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121.
In Part 1, an outcome study comparing two methods of family treatment, is reported. Families were randomly assigned to one of two forms of conjoint therapy: an Insight-oriented treatment (N = 10 ) or a Problem-Solving intervention (N = 10 ). The results on self-report measures of family functioning indicate that the Problem-Solving intervention produced more favorable changes after three months. Experienced therapists did better than inexperienced therapists in the Insight-treatment condition but level of experience did not make a difference in the Problem-Solving therapy. A group of eight families who dropped out of the Insight-treatment group provided data on correlates of premature termination. In Part II, the study is critically reviewed. The practical obstacles to implementing an experimental design in a clinic setting are considered. Special attention is given to issues involving the selection of treatment and control conditions: sampling and the measurement of outcome. Alternatives to experimental designs are considered. 相似文献
122.
LARS-ERIK LARSSON GUNNAR ÅGREN KENNETH HUGDAHL 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1983,24(1):267-275
An automatic electronic systenm for lateralization of visual stimuli research on hemispheric asymmetry is described. The system consists of three different units: 1) A stimulas projection- unit; 2)an electronic control-unit; and 3)a programming-unit. Necessary characteristics of apparatus for studies using lateralized visual stimuli are described in the paper. Among the listed requirements are: range of stimulus-duration, rise- and fall-time for onset and offset to full intensity of the stimulus, stimulus-eccentricity, and eye-fixation control. The system described in the paper has been in use in our laboratory for the last two years. It is concluded that the system meets the requirements for apparatus used in studies with laterlized visual input. A block-diagram of the electronics and a schematic outline according to scale of the stimulus projection-unit are enclosed with the paper. 相似文献
123.
Theoretical formulations of the past thirty years have championed the hypothesis that family interaction contributes heavily to the etiology of schizophrenia, a position that has dominated contemporary family therapy even in the absence of solid empirical confirmation. The possibility that sociogenic modeling of schizophrenia is not only incorrect but even harmful to families, and to the relationship between families and clinicians, has never been taken seriously, despite its implications for the practice of family therapy. The author describes untoward effects of the sociogenic hypothesis in his own ten-year experience with families of chronic schizophrenics and examines pertinent reports in the family therapy literature, offering the reinterpretation that many communicational aberrations are adaptations to two therapist attributes: (a) failure to absolve the family of initial causal responsibility, and (b) failure to inform the family about the nature of the illness. 相似文献
124.
Survey data were used to examine hypotheses about job size and satisfaction in a broad spectrum of jobs. Job size, higher-order need importance, urban-rural residence, and blue- or white-collar job category were tested as predictors of satisfaction ( N = 2,094). Job size, need importance, and job category all related to job satisfaction. In constrast to earlier findings among blue-collar workers, there was no evidence that either the urban-rural variable or need importance moderated the job size-satisfaction relation. Job category did not moderate these results, indicating that the present results extend to white-collar workers. It was possible to control for income in a subsample ( N = 753). Controlling for income's effect, job size, need importance, and job category still related to satisfaction; again, no moderating effects were observed. Results are discussed in terms of three potential sources of variation in satisfaction: job, person, and interaction of job and person. 相似文献
125.
NEAL SCHMITT BRYAN W. COYLE J. KENNETH WHITE JOHN RAUSCHENBERGER 《Personnel Psychology》1978,31(4):889-901
Data concerning sex, social status, need strength, job perceptions and job satisfaction were collected from 411 people who were entering the work force for the first time at the time they obtained their jobs and approximately 10 months later. Using maximum likelihood path analysis, support was obtained for the following causal sequence: Background → Need Strength → Job Perception → Job Satisfaction. As in other studies, growth need strength was related to job dimensions. However, relatedness needs also appear to play a significant role in determining perceptions of jobs and job satisfaction. Sex and social status determined to some extent the subjects' initial level of need strength and indirectly their job perceptions. 相似文献
126.
NEAL SCHMITT BRYAN W. COYLE JOHN RAUSCHENBERGER J. KENNETH WHITE 《Personnel Psychology》1979,32(2):327-340
A group of 250 early retirees and a similar group of 422 nonretired Civil Service employees were compared on demographic, experience and job attitude variables. Consistent with earlier published studies, demographic, health, and income variables accounted for approximately three times as much variance in the retirement status variable as did the motivational and attitudinal variables. Retirees reported that their jobs afforded less Autonomy, Skill Variety, Opportunity to Deal with Others, and less intrinsic satisfaction, but more Feedback from Others relative to nonretirees. Analysis of the demographic variables indicated retirees were more likely to be female, have less financial commitments, and have had more jobs in their career. It is suggested that the retirement decision may represent a positive attempt on the part of individuals to pursue more challenging, interesting activities, and that longitudinal research be initiated to explore in more detail the determinants of the retirement decision and subsequent retirement satisfaction. 相似文献
127.
RICHARD J. RIORDAN KENNETH B. MATHENY 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1972,50(5):379-382
Logs written by group members after a session can be a powerful tool in group counseling. This article explores the uses of logs and suggests how they can further the success of group counseling in all settings. If used properly they heighten the awareness of personal and group dynamics and smooth the flow of communication. 相似文献
128.
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130.
KOJI UENO MATHEW D. GAYMAN ERIC R. WRIGHT STEVEN D. QUANTZ 《Personal Relationships》2009,16(4):659-670
Abstract The existing literature on gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) youth emphasizes unique benefits of having GLB friends, but empirical studies have shown no or only small mental health advantages of having them. To unravel this contradiction, this study tested a common assumption that GLB youth develop better relational quality with their GLB friends than with straight friends. Statistical analysis used interview data from community organization participants in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (n = 84) and employed analysis of variance and ordinary least squares regression models. GLB youth's friendships with GLB and straight peers did not differ in contact frequency, emotional closeness, and hassles. Further, GLB and straight friends were similar in the degree to which each relational quality dimension was associated with mental health. 相似文献