Professor Robert D. Goldney MD  Anthony H. Winefield PhD  Helen R. Winefield PhD  Judith Saebel PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2009,39(1):33-37

In a sample of young adult Australians, those who had had suicidal ideation but who did not acknowledge ever having had it when asked 4 years later, were experiencing better mental health, as demonstrated by significantly better functioning on a range of psychometric measures, than those who recalled it. These results are consistent with several recent reports and indicate that forgetting painful events such as suicidal ideation is an adaptive defense mechanism. This has implications in terms of therapy focusing on contemporaneous events and the future, rather than on the past.  相似文献   

  总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jason D. Carter  Judith A. Hall  Dana R. Carney  Janelle C. Rosip   《Journal of research in personality》2006,40(6):1103-1118

Previous research has documented individual differences in a range of constructs relating to social stereotyping, prejudice, and intergroup attitudes. However, research has not sought specifically to measure a general acceptance of social stereotyping. In the present research, we explored attitudinal, cognitive, emotional, and personality correlates of a person’s self-reported willingness to rely on stereotypical information when interacting with people of different social and cultural groups. In six studies (N = 1080) we found that more acceptance of stereotyping was associated with more explicit and implicit stereotyping of particular groups, less liberal gender-role values, more authoritarian attitudes, preference for hierarchies, higher social dominance orientation, less universal outlook, less complexity in describing others’ emotions, less utilization of emotional information, and more utilization of social categories (gender and race) when rating the similarity of faces, less agreeable and more agentic personality, and more rigid and simplistic cognitive style (all independent of one’s gender). Female and African-American participants were less accepting of stereotyping than male and Caucasian participants. The general tendency to accept stereotyping in daily life is a measurable individual difference that may prove useful in social-personality research.  相似文献   

    

Judith L. Mitrani 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2007,88(5):1153-1169

In this paper, the author discusses the recurrence of infantile, proto-mental functioning in adolescence mainly in the context of the work of Frances Tustin. She demonstrates, through clinical example, how the tendency to resort to bodily centered and sensation-dominated protections is reactivated on a grand scale when the internal and external physical and psychological changes, brought on in puberty, are felt to be potentially overwhelming. She also demonstrates how, when the capacity for adequate mental and emotional development is stultified, sensation and action once again come to the rescue as the adolescent's way of attenuating anxieties unconsciously experienced as resonating with those unmentalized happenings of early infancy and how the psychoanalytic relationship may be pivotal in setting previously derailed mental and emotional growth back on track.  相似文献   

    

Walid A. Afifi  Judith L. Weiner 《人类交流研究》2006,32(1):35-57

Although considerable research attention has been devoted to studying the spread of HIV, recent attention to general sexual health has refocused attention to the far greater prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections. One way we might help control the spread of these infections is by better understanding the information management process as it relates to sexual health. Toward that effort, this investigation offers an empirical test of the Theory of Motivated Information Management (W. A. Afifi & Weiner, 2004), applying it to college students’ search for target‐related sexual health information. The results contribute to our understanding of information‐seeking processes, offer mixed results regarding the theory's utility in this context, and show an association between information seeking and safer‐sex behavior.  相似文献   

    

Ramsey JL  Langlois JH  Hoss RA  Rubenstein AJ  Griffin AM 《Developmental science》2004,7(2):201-211

Like adults, young infants prefer attractive to unattractive faces (e.g. Langlois, Roggman, Casey, Ritter, Rieser‐Danner & Jenkins, 1987 ; Slater, von der Schulenburg, Brown, Badenoch, Butterworth, Parsons & Samuels, 1998 ). Older children and adults stereotype based on facial attractiveness ( Eagly, Ashmore, Makhijani & Longo, 1991 ; Langlois, Kalakanis, Rubenstein, Larson, Hallam & Smooth, 2000 ). How do preferences for attractive faces develop into stereotypes? Several theories of stereotyping posit that categorization of groups is necessary before positive and negative traits can become linked to the groups (e.g. Tajfel, Billig, Bundy & Flament, 1971 ; Zebrowitz‐McArthur, 1982 ). We investigated whether or not 6‐month‐old infants can categorize faces as attractive or unattractive. In Experiment 1, we familiarized infants to unattractive female faces; in Experiment 2, we familiarized infants to attractive female faces and tested both groups of infants on novel faces from the familiar or novel attractiveness category. Results showed that 6‐month‐olds categorized attractive and unattractive female faces into two different groups of faces. Experiments 3 and 4 confirmed that infants could discriminate among the faces used in Experiments 1 and 2, and therefore categorized the faces based on their similarities in attractiveness rather than because they could not differentiate among the faces. These findings suggest that categorization of facial attractiveness may underlie the development of the ‘beauty is good’ stereotype.  相似文献   

    

T. Anne Richards  Judith Wrubel  Jenna Grant  Susan Folkman 《Journal of religion and health》2003,42(3):201-219

  相似文献   

    

Wayne T. Steward  Tamera R. Schneider  Judith Pizarro  Peter Salovey 《Journal of applied social psychology》2003,33(12):2439-2464

Smoking‐cessation messages usually emphasize the costs of continuing to smoke (loss‐framed). However, prospect theory suggests that messages that instead emphasize the benefits of quitting smoking (gain‐framed) could be more effective than loss‐framed messages because smoking cessation is likely viewed as a cancer‐prevention behavior with a certain rather than a risky outcome. In this study, smokers at public events read brochures containing brief gain‐ or loss‐framed smoking‐cessation messages. The influence of framing was moderated by participants' need for cognition (NFC). Individuals lower in NFC had greater intention to quit after reading a gain‐framed message than after reading a loss‐framed message a finding consistent with our predictions whereas framing did not affect the persuasiveness of messages among people higher in NFC.  相似文献   

    

Sandra E. Wiens  Judith C. Daniluk 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2009,87(3):339-348

The purpose of the present study was to give voice to fathers of young adult children diagnosed with schizophrenia within the past 10 years. A qualitative, phenomenological method was used to explore and describe the fathering experiences of the 6 volunteer participants. The findings suggest that mental health professionals should recognize the needs and important role of fathers in the lives of their children who have schizophrenia. Suggestions are provided for counselors working with this population.  相似文献   

    

Judith L. Mitrani 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2007,88(4):825-842

In this paper, the author revisits the problem of 'premature ego development' first introduced by Melanie Klein in 1930. She also highlights several developments in post-Kleinian thinking since the publication of that paper, which can be seen as offshoots of or complements to Klein's work. The author proposes a link between this category of precocious development and the absence of the experience of what Bion termed the 'containing object.' She puts forward several technical considerations relevant to analytic work with patients who suffer as a result of early developmental failures and presents various clinical vignettes in order to demonstrate the ways in which these considerations take shape in the analytic setting.  相似文献   

    

Judith Shelton Dobson  Russell L. Dobson 《The Journal of Humanistic Counseling》1975,14(1):32-39

  相似文献