Graphical representations of a television series: a study with deaf and hearing adolescents

The understanding of a television story can be very different depending on the age of the viewer, their background knowledge, the content of the programme and the way in which they combine the information gathered from linguistic, audio and visual elements. This study explores the different ways of interpreting an audiovisual document considering that, due to a hearing impaired, visual, audio and linguistic information could be perceived very differently to the way it is by hearing people. The study involved the participation of 20 deaf and 20 hearing adolescents, aged 12 to 19 years who, after watching a fragment of a television series, were asked to draw a picture of what had happened in the story. The results show that the graphical representation of the film is similar for both groups in terms of the number of scenes, but there is greater profusion, in the deaf group, of details about the context and characters, and there are differences in their interpretations of some of the sequences in the story.     

Protocoles contre la douleur : la loi nous aide-t-elle ?

At heart of all health professionals’concerns lays the battle against pain. The creation of protocols in the midst of health institutions contributes largely to this battle. Nevertheless, the question arises whether the law ensures the protection of all attendants during the implementation of these protocols.     

Face à la désorganisation somatique,animer la psyché

The author's purpose is to reflect about the function of the psychologist taking care of teenagers affected by somatic diseases, following the example of a therapy of a sixteen years old patient born with physical malformations and sexual ambiguity, suddenly suffering of severe somatic troubles, among them an insulin-dependent diabetes. The therapist may play a maternal function, as suggested by P. Marty. The idea is to give to the patient an alive, anaclitic and counter-exciting presence and a boundary context in order to make up for narcissistic deficiencies and to reach authentic movements. This article relates the way between the psychosomatic disorder and the new balance gradually reached. Trust and affective security are the preliminary conditions of autonomy.     

Le rapport au savoir chez des lycéens à haut potentiel. Approche comparative avec des lycéens tout-venant

Do gifted teenagers (IQ ≥130) harbor a different attitude toward learning as compared to their mainstream peers? Can the attitudes toward learning held by these adolescents improve or hinder their academic performance? Eighty-four gifted high school students and 84 mainstream high school students between the ages of 13 and 18 years were asked to draw up “an assessment of knowledge” (Charlot, B., Bautier, E., Rochex, J.Y., 1992. École et savoir dans les banlieues… et ailleurs. Colin, Paris.). The collected textual data was submitted to both a quantitative and a lexicometric analysis (Alceste software). The gifted students revealed themselves as being more reflexive and “scholarly” relation to knowledge (op. cit.) than their mainstream peers. High achievers attach more value to academic knowledge and have greater confidence in their ability to learn.     

Brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale - Straightforward Items (BFNE-S): psychometric properties in a Spanish population

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale - Straightforward Items (BFNE-S) in a non-clinical Spanish population. Rodebaugh et al. (2004) recommend the use of this scale composed of 8 straightforwardly-worded items, instead of the 12-item version of the BFNE. The sample consisted of 542 undergraduate students, 71.3% of whom were women and 28.7% were men; the mean age was 21.71 (4.78) years. Exploratory factor analysis produced one factor which accounted for 51.28% of variance. The internal consistency of the scale was alpha = .89. The BFNE-S correlated with the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (r = .44), the Personal Report of Confidence as Speaker Modified (r = .44), the Public Speaking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (r = -.38) and both subscales of the Self-Statements during Public Speaking (SSPS-P r = -.22; SSPS-N r = .53). ANOVAs revealed significant differences in the BFNE-S amongst a non-clinical population, persons suffering from specific social phobia, non-generalized social phobia and generalized social phobia.     

Income,Motivation, and Satisfaction with Life: An Empirical Analysis

This paper focuses on how different types of motivations can condition satisfaction with life, studying whether individual heterogeneity in motivations affects the relationship between income and life satisfaction and whether the relationship between motivation and satisfaction differs for people in different income-groups. Data used in this study comes from the World Values Survey and the focus is placed on the relationship between income, motivation and satisfaction with life. Once variables such as gender, age, religion, health or education are controlled for, we find that different motivations significantly affect individual wellbeing. Moreover, our results suggest that moving from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation leads individuals to enjoy greater satisfaction with life. This is so independent of the level of income, but the role of intrinsic motivation is particularly significant for people in the low-income class. Life satisfaction also increases, within extrinsic motivation, when moving from importance placed on a good income to focusing on security and, within intrinsic motivation, when moving from emphasis placed on social relatedness to an increased feeling of accomplishment. Overall, our results suggest that different goals and intended outcomes condition individual’s perceptions of wellbeing, with intrinsic motivations being crucial in attaining greater levels of satisfaction with life.     

Angry facial expressions hamper subsequent target identification

There is considerable evidence indicating that people are primed to monitor social signals of disapproval. Thus far, studies on selective attention have concentrated predominantly on the spatial domain, whereas the temporal consequences of identifying socially threatening information have received only scant attention. Therefore, this study focused on temporal attention costs and examined how the presentation of emotional expressions affects subsequent identification of task-relevant information. High (n = 30) and low (n = 31) socially anxious women were exposed to a dual-target rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm. Emotional faces (neutral, happy, angry) were presented as the first target (T1) and neutral letter stimuli (p, q, d, b) as the second target (T2). Irrespective of social anxiety, the attentional blink was relatively large when angry faces were presented as T1. This apparent prioritized processing of angry faces is consistent with evolutionary models, stressing the importance of being especially attentive to potential signals of social threat.