小学生快速阅读训练的实验研究

该研究以小学四年级学生为被试,经过对实验班十八周的快速阅读训练,使学生初步掌握快速阅读的技能,探索通过快速阅读训练提高小学生阅读速度和学习成绩的可能性及快速阅读训练对小学生眼动模式的影响。结果发现(1)快速阅读训练可以在一定程度上使小学生提高阅读速度;(2)快速阅读训练可以在一定程度上提高小学生的考试成绩;(3)通过快速阅读训练,可以有效地 减少阅读时间、注视次数和回视次数。     

历代名人吟咏镇海寺

~~五台山学智,并有自利利他的行为,而感到欢喜,故名。徘徊:来回行走的意思。这句是说,佛教认为来去今过都是空的,菩萨到了初地时,虽然已得意忘言,发起了中道之智,但还在徘徊犹豫。[6]这句是说,不要因为隐士和神仙所居的沧洲、瀛洲离我们很远,就说和尚就修不成菩萨和佛。[7]宾王:亦或辅佐帝王的高官大臣。灵隐:即杭州市灵隐寺。这句是说,随从乾隆皇帝第五次去五台山的高官大臣,只会认识灵隐寺,吟咏灵隐寺,但他们在观海的话,思想还是潮起潮伏,静不下心来,没有入定,没有解脱。[8]这句是说,镇海寺正院旁边还有一个院落,名叫永乐院,里面盖着三间…     

品牌态度强度与品牌态度可达性的关系性质

运用态度量表和反应时实验比较了品牌态度强度与品牌态度可达性的关系性质。研究发现,女性被试对保健品品牌要素的态度评价越肯定,态度通达和提取的时间就越快,两者之间形成有规律的函数关系;但在否定性态度条件下,没有出现类似的规律性;当要求被试把模糊性态度明确为肯定或否定态度时,67％的被试明确为否定态度,但所用时间显著慢于明确为肯定态度所用的时间     

语言、交往与个性的形成

个性作为单个主体的思想、情感和行为的特殊方式、表现特征和主体倾向性,是在交往活动中形成的.交往从根本上说是一种基于理解的相互关系,是主体间以语言符号为中介的交互性关系.语言在交往中的普遍有效性基础,即主体在交往活动中需普遍遵循的规范,构成理解的前提.语言能力就其作为主体进行交往活动的基本能力而言,是交往行为的可能性条件,因此,语言能力就其是个体存在者进入交往活动所应当具备的资质而言,同时是构成其个性的基本要素.     

浅谈王重阳的写景诗词

全真道向来十分看重以文传道的传教方式,透过不同的传道诗词与士人、僧道、弟子、俗众应酬唱和,交流全真之义理,解答道学疑难。关于王重阳的诗词创作,范怿于《重阳全真集》序中提到,重阳“杖履所临,人如雾集,有求教言,来者不拒。诗章词曲,疏颂杂文,得于自然,应酬即办”。重阳诗     

两汉兰陵经学管窥

两汉时期, 兰陵地区经学兴盛, 《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《易》、《春秋》等儒家经典代相传授, 大批造诣精深的经师出现, 形成了鲜明的学术上的特质与风格, 并对两汉学术乃至社会的发展产生了重要的影响。     

应用心理学的学科性质——基于钱学森学科结构模型的分析

纯粹应用观和独立观是解释应用心理学学科性质的两个代表性理论。前者认为应用心理学仅是基础心理学知识和方法的直接应用;后者则认为应用心理学有独立的本质特征。钱学森学科结构模型赞同独立观,认为应用心理学有三个本质特征：1）研究旨趣面向心理工程技术中的重大问题,生产应用性理论;2）内容体系由社会需求决定,随着需求的变化而变化;3）研究方法的个人经验成分多于基础心理学,少于心理工程技术。在应用心理学建设中,1）要敏于实际需求;2）要大力发展、创立我国需要的应用心理学分支;3）要统一人才培养规制。     

Organizational Innovation Climate and Creative Outcomes: Exploring the Moderating Effect of Time Pressure

Time pressure, one of the factors of organizational innovation climate, has an inconsistent effect on employee creativity. Based on the interactional approach, this study attempted to describe time pressure as a moderator. Data were collected from two surveys of R&D employees at Taiwanese national research institutions in 2007 and 2009. The results showed that time pressure moderated the relationship between organizational innovation climate and creative outcomes. As most theorists had predicted, in a strong organizational innovation climate, time pressure hindered creative outcomes. However, as many practitioners advocate, time pressure enhanced creative outcomes in a weak organizational innovation climate. The implications in a time pressure/organizational innovation climate matrix are discussed.     

Effects of display complexity on location and feature inhibition

Inhibition of return refers to the lengthening of reaction times (RTs) to a target when a preceding stimulus has occupied the same location in space. Recently, we observed a robust inhibitory effect for color and shape in moderately complex displays: It is more difficult to detect a target with a particular nonspatial attribute if a stimulus with the same attribute was recently the focus of attention. Such nonspatial inhibitory effects have not generally been found in simpler displays. In the present study, we test how location-based and nonspatial inhibitory effects vary as a function of display complexity (eight, six, four, and two locations). The results demonstrated that (1) location-based inhibition effects were much stronger in more complex displays, whereas the nonspatial inhibition was only slightly stronger in more complex displays; (2) nonspatial inhibitory effects emerged at longer stimulus onset asynchronies than did location-based effects; and (3) nonspatial inhibition appeared only when cues and targets occurred in the same locations, confirming that pure feature repetition does not produce a cost. Taken together, the results are consistent with perceptual processes based on object files that are organized by spatial location. Using somewhat more complex displays than are most commonly employed provides a more sensitive method for observing the role of inhibitory processes in facilitating visual search. In addition, using a relatively wide set of cue–target timing relationships is necessary in order to clearly see how inhibitory effects operate.     

方言和外语学习对词汇通达能力的影响

使用图片命名任务和TOT(舌尖现象)任务考察方言和外语学习对词汇通达能力的影响。实验结果发现,在图片命名任务和TOT任务中,单语者的表现均好于粤语-普通话双言者和粤语-普通话-英语三语者,粤语-普通话双言者和粤语-普通话-英语三语者的表现没有显著差异。该结果说明,与外语学习一样,方言也会影响个体的词汇通达能力,但方言和外语学习对词汇通达能力的影响依赖于他们的使用频率。