正念认知疗法用于抑郁症复发预防的研究现状

正念指对当下的体验(包括个人的感觉、想法、身体状态和环境)不加评判地觉知,同时又抱着开放、好奇和接纳的心态.正念认知疗法(MBCT)主要用于抑郁症复发的预防,帮助患者从反刍思维、体验逃避等适应不良的应对模式中摆脱出来.本文对近几年正念及相关疗法的内涵,MBCT在预防抑郁症复发上的优势,以及MBCT的作用机制和疗效等研究状况进行了综述.     

Can a Robot Be Perceived as a Developing Creature?

This study tests the effect of long‐term artificial development of a robot on users' feelings of social presence and social responses toward the robot. The study is a 2 (developmental capability: developmental versus fully matured) × 2 (number of participants: individual versus group) between‐subjects experiment (N= 40) in which participants interact with Sony's robot dog, AIBO, for a month. The results showed that the developmental capability factor had significant positive impacts on (a) perceptions of AIBO as a lifelike creature, (b) feelings of social presence, and (c) social responses toward AIBO. The number of participants factor, however, affected only the parasocial relationship and the buying intention variables. No interaction between the two factors was found. The results of a series of path analyses showed that feelings of social presence mediated participants' social responses toward AIBO. We discuss implications of the current study on human–robot interaction, the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm, and the study of (tele)presence.     

骨组织工程研究的方法论检讨及其思路创新

目前骨组织工程的研究十分注重分析和实验的方法,走的主要是还原论的道路.系统科学的进展表明,生物体功能的行使远非简单的子系统叠加,单纯的还原论方法遇到了挑战.系统论更适合于骨组织工程研究的方法论指导.讨论整体论与还原论相结合的骨组织工程研究的创新思路,探讨建立体内灌注诱导成骨微环境系统这一创新性的近同构模型.     

Understanding the Pathways from Depression to Suicidal Risk from the Perspective of the Interpersonal–Psychological Theory of Suicide

Suicide is a major public health concern, especially in adolescence. Identifying risk factors for suicide is important to effectively prevent such behavior. Depression is one of the most widely examined risk factors for suicidal risk. How depression and suicidal risk are related, however, is still not clear. This study tested a model with three key constructs of the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicidal behavior (IPTS)—perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI)—as mediators in the relationship between depression and suicidal risk among Chinese adolescents. Chinese high school students (N = 1,074; 54.2% male; M_age = 13.87 years, SD = 1.48) completed questionnaires assessing all study variables. Results suggested that perceived burdensomeness and NSSI partially mediated the relationship between depression and suicidal risk. Findings of this study emphasize the importance of the IPTS framework in understanding the possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between depression and suicidal risk, and suggest a possible avenue for suicide interventions.