全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1455篇 |
免费 | 113篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 15篇 |
2021年 | 27篇 |
2020年 | 54篇 |
2019年 | 40篇 |
2018年 | 67篇 |
2017年 | 61篇 |
2016年 | 72篇 |
2015年 | 62篇 |
2014年 | 48篇 |
2013年 | 236篇 |
2012年 | 75篇 |
2011年 | 89篇 |
2010年 | 61篇 |
2009年 | 56篇 |
2008年 | 96篇 |
2007年 | 72篇 |
2006年 | 51篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 41篇 |
2001年 | 39篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1938年 | 3篇 |
1937年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1568条查询结果,搜索用时 578 毫秒
891.
Julian Schmitz Martina Krämer Jens Blechert Brunna Tuschen-Caffier 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(7):911-919
In the aftermath of a distressing social event, adults with social phobia (SP) engage in a review of this event with a focus
on its negative aspects. To date, little is known about this post-event processing (PEP) and its relationship with perceived
performance in SP children. We measured PEP in SP children (n = 24) and healthy controls (HC; n = 22), aged from 8 to 12 years, after the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Children also rated their performance
immediately after the TSST-C and 2.5 h later. SP children reported more negative and less positive PEP than controls. Regression
analyses indicated that negative PEP was associated with social anxiety and perceived task performance independent of comorbid
depression. The SP group rated their performance immediately after the TSST-C as worse compared to HCs and ratings remained
stable over the following 2.5 h. Results are discussed in relation to current theories of SP. 相似文献
892.
Emerging evidence suggests that temperament may predict childbearing. We examined the association between four temperament traits (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence and persistence of the Temperament and Character Inventory) and childbearing over the life course in the population‐based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study (n = 1535; 985 women, 550 men). Temperament was assessed when the participants were aged 20–35 and fertility history from adolescence to adulthood was reported by the participants at age 30–45. Discrete‐time survival analysis modelling indicated that high childbearing probability was predicted by low novelty seeking (standardized OR = 0.92; 95% confidence interval 0.88–0.97), low harm avoidance (OR = 0.90; 0.85–0.95), high reward dependence (OR = 1.09; 1.03–1.15) and low persistence (OR = 0.91; 0.87–0.96) with no sex differences or quadratic effects. These associations grew stronger with increase in numbers of children. The findings were substantially the same in a completely prospective analysis. Adjusting for education did not influence the associations. Despite its negative association with overall childbearing, high novelty seeking increased the probability of having children in participants who were not living with a partner (OR = 1.29; 1.12–1.49). These data provide novel evidence for the role of temperament in influencing childbearing, and suggest possible weak natural selection of temperament traits in contemporary humans. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
893.
Anne Mäkikangas Arnold B. Bakker Kaisa Aunola Evangelia Demerouti 《Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology》2010,83(3):795-814
The aim of the present three‐wave follow‐up study (n = 335) among employees of an employment agency was to investigate the association between job resources and work‐related flow utilizing both variable‐ and person‐oriented approaches. In addition, emotional exhaustion was studied as a moderator of the job resources–flow relationship, and as a predictor of the development of job resources and flow. The variable‐oriented approach, based on latent growth curve analyses, revealed that the levels of job resources and flow at work, as well as changes in these variables, were positively associated with each other. The person‐oriented inspection with the growth mixture modelling identified four trajectories based on the mean levels of job resources and flow and on the changes of these mean levels over time: (a) moderate work‐related resources (n = 166), (b) declining work‐related resources (n = 87), (c) high work‐related resources (n = 46), and (d) low work‐related resources (n = 36). Exhaustion was found to be an important predictor of job resources and flow, but it did not moderate their mutual association. Specifically, a low level of exhaustion was found to predict high levels of job resources and flow. Overall, these results suggest the importance of a person‐oriented view of motivational processes at work. In addition, in order to fully understand positive motivational processes it seems important to investigate the role of negative well‐being states as well. 相似文献
894.
Objectives
This prospective study examined the course of posttraumatic symptoms of police officers across a time span of 12 months (T1: directly, T2: 6 months and T3: 12 months) after confrontation with an event of potentially traumatic nature while on duty.Method
A total of 50 police officers were diagnosed 6 months after the event (T2) using a structured interview (SCID-I and SCID-II). The global functioning was operationalized at T1 and T2 by the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the degree of impairment by the Impairment Score (IS). Furthermore, the intensity of posttraumatic symptoms was assessed at T1 and T2 by the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R). After 12 months (T3) the intensity of posttraumatic symptoms of 40 police officers was assessed again by a mail enquiry.Results
Of the police officers 14 (28%) received the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after 6 months. In the PTSD group a significant drop in the level of functioning and a significant increase in the degree of psychiatric impairment could be found. Concerning the stability of the intensity of posttraumatic intrusions (IES-R subscale intrusions) the PTSD group showed in comparison to the non-PTSD group a slower decrease of symptoms over the period of 12 months (ordinal interaction) and no such strong amelioration of the symptoms as for avoidance and hyperarousal could be found.Conclusions
Although the police force are, due to pre-employment screening and the professional training, both mentally and physically healthy in comparison with the general population, the results point at the risk potential of exceptional events for police officers. Due to the fact that the intensity of posttraumatic intrusions remained on a relatively stable level it seems indispensable to render these police officers further professional support. 相似文献895.
