当前我国诸社会群体伦理道德的价值共识与文化冲突——中国伦理和谐状况报告

The investigation demonstrates that various social communities in contemporary China possess special ethical contexts and moral temperament.Among the various social communities,while value consensus is the fundamental aspect,profound ethical conflicts may exist because of the corruption of governmental officials and the unfairness in benefit distribution.Four basic laws must be followed to achieve ethical harmony of various social communities,i.e.,the dilemma between the similarity of concept and idea and t...     

ICU向患者家属开放的理论研究

ICU实行的基本是封闭式管理,这不仅带来了一些伦理问题,也容易引发医疗纠纷,从伦理学的需要、预防医疗纠纷、改善医患关系等方面探讨ICU向患者家属开放的必要性,分析开放存在的问题,论证了ICU向患者家属开放的可行性。     

略论禅与心理治疗相关的几个主题

探讨禅宗与现代心理治疗的关系,从治疗理论基础--人性假设观、治疗的目标追求观与治疗的技术方法观等三方面挖掘禅宗心理治疗主题,希望能将我国禅学中的心理治疗思想更好地运用到现代心理疗法中,探索出人们理想的存在状态,指导人们认识自我的本性,完善人格,自我超越,顺应自然,以一颗平常心生活.     

由元代道教史籍看道教诸神信仰——以真武大帝、文昌帝君、纯阳帝君为例

道教信仰中的真武大帝、文昌帝君、纯阳帝君等神灵,在庞大的道教神仙谱系及国家祀典中占有很重要的位置,在元代道教史籍中也是重点记述的对象.对他们进行深人研究,不但对厘清道教神系的变化发展具有重要的意义,而且对于进一步认识古代官方与道教信仰的关系,也有一定的参考价值.     

父母、教师在3～4岁儿童气质与行为问题相关性上的系统性认知差异

为探究父母和教师在儿童气质与行为问题相关性上的认知差异,本研究采用问卷法对114名3～4岁儿童的父母和所在班教师分别进行施测,结果发现：（1）相对父母问卷,教师问卷结果中,活动水平维度与诸行为问题因子系统性地产生了更强烈的相关;（2）教师问卷结果中,反应阈维度与活动水平、多动、不注意-被动等因子显著相关,而父母问卷结果中则不显著。     

道德哲学体系中的个体、集体与实体

道德哲学体系与伦理精神体系,应当完成两次辩证转换。一是由个体到集体再到实体的辩证转换;二是由实体到主体的辩证转换。与此相联系,个人主义便具有两种道德哲学形态,即个体个人主义与实体个人主义。集体的形成,必须扬弃个体个人主义,伦理性是集体中的否定因素,只有将集体发展为实体,才能真正解决个体与整体的矛盾。集体上升为实体的必要条件是精神,准确地说是“单一物与普遍物统一”的伦理精神。由实体上升为主体的真义,是实体作为“整个的个体”行动,从而不仅具有实体的伦理性,而且具有作为“整个的个体”的道德性。     

The Facilitative Effects of Ambiguous Figures on Creative Solution

Empirical studies of creativity emphasize the importance of ambiguity advantage in idea generation and creative problem‐solving. This study examined whether ambiguous figures could directly induce a mind‐set that would transfer to the creative problem‐solving. In Experiment 1, we examined whether presentation of ambiguous figures would influence participants' performance in alternative uses tasks, and the results showed that prior exposure to ambiguous figures significantly enhanced participants' performance in the dimension of fluency, flexibility, and originality than those exposed to non‐ambiguous figures; in general uses tasks, there were no significant difference in the reaction time and originality between the ambiguous figure condition and non‐ambiguous figure condition. In Experiment 2, the facilitative effect of ambiguous figures on creative thinking was further examined with creative story generation tasks that demand more mental effort and increased cognitive load. Results showed that creativity of stories generated in ambiguous figure condition was scored significantly higher than those in non‐ambiguous figure condition. The current research extends our understanding of the facilitative effect of ambiguous figures on creative problem‐solving.     

The Ambiguity of Kant's Concept of the Highest Good: Finding the Correct Interpretation

The aim of this paper is to resolve the tension between Kant's doctrine of the highest good and his entire philosophical system. The concept of the highest good is the first major ambiguity of the doctrine. There are three pairs of ambiguities: immanent‐transcendent; justice‐perfection; and individual‐community. They are able to form eight combinations. Corresponding to the various combinations and conceptions of the highest good, interpreters also conceive different reasons for the necessity of the doctrine as well as various conditions of its applicability. For example, some emphasize its religious dimension, whereas others understand it in the political sense. In this paper, I adopt a different approach in understanding the highest good's systematic meaning as the moral confirmation, and suggest that only a transcendent, perfect and communal concept of the highest good can provide the most consistent doctrine. Additionally, it explains the importance of the different branches (such as philosophies of religion and of politics) of Kant's system.     

Inpatient suicide in a Chinese psychiatric hospital

Little is known about the risk factors for suicide among psychiatric inpatients in China. In this study we identified the risk factors of suicide among psychiatric inpatients at Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital. All psychiatric inpatients who died by suicide during the 1956-2005 period were included in this study. Using a case-control design, 64 inpatients with schizophrenia who died by suicide were compared with a matched 64 controls. The results indicate that the rate of suicide was 133.1/100,000 admissions (95%CI 103.4-162.9). There were no significant differences in the method, location, or time of suicide between male and female inpatients. The number of hospitalizations was significantly larger in the suicide group than that in the control group. In logistic regression analyses, guilty thought, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt 1 month before hospital admission were identified as independent predictors of suicide among inpatients with schizophrenia. The findings of risk factors for schizophrenic inpatient suicide should be taken into account when developing interventions to prevent suicide among these patients.     

无聊：一个久远而又新兴的研究主题

无聊是个体由于知觉到生活无意义而产生的负性情绪体验, 它会直接或间接地影响各种社会心理功能。目前, 有关心理健康、社会适应、学业成绩等一系列心理问题的研究已经揭示了无聊的负性作用。但是, 无聊领域的研究还停留在理论探讨和相关研究层面, 概念定义尚没有完全统一, 缺乏系统的理论和完整的模型结构。未来研究可进一步深入探究无聊的作用机制, 并制定有效的干预方案来改善人们的无聊状态。