processing by the brain. One of the major unresolved questions is how information can be integrated and how coherent representational states can be established in the distributed neuronal systems subserving these functions. It has been suggested that this so-called "binding problem" may be solved in the temporal domain. The hypothesis is that synchronization of neuronal discharges can serve for the integration of distributed neurons into cell assemblies and that this process may underlie the selection of perceptually and behaviorally relevant information. As we intend to show here, this temporal binding hypothesis has implications for the search of the neural correlate of consciousness. We review experimental results, mainly obtained in the visual system, which support the notion of temporal binding. In particular, we discuss recent experiments on the neural mechanisms of binocular rivalry which suggest that appropriate synchronization among cortical neurons may be one of the necessary conditions for the buildup of perceptual states and awareness of sensory stimuli.     

交互式认知：隐性知识的认知机制

在社会建构论和分布式认知等相关理论的基础上,结合隐性知识的特点提出了交互式认知理论,目的在于揭示隐性知识的认知机制。交互式认知是指不同知识主体认知的相互影响和相互作用的过程,其中师傅带徒弟和实践社区这是企业管理实践中最为常见的两种隐性知识传播形式,