A prominent theory of cognitive development attributes the poor performance that children show in many cognitive tasks to
a general lack of inhibitory control. We tested this theory by examining children’s inhibitory capabilities in retrieval-induced
forgetting (RIF), a memory task in which selective retrieval of previously studied material causes forgetting of related,
nonretrieved material. Such forgetting is often attributed to inhibitory control processes, which supposedly suppress the
nonretrieved items’ memory representation. We examined RIF in kindergartners, second graders, and adults, using both recall
and recognition testing. Although all three age groups showed significant RIF in recall, only adults and second graders, but
not kindergartners, showed RIF in recognition. Because inhibition-based RIF should be present in recall and recognition, these findings indicate that in adults and second graders, but not in kindergartners, RIF is mediated by inhibition.
The results support the view of inefficient inhibitory processes in young children’s cognition. 相似文献
896.
Katriina Hyvönen Taru Feldt Asko Tolvanen Ulla Kinnunen 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2010,76(3):406-418
The relation of the core components of the Effort–Reward Imbalance model (ERI; Siegrist, 1996) to goal pursuit was investigated. Goal pursuit was studied through categories of goal contents – competency, progression, well-being, job change, job security, organization, finance, or no work goal – based on the personal work goals of managers (Hyvönen, Feldt, Salmela-Aro, Kinnunen, & Mäkikangas, 2009). The study focused on the contribution of the ERI components (effort, reward, effort–reward imbalance, OVC) to goal contents, as well as on the mediating and moderating effects of goal contents between the ERI components and occupational well-being (burnout, work engagement) among young Finnish managers (N = 747, age range 23–35 years). First, multinomial regressions showed that effort, reward, and effort–reward imbalance contributed to the membership of the goal categories. Secondly, hierarchical GLM (General Linear Model) indicated that the goal categories mediated the relationship between the ERI components and occupational well-being. Effort, reward, and effort–reward imbalance had an indirect effect through goal categories on burnout and work engagement, but overcommitment only on burnout. In addition, the goal categories moderated the relationship between reward and work engagement. Taken together, psychosocial work environment contributes to the contents of personal work goals, which also function as mediators, particularly between the work environment and occupational well-being. 相似文献
897.
Six- and 12-month-old infant’s eye movements were recorded as they observed feeding actions being performed in a rational or non-rational manner. Twelve-month-olds fixated the goal of these actions before the food arrived (anticipation); the latency of these gaze shifts being dependent (r = .69) on infants life experience being feed. In addition, 6- and 12-month-olds dilated their pupil during observation of non-rational feeding actions. This effect could not be attributed to light differences or differences in familiarity, but was interpreted to reflect sympathetic-like activity and arousal caused by a violation of infant’s expectations about rationality. We argue that evaluation of rationality requires less experience than anticipations of action goals, suggesting a dual process account of preverbal infants’ everyday action understanding. 相似文献
898.
This study examined the role of parents' perceptions of their children's competencies and their educational optimism in forming expectations of their children's further education. A group of parents (N = 352) were asked to estimate the probability of their children's entering gymnasium or vocational school and to assess the child's competencies in the course of primary school years. Parents had crystallized anticipations of their children's further education as early as preschool, and the differences bound to parents' education and child's gender were well established in their expectations. By the end of the 7th school year, the relationships between the expectations and the competence assessments strengthened and became more uniform among parents, although there were also group‐specific profiles. 相似文献
899.
The study examined children’s and their parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of the malleability of the child’s academic competencies.
A total of 103 third- and sixth-graders and their parents and teachers were asked to rate how much the child could improve
her/his competencies in mathematics and Finnish. The participants were asked to use intrapersonal and interpersonal criteria
in their ratings, i.e., to rate the child’s potential for improvement in comparison with his/her own current competencies
and in relation to her/his peers’ competencies. The results showed a tendency that older children’s perceptions were closer
to their parents’ and teachers’ views than those of younger children. Children of academically educated parents showed a stronger
correlation with their teachers’ and parents’ intrapersonal perceptions than children of vocationally educated parents. The
results also suggested that the teachers and parents trusted in boys’ intrapersonal potential in Finnish more than in girls’
but there were no gender-differences in their perceptions concerning mathematics. In all, the children’s intrapersonal perceptions
of their improvement potential were the most optimistic, followed by their parents’ and lastly by their teachers’ perceptions. 相似文献
900.
Karl Ask Pär Anders Granhag 《Journal of Investigative Psychology & Offender Profiling》2010,7(3):214-230
Research on the hindsight bias has shown that knowledge of an event outcome makes the observed outcome appear more predictable than it does in the absence of outcome knowledge. It was hypothesised that perceptions of the suggestiveness of a line‐up would be similarly influenced by knowledge of a witness' identification decision, with a positive identification of the suspect increasing, and a negative non‐identification decreasing, perceived suggestiveness. The ratings of undergraduate students (N = 50) in Experiment 1 showed the predicted influence of positive outcome, whereas negative outcome had no demonstrable influence. In contrast, Experiment 2, conducted with police trainees (N = 126) and with the line‐up presented in the context of a criminal investigation, partially supported the predicted influence of negative, but not positive, outcome. The discrepant findings are discussed in terms of the cognitive mechanisms underlying the hindsight bias and the implications for real‐life judgements of line‐up suggestiveness. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献