敦煌文献中的西魏、北周佛教思想——一百二十法门与《菩萨藏众经要》

地论学派自从慧光之后,以法上--慧远、道凭--灵裕为两大主流,这是就北齐佛教对北魏佛教的继承而言.但是,由于宇文泰、宇文护的奉佛,在僧实的领导下,西魏、北周佛教获得一定的发展;而且,由于西魏征服梁朝的巴蜀、荆襄等地,迁移江南人口至关中,于是南朝佛教亦随之北传.所以,西魏、北周佛教在地论学派佛学体系的基础上,融合南朝佛学,编纂<菩萨藏众经要>二十二卷、<一百二十法门>一卷等.本文依敦煌文献B.8388(潜71)、B.8389(制8),恢复与重现了<一百二十法门>;同时,日本大谷大学藏敦煌本"<菩萨藏修道众经抄>卷第十二",即是<菩萨藏经要>的第十二卷.从此,可以看出西魏、北周佛教对佛教的弘扬与理论创造.     

Interpersonal–Psychological Theory,Alexithymia, and Personality Predict Suicide Ideation among Maladjusted Soldiers in Taiwan

This case–control study enrolled 226 maladjusted soldiers and 229 controls to investigate the impact of the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicide, alexithymia, personality, and childhood trauma on suicide risk among Taiwanese soldiers. Assessments included the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Eysenck Personality Inventory, Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and Brief Symptom Rating Scale. In addition to thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, other risks included less extraversion with higher neuroticism, higher alexithymia, poor academic performance, domestic violence, and life‐threatening events. Our study demonstrates the interaction of the interpersonal–psychological theory and other suicide risk factors in Taiwanese soldiers